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Sociology of deviance - Quiz
  • 1. Sociology of deviance is a subfield of sociology that examines behaviors and actions that are considered outside societal norms and standards. It focuses on understanding why certain behaviors are labeled as deviant, how these labels are applied, and the impact of societal reactions on individuals and groups. This field explores the social construction of deviance, the role of power dynamics in defining norms, and the implications of deviant behavior for social control and inequality. Sociologists of deviance seek to challenge and deconstruct conventional ideas about what is considered 'normal' in society, and to understand how these perceptions shape social interactions, institutions, and structures.

    What is the difference between crime and deviance?
A) There is no difference.
B) Deviance refers to behavior that violates social norms, while crime refers to behavior that breaks laws.
C) Deviance is worse than crime.
D) Crime is only committed by certain groups.
  • 2. Which theory suggests that deviance is a result of societal strains and opportunities for deviant behavior?
A) Strain theory.
B) Control theory.
C) Conflict theory.
D) Labeling theory.
  • 3. What is the term for the process by which an individual's status is transformed into a deviant identity?
A) Labeling theory.
B) Anomie theory.
C) Differential association theory.
D) Control theory.
  • 4. What is the term for a theory that suggests individuals conform to social expectations based on their bonds with others and institutions?
A) Conflict theory.
B) Social control theory.
C) Strain theory.
D) Labeling theory.
  • 5. According to social control theory, what is the role of informal social institutions in preventing deviance?
A) They actively promote deviant behavior.
B) They provide social relationships that deter individuals from deviant behavior.
C) They impose harsh punishments on deviant individuals.
D) They have no impact on deviance.
  • 6. What is secondary deviance?
A) Behavior that occurs in response to being labeled as deviant.
B) Less serious deviant acts.
C) Deviance that is accepted by society.
D) Deviance that is officially punishable by law.
  • 7. What role do social norms play in defining deviant behavior?
A) They are only applicable to certain groups.
B) They are irrelevant to deviance.
C) They establish boundaries of acceptable behavior.
D) They encourage all behavior equally.
  • 8. According to the control theory, what prevents individuals from engaging in deviant behavior?
A) Labeling by society.
B) Adherence to rigid rules.
C) Strong social bonds and attachments.
D) Strain and societal pressures.
  • 9. How does the conflict theory view deviance?
A) As a natural human instinct.
B) As a form of social inequality and power dynamics.
C) As a psychological disorder.
D) As a result of societal strains.
  • 10. Which sociological theory views deviance as a normal and necessary part of social organization?
A) Labeling theory
B) Symbolic interaction
C) Conflict theory
D) Structural functionalism
  • 11. Who proposed the normative theory of suicide that includes four important functions of deviance?
A) Émile Durkheim
B) Max Weber
C) Robert Merton
D) Karl Marx
  • 12. Which sociological theory focuses on the interaction and interpretation of symbols in understanding deviance?
A) Structural functionalism
B) Conflict theory
C) Rational choice theory
D) Symbolic interactionism
  • 13. What type of suicide occurs when a person experiences too much social regulation?
A) Fatalistic suicide
B) Altruistic suicide
C) Egoistic suicide
D) Anomic suicide
  • 14. Which type of deviance involves creating new goals and means that differ from those of society?
A) Rebellion
B) Conformism
C) Innovation
D) Ritualism
  • 15. How many types of neutralization are identified in the theory?
A) Three
B) Six
C) Four
D) Five
  • 16. What process do courts rely on to resolve cases?
A) Public voting
B) An adversarial process with plea bargaining
C) Mediation between the defendant and victim
D) Community service assignments
  • 17. Which type of deviance is characterized by rejecting both cultural goals and means, leading individuals to 'drop out'?
A) Innovation
B) Rebellion
C) Retreatism
D) Conformism
  • 18. What is the panopticon an example of, according to Foucault?
A) A method for promoting free will.
B) A model for democratic governance.
C) A template for modern prisons using discipline.
D) An ancient form of punishment.
  • 19. Who utilized the theory of bourgeois control over social junk and social dynamite?
A) Karl Marx
B) Jock Young
C) George Rusche
D) Steