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Adivasi - Questionário
Contribuição de: Haynes
  • 1. What was the traditional economy of most tribes according to the text?
A) Subsistence agriculture or hunting and gathering
B) Import and export trade services
C) Tourism and hospitality management
D) Large-scale industrial manufacturing
  • 2. Which items were historically traded by tribes with outsiders?
A) Salt and iron
B) Gold and precious stones
C) Electronic goods and technology
D) Advanced agricultural machinery
  • 3. What happened to tribal land ownership around 1900 under the British government?
A) Land was turned into protected national parks
B) Tribes were forced into urban migration
C) The government granted all land back to the tribes
D) Migrants received free land for cultivation
  • 4. How did Adivasi traditionally view land?
A) As a commodity to be sold for profit
B) As land belonging exclusively to the state
C) As a common resource for whoever needed it
D) As a strictly inherited private asset
  • 5. Why did many Adivasis lose the opportunity to claim their lands?
A) The government seized all land by force
B) They did not prioritize obtaining formal land titles
C) They moved away to find better jobs
D) They were prohibited from farming their own land
  • 6. What is a loophole that allowed non-Adivasi to gain access to tribal land?
A) Educational scholarships
B) Government employment quotas
C) Land leases
D) Marriage alliances
  • 7. What characterized the 1970s in relation to Adivasi land?
A) Intense land pressure
B) Decreased interest in tribal territories
C) A surge in tribal land ownership
D) Government-mandated restoration of land
  • 8. How did many Adivasis lose their land titles in the 1970s?
A) Exchange for modern technology
B) Voluntary donation to the state
C) Debt, bribery, or leases
D) Loss through environmental disasters
  • 9. What did some non-Adivasis do to gain competitive advantages over established tribes?
A) Build schools and hospitals for tribes
B) Lobby to be classified as tribal
C) Convert to tribal religions
D) Marry into tribal families
  • 10. What often happens when the government attempts to evict illegal non-tribal occupiers?
A) It proceeds slowly and often targets poor lower castes
B) It restores land directly to tribal elders
C) It is highly efficient and swift
D) It results in complete removal of all outsiders
  • 11. What has been a permanent feature of many tribal villages since the 1960s and 1970s?
A) Resident non-tribal shopkeepers
B) Government administrative centers
C) State-run universities
D) Large-scale industrial factories
  • 12. What are examples of cash crops mentioned in the text?
A) Wheat and rice
B) Cotton or castor-oil plants
C) Tea and coffee
D) Oranges and bananas
  • 13. What is an extreme consequence of the widespread indebtedness of Adivasis?
A) Forced enrollment in vocational schools
B) Government intervention to pay off all debts
C) Traders selling debtors to other merchants
D) Full cancellation of tribal debts
  • 14. Why are tribes in the Himalayan foothills less pressured by non-tribal intrusion?
A) Severe climate conditions
B) Lack of natural resources
C) Extreme poverty in the region
D) Historically distinct political status and isolation
  • 15. What was the 'Inner Line' policy?
A) A ban on all agricultural activities
B) A policy requiring special permission for non-Adivasi to enter
C) A trade agreement between tribes and the British
D) A strategy to mine the Himalayan foothills
  • 16. Why do post-colonial governments protect the Himalayan tribes?
A) As a strategy to secure the border with China
B) To preserve ancient tribal languages
C) To promote tourism in the region
D) Due to international humanitarian pressure
  • 17. Who was one of the Adivasis involved in the Indian independence movement?
A) Tatya Tope
B) Rani of Jhansi
C) Ramji Gond
D) Birsa Munda
  • 18. Which rebellion occurred between 1774 and 1779?
A) Bhumij rebellion
B) Halba rebellion
C) Kol rebellion
D) Santhal rebellion
  • 19. How many linguistic groupings are tribal languages categorized into?
A) Ten
B) Three
C) Seven
D) Five
  • 20. Approximately how many tribal groups are there in India?
A) Less than 100
B) Over 2000
C) More than 700
D) Exactly 500
  • 21. In how many languages is Adivasi literature composed?
A) Exactly 50
B) Exactly 500
C) More than 100
D) Less than 20
  • 22. Who started the Bhil rebellion in Banswara in 1858?
A) Tatya Tope
B) Ramji Gond
C) Birsa Munda
D) Laxman Naik
  • 23. Which of the following is listed as a linguistic grouping for tribal languages?
A) Semitic
B) Austro-Asiatic
C) Romance
D) Slavic
  • 24. When did the Santhal rebellion take place?
A) 1910
B) 1817
C) 1856–57
D) 1776
  • 25. Who is a prominent tribal writer mentioned in the text?
A) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
B) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
C) Temsula Ao
D) Rabindranath Tagore
  • 26. In which district did the Rampa Rebellion of 1922–1924 take place?
A) Khurda
B) Adilabad
C) Visakhapatnam district
D) Banswara
  • 27. The Chuar rebellion took place in which region?
A) Banswara
B) Odisha
C) Bengal
D) Adilabad
  • 28. Which rebellion occurred in 1910?
A) Koli revolt
B) Maria rebellion
C) Bhumkal
D) Kol rebellion
  • 29. Who started the Gond rebellion in Adilabad in 1860?
A) Laxman Naik
B) Bangaru Devi
C) Jantya Bhil
D) Ramji Gond
  • 30. Which of these is a linguistic category for tribal languages?
A) Greek
B) Latin
C) Sino-Tibetan
D) Arabic
  • 31. Who composed the Ramayana and is acknowledged for having Adivasi origins?
A) A Gond Raja
B) Bada Meena
C) Bharmal
D) Valmiki
  • 32. What percentage of India's population do Scheduled Tribes constitute?
A) 90%
B) 1.1%
C) 8.6%
D) 26.2%
  • 33. How are tribal communities designated in Bangladesh?
A) Nomadic tribes
B) Ethnic minority
C) Scheduled Tribes
D) Animist groups
  • 34. Which language group is found in northern Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand?
A) Indo-Aryan
B) Tibeto-Burman
C) Dravidian
D) Munda
  • 35. Which tribe is an example of an Indo-Aryan speaking tribe in the western region?
A) Bhils
B) Gonds
C) Hos
D) Santals
  • 36. What language family dominates the central tribal region covering parts of Chhattisgarh and Odisha?
A) Indo-Aryan
B) Sarnaist
C) Dravidian
D) Tibeto-Burman
  • 37. What is the primary religion followed by Adivasi in Jharkhand?
A) Hinduism
B) Buddhism
C) Christianity
D) Sarnaism
  • 38. What religion do the Chakma and Marma people of the Chittagong Hill Tracts follow?
A) Buddhism
B) Animism
C) Christianity
D) Hinduism
  • 39. What is the main occupation of the Adivasis in Assam?
A) Mining
B) Tea workers
C) Rice farming
D) Nomadic herding
  • 40. What percentage of the total tribal population lives in the tribal belt stretching from Gujarat to West Bengal?
A) More than 90%
B) Around 20%
C) Around 10%
D) Roughly 75%
  • 41. Which group near Bellary, Karnataka, is a large concentration of tribal people?
A) Santals
B) Khasi
C) Boyas/Valmikis
D) Gonds
  • 42. In Bangladesh, which Adivasi group follows Christianity?
A) Tripuri
B) Marma
C) Chakma
D) Khasi
  • 43. What does the term Adivasi literally mean?
A) Forest dweller
B) Beginning inhabitant
C) Ancient ruler
D) Mountain people
  • 44. Which of the following is an alternative term for Adivasi that means 'forest dwellers'?
A) Dravidian
B) Vanavāsi
C) Janjati
D) Dalit
  • 45. In which country are Adivasi officially recognized as 'Ethnic minorities'?
A) Pakistan
B) Nepal
C) Bangladesh
D) Sri Lanka
  • 46. Who chaired the Drafting Committee of the Constitution of India?
A) Ambedkar
B) Jaipal Singh Munda
C) Thakkar Bapa
D) Gandhi
  • 47. Which article of the Indian Constitution defines Scheduled Tribes?
A) Article 107
B) Article 169
C) Article 342
D) Article 366 (25)
  • 48. Which group of people in Sri Lanka are referred to as Adivasi?
A) Indo-Aryans
B) Tea-tribes
C) Dravidians
D) Vedda
  • 49. Which international convention did India refuse to sign, despite having ratified its predecessor?
A) The 1950 Constitutional Accord
B) ILO Convention 107
C) ILO Convention 169
D) UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
  • 50. Where was the term Adivasi initially popularized?
A) North East India
B) West Bengal
C) Kerala
D) Jharkhand
  • 51. Which language family provided ancestry to Adivasi communities?
A) Austroasiatic
B) Arabic
C) Latin
D) Greek
  • 52. Who were the individuals designated by the British to hold legal property rights to land?
A) Zamindars
B) British military generals
C) Adivasi elders
D) Foreign investors only
  • 53. In what year was the colonial presence established on the Andaman Islands?
A) 1857
B) 1947
C) 1832
D) 1789
  • 54. Which rebellion occurred between 1855 and 1856?
A) Bhumij rebellion
B) Munda independence war
C) Santal hul
D) The Great Kol Uprising
  • 55. What kind of migration did economic deprivation trigger among some adivasis?
A) Mass migration to the Americas
B) Return migration to their ancestral lands
C) Internal migrations within India
D) Permanent migration to Europe
  • 56. Which governing body suppressed Adivasi revolts after 1858?
A) The local tribal rajas
B) The East India Company
C) The Indian National Congress
D) The British government
  • 57. How did the adivasi rajas generally view British administrative innovations?
A) Negatively
B) Enthusiastically
C) Positively
D) Indifferently
  • 58. In the 1891 Census of India, how were Adivasi people described?
A) Hill and forest tribe
B) Forest tribe
C) Tribal animist
D) Primitive tribe
  • 59. Which term was used to describe Adivasi in the 1901 Census of India?
A) Forest tribe
B) Animist
C) Tribes
D) Primitive tribe
  • 60. Where are Adivasi people who follow Islam primarily located?
A) Jharkhand
B) Odisha
C) Lakshadweep
D) Madhya Pradesh
  • 61. What is the etymological origin of the word 'animism'?
A) Sanskrit
B) Persian
C) Greek
D) Latin
  • 62. According to the text, what is the core belief of animism?
A) Non-human entities possess a spiritual essence
B) Monistic Vedic worship
C) Worship of Indo-European deities
D) Reincarnation of the soul
  • 63. In what year were Adivasi recorded as 'tribes' in the census?
A) 1931
B) 1911
C) 1921
D) 1941
  • 64. How does the text describe the term 'animism' in an anthropological context?
A) An anthropological construct
B) A formal name for a religion
C) A word used by indigenous people
D) A synonym for Hinduism
  • 65. When are Adivasi in Lakshadweep believed to have embraced Islam?
A) 14th century
B) British period
C) 19th century
D) Post-independence
  • 66. What does the name 'Donyi-Polo' mean?
A) Sun-Moon
B) Holy woods
C) Sacred grove
D) Spirit worship
  • 67. Where are the followers of Donyi-Polo primarily located?
A) Arunachal Pradesh
B) Nilgiri hills
C) Nicobar Islands
D) Central-East India
  • 68. How is the Sarna religion passed down through generations?
A) Written scriptures
B) Digital archives
C) Formal schooling
D) Oral traditions
  • 69. What does the word 'Sarna' mean in the context of the religion?
A) Sacred grove
B) Holy animal
C) Witch doctor
D) Sun deity
  • 70. Where do the Nayaka people live?
A) Nicobar Islands
B) Nilgiri hills
C) Central-East India
D) Arunachal Pradesh
  • 71. Which plant is considered sacred according to the text regarding Adivasi influences on Hinduism?
A) Tulsi
B) Cactus
C) Sunflower
D) Rose
  • 72. Which animal is mentioned as potentially having had totemic importance in Adivasi tribes?
A) Lion
B) Cobra
C) Eagle
D) Tiger
  • 73. Which tree is listed as having sacred status possibly derived from Adivasi culture?
A) Neem
B) Maple
C) Oak
D) Pine
  • 74. What term describes the Nayaka people's lifestyle?
A) Hunter gatherer
B) Sedentary farmers
C) Urban dwellers
D) Nomadic traders
  • 75. Which movement was founded by Sant Gurudev Kalicharan Brahma?
A) Vedic Ritualism
B) Shaivism
C) Brahma Dharma
D) The Kallar Reform Movement
  • 76. Who was the 'Nagam Guru' of the Santal tribes in the 14th century?
A) Kalean Guru (Kalean Murmu)
B) Sant Kalu Dev
C) Sant Kubera
D) Maharshi Matanga
  • 77. What did Bhakta Shabari offer to Shri Rama and Shri Laxmana?
A) Half-eaten ber fruit
B) Dried lotus flowers
C) Water from a stream
D) Swine flesh
  • 78. To which community did Sant Kalu Dev belong?
A) Santal
B) Bodo
C) Kallar
D) Nishadha
  • 79. Who was the guru of Bhakta Shabari?
A) Guru Brahma
B) Maharshi Matanga
C) Sant Kubera
D) Sant Dhira
  • 80. Which temple allows Badu (tribal) priests to bathe and adorn the deity?
A) Brahma Dharma Temple
B) Lingaraja Temple
C) Indraprastha Temple
D) Karppillikkavu Sree Mahadeva Temple
  • 81. What was the occupation of the avatar Kaladutaka (Vaikunthanatha)?
A) Fisherman
B) Kallar (robber)
C) Temple priest
D) Hunter
  • 82. How many followers did Sant Kubera have in his time?
A) 5,000
B) 100,000
C) 20,000
D) 10,000
  • 83. Which sant composed the six Vedangas in beautiful Tamil verse?
A) Sant Kalu Dev
B) Sant Dhudhalinath
C) Sant Tirumangai Alvar
D) Sant Kubera
  • 84. How did the British government perceive Adivasi society compared to caste society?
A) Technologically superior
B) More civilised
C) Equally civilised
D) Less civilised
  • 85. What existed between some Gond and Rajput Rajas prior to the British Raj?
A) Joint military alliances
B) Constant warfare
C) Commercial trade agreements
D) Matrimonial relations
  • 86. How many delegates cast their vote for 'Sari Dhorom' as the religion code at the 2011 conference?
A) 3
B) 14
C) 632
D) 51
  • 87. What was the total number of delegates present at the All India Adivasi Conference in 2011?
A) 1000
B) 750
C) 500
D) 632
  • 88. What is the literacy rate for Scheduled Tribes recorded in 1999–2000?
A) 8.5%
B) 59%
C) 40%
D) 29.6%
  • 89. Where is the Adivasi Academy located?
A) Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
B) Asansol, West Bengal
C) Kohima, Nagaland
D) Tejgadh, Gujarat
  • 90. When was the Adivasi Academy for teaching and preserving languages established?
A) 1991
B) 2011
C) 1999
D) 1961
  • 91. Which agrarian tribe is specifically mentioned as being reluctant to send their children to school?
A) Khasis
B) Nagas
C) Mizos
D) Gonds
  • 92. What is the trend of tribal student dropout rates during school education?
A) Moderate
B) Very high
C) Very low
D) Non-existent
  • 93. What is the literacy rate for tribal males in 1999–2000?
A) 40.6%
B) 59%
C) 37%
D) 13.8%
  • 94. Which campaign in central India were Adivasis victims of due to the Naxalite insurgency?
A) Green Revolution
B) Salwa Judum
C) Forest Protection Drive
D) Tribal Upliftment Scheme
  • 95. How did non-Adivasis often secure the use of reserved forest lands?
A) By signing government contracts
B) By negotiating with tribal elders
C) By bribing local officials
D) By filing land ownership petitions
  • 96. Which group played a significant role in the early education of Northeastern tribes?
A) Government bureaucrats
B) Foreign corporations
C) Missionaries
D) Local merchant guilds
  • 97. What language was taught at most levels in the Northeastern education system by the early 1980s?
A) Assamese
B) Hindi
C) English
D) Sanskrit
  • 98. Who described the economic alienation of Adivasis as a 'systematic failure' in 2009?
A) Indira Gandhi
B) Jawaharlal Nehru
C) Manmohan Singh
D) Atal Bihari Vajpayee
  • 99. Which area is identified as being affected by Naxalite unrest linked to Adivasi exploitation?
A) The Red Corridor
B) The Thar Desert
C) The Indo-Gangetic Plain
D) The Western Ghats
  • 100. Which group in Manipur has cited the lack of ST status as an economic disadvantage?
A) Meena
B) Gujjar
C) Meiteis
D) Bodo
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