A) A cognitive skill that enhances reasoning.
B) A type of psychological disorder.
C) A systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment.
D) An emotional response to stimuli.

A) Overconfidence bias.
B) Anchoring bias.
C) Availability heuristic.
D) Confirmation bias.

A) Overconfidence in one's initial predictions.
B) Being surprised by unpredicted outcomes.
C) Underestimating future uncertainties.
D) Believing that an event was predictable after it has happened.

A) Relying solely on statistical evidence.
B) Understanding that outcomes are independent.
C) Seeing patterns where none exist.
D) Believing that past random events affect future outcomes.

A) Attribute successes to themselves and failures to external factors.
B) Blame others exclusively for their victories.
C) Take equal responsibility for successes and failures.
D) Minimize their own role in results.

A) A clear acknowledgment of randomness in events.
B) Feeling helpless in decision-making scenarios.
C) The belief that one can influence outcomes that are really beyond control.
D) Relying on evidence-based predictions.

A) Calculating probabilities before acting.
B) Relying on statistical data exclusively.
C) Making decisions based on emotions rather than logic.
D) Assessing risks through careful analysis.

A) Confirmation bias.
B) Recency bias.
C) Survivorship bias.
D) Framing effect.

A) Underestimating the time required to complete a task.
B) Improving accuracy through careful planning.
C) Overestimating costs in project planning.
D) Relying on past performance data to predict future tasks.