Lake Ohrid - Examen
Lake Ohrid
  • 1. Which two countries share Lake Ohrid?
A) Albania and Greece
B) North Macedonia and Bulgaria
C) North Macedonia and Albania
D) Greece and North Macedonia
  • 2. In which year was North Macedonia's side of Lake Ohrid declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO?
A) 2014
B) 1980
C) 2010
D) 1979
  • 3. How many endemic species are found in Lake Ohrid's aquatic ecosystem?
A) 300
B) More than 200
C) 100
D) 50
  • 4. What is the maximum depth of Lake Ohrid?
A) 288 metres (945 ft)
B) 350 metres (1,148 ft)
C) 150 metres (492 ft)
D) 200 metres (656 ft)
  • 5. Which country's portion of Lake Ohrid was designated as a Ramsar site in 2021?
A) Bulgaria
B) Albania
C) North Macedonia
D) Greece
  • 6. What is the total area covered by Lake Ohrid?
A) 500 square kilometres
B) 300 square kilometres
C) 400 square kilometres
D) 358 square kilometres (138 sq mi)
  • 7. Which town is not located on the lakeside of Lake Ohrid?
A) Kosel
B) Ohrid
C) Pogradec
D) Struga
  • 8. What is the length of Lake Ohrid?
A) 20 km (12.4 mi)
B) 40 km (24.9 mi)
C) 50 km (31.1 mi)
D) 30.4 km (18.9 mi)
  • 9. What percentage of Lake Ohrid's shoreline is within North Macedonia?
A) 64%
B) 70%
C) 36%
D) 50%
  • 10. When did Albania's side of Lake Ohrid receive UNESCO world heritage status?
A) 2010
B) 2019
C) 2021
D) 2014
  • 11. Which of the following lakes is not mentioned as having a similarly ancient origin to Lake Ohrid?
A) Lake Geneva
B) Lake Baikal
C) Lake Tanganyika
D) Lake Titicaca
  • 12. What is the main reason Lake Ohrid is preserved despite sediment infill?
A) Its great depth, tectonic subsidence, and minimal sediment inflows
B) Frequent dredging
C) High water levels
D) Artificial barriers
  • 13. What was the magnitude of the strongest earthquake measured near Lake Ohrid?
A) 6.6
B) 5.5
C) 6.0
D) 7.2
  • 14. Which national park in North Macedonia includes a portion of the lakeside of Lake Ohrid?
A) Galičica National Park
B) Pelister National Park
C) Mavrovo National Park
D) Skopje National Park
  • 15. What is the mean depth of Lake Ohrid?
A) 200 m (656 ft)
B) 250 m (820 ft)
C) 100 m (328 ft)
D) 155 m (509 ft)
  • 16. Which of the following is not a town situated at the lakeside of Lake Ohrid?
A) Ohrid
B) Pogradec
C) Bitola
D) Struga
  • 17. What is the estimated volume of water contained in Lake Ohrid?
A) 70 cubic kilometres
B) 40 cubic kilometres
C) 55.49 cubic kilometres (45 million acre-feet)
D) 30 cubic kilometres
  • 18. Which of the following is not a feature of the seismogenic landscape around Lake Ohrid?
A) Fresh fault scarps
B) Displaced sediment and soil sequences
C) Volcanic eruptions
D) Stepped hillsides
  • 19. What is the width of Lake Ohrid at its maximum extent?
A) 14.8 km (9.2 mi)
B) 25 km (15.5 mi)
C) 20 km (12.4 mi)
D) 10 km (6.2 mi)
  • 20. Which lake was named after Lake Ohrid by NASA?
A) Lake Titicaca
B) One of Titan's lakes
C) Lake Tanganyika
D) Lake Baikal
  • 21. What type of status does the coastal portion of Lake Ohrid hold in Albania?
A) World Heritage Site
B) Managed Nature Reserve
C) National Park
D) Protected Ramsar site
  • 22. What is the total shoreline length of Lake Ohrid?
A) 120 km (74.6 mi)
B) 87.53 km (54.39 mi)
C) 70 km (43.5 mi)
D) 100 km (62.1 mi)
  • 23. What percentage of Lake Ohrid's surface area falls within Albania?
A) 20%
B) 50%
C) 40%
D) 31%
  • 24. Which year did the Ohrid-Prespa Transboundary Reserve get added to UNESCO's World Network of Biosphere Reserves?
A) 2019
B) 2010
C) 2021
D) 2014
  • 25. What is the primary source of inflow to Lake Ohrid?
A) Underground springs on the eastern shore
B) Direct precipitation
C) Rivers
D) Lake Prespa
  • 26. What percentage of Lake Ohrid's inflow comes from underground springs?
A) 20%
B) 50%
C) 40%
D) 25%
  • 27. Which direction does the Black Drin River flow from Lake Ohrid?
A) Westerly
B) Northerly
C) Easterly
D) Southerly
  • 28. Into which sea does the Black Drin River eventually flow?
A) Mediterranean Sea
B) Ionian Sea
C) Black Sea
D) Adriatic Sea
  • 29. What percentage of Lake Ohrid's water leaves by evaporation?
A) 40%
B) 25%
C) 20%
D) 50%
  • 30. What is the catchment/lake surface ratio of Lake Ohrid?
A) ~3
B) ~5
C) ~7
D) ~10
  • 31. What is the hydraulic residence time scale of Lake Ohrid?
A) ~100 years
B) ~50 years
C) ~30 years
D) ~70 years
  • 32. What type of climate does Lake Ohrid experience?
A) Relatively dry, Mediterranean
B) Cold, Continental
C) Wet, Subtropical
D) Humid, Tropical
  • 33. What percentage of Lake Ohrid's inflow comes from direct precipitation?
A) 50%
B) 40%
C) 25%
D) 20%
  • 34. How do watercourses from Lake Prespa reach Lake Ohrid?
A) Through underground watercourses in the karstic landscape
B) Directly over the surface
C) Through a man-made canal
D) Via a series of lakes
  • 35. What is the main geographical feature that influences the water inflow from Lake Prespa?
A) Karstic landscape
B) River delta
C) Coastal plain
D) Mountain range
  • 36. What is the dominant process for vertical water exchange in Lake Ohrid during winter?
A) Wind forcing
B) Convective mixing during winter cooling
C) Earth rotation
D) Annual deep water exchange
  • 37. Which wetland was drained for agriculture in the 1940s and 1960s?
A) Struga Marsh
B) Studenchishte Marsh
C) Lake Ohrid
D) River Sateska
  • 38. What is the size of the area recommended to be protected as a Natural Monument at Studenchishte Marsh?
A) 50 hectares
B) 75 hectares
C) 63.97 hectares
D) 100 hectares
  • 39. What year was Ramsar status formalized for Studenchishte Marsh?
A) 2012
B) 2021
C) 2018
D) 2020
  • 40. What is the potential impact of constructing the European Corridor VIII railway on Struga Marsh?
A) Reduced potential to restore Struga Marsh
B) Complete restoration of Struga Marsh
C) No impact on Struga Marsh
D) Increased potential to restore Struga Marsh
  • 41. What is the status of Studenchishte Marsh protection at the national level as of the latest update?
A) Rejected
B) Fully completed
C) Under consideration
D) Not yet completed
  • 42. What did the Strategic Environmental Assessment conclude about the proposed construction at Studenchishte Marsh?
A) Construction would have a positive impact
B) Construction would slightly impact the area
C) Construction would have no impact
D) No measure except non-implementation could reduce the negative impact
  • 43. How many endemic species of phytoplankton and sessile algae are found in Lake Ohrid?
A) 5 species
B) 15 species
C) 20 species
D) 10 species
  • 44. Which plant species is endemic to Lake Ohrid?
A) Chara ohridana
B) Nymphaea alba
C) Potamogeton natans
D) Elodea canadensis
  • 45. How many endemic zooplankton species are recorded in Lake Ohrid?
A) 3 species
B) 5 species
C) 7 species
D) 10 species
  • 46. What is the name of an endemic cyprinid fish found in Lake Ohrid?
A) Rutilus rutilus
B) Cyprinus carpio
C) Pachychilon pictum
D) Leuciscus idus
  • 47. Which trout species is part of the Ohrid trout complex?
A) Salmo letnica
B) Salvelinus alpinus
C) Salmo salar
D) Salmo trutta
  • 48. How many endemic bottom fauna species are found in Lake Ohrid?
A) 300 species
B) 250 species
C) 100 species
D) 176 species
  • 49. What percentage of the total freshwater gastropod fauna in Lake Ohrid is endemic?
A) 60%
B) 80%
C) 73.5%
D) 50%
  • 50. Which bird species is considered rare and threatened in Lake Ohrid?
A) Mallard
B) Dalmatian pelican
C) Canada goose
D) Mallard
  • 51. What designation has BirdLife International given to the Macedonian part of Lake Ohrid?
A) World Heritage Site
B) Important Bird Area (IBA)
C) National Park
D) Biosphere Reserve
  • 52. Which bird species is supported by the Albanian part of Lake Ohrid?
A) Common goldeneyes
B) Bald eagle
C) Peregrine falcon
D) Snowy owl
  • 53. Under which convention is the wetland of Lake Ohrid recognized for its international importance?
A) Montreal Protocol
B) Kyoto Protocol
C) Ramsar Convention
D) CITES
  • 54. Which bird species is biogeographically significant in Lake Ohrid's wetlands?
A) Barred owl
B) Great horned owl
C) Red-crested pochard
D) Barn owl
  • 55. How many cities are located on the shores of Lake Ohrid?
A) Two
B) Four
C) Three
D) Five
  • 56. Which city is not on the Macedonian side of Lake Ohrid?
A) Skopje
B) Ohrid
C) Pogradec
D) Struga
  • 57. What is the population of the catchment area around Lake Ohrid?
A) Around 200,000 people
B) Around 150,000 people
C) Around 100,000 people
D) Around 170,000 people
  • 58. How many people live directly at the lake shore?
A) 140,000 people
B) 131,000 people
C) 150,000 people
D) 120,000 people
  • 59. What is the approximate number of people living at the lake shore in Albania?
A) 43,000
B) 50,000
C) 30,000
D) 60,000
  • 60. How much has the population in the catchment area increased in the last half century?
A) By 150,000 people
B) By 200,000 people
C) By 50,000 people
D) By 100,000 people
  • 61. What is a significant part of the income for fishing villages around Lake Ohrid?
A) Agriculture
B) Tourism
C) Mining
D) Fishing
  • 62. Which ancient road was close to Lake Ohrid?
A) Silk Road
B) Via Egnatia
C) Appian Way
D) Royal Road
  • 63. What is the current status of Lake Ohrid in terms of communication infrastructure?
A) A communications backwater
B) A modern highway junction
C) A major transportation hub
D) A bustling trade center
  • 64. Which religious monument is located southwest of Struga?
A) The Cathedral of St. Mark
B) The Church of St. Nicholas
C) The Black Madonna
D) St. Peter's Basilica
  • 65. What historical event is associated with the fortifications across Galicica Mountain?
A) The Battle of Waterloo
B) The Macedonian Front
C) The Crusades
D) The Napoleonic Wars
  • 66. Under which criterion was Lake Ohrid designated as a World Heritage Site?
A) Criterion X
B) Criterion III
C) Criterion IX
D) Criterion VII
  • 67. When did the city of Ohrid become part of a mixed Natural and Cultural World Heritage Site?
A) 2017
B) 2019
C) 1979
D) 1980
  • 68. How many recommendations were devised by the 2017 mission report for Macedonia?
A) 19
B) 30
C) 10
D) 25
  • 69. Where was the 41st Session of the World Heritage Committee held in 2017?
A) Paris, France
B) Krakow, Poland
C) New York, USA
D) Baku, Azerbaijan
  • 70. What does research at Lake Ohrid provide evidence for?
A) The benefits of overfishing
B) Niche-based assembly processes from a natural system
C) The impact of deforestation on local wildlife
D) The effects of pollution on marine life
  • 71. What is the biggest current source of phosphorus in Lake Ohrid?
A) Household wastewater.
B) Industrial waste.
C) Natural sedimentation.
D) Agricultural runoff.
  • 72. At which annual meeting was the Declaration on the Protection of the Lake Ohrid Ecosystem passed?
A) 15th annual European meeting
B) 10th annual European meeting
C) 20th annual European meeting
D) 13th annual European meeting
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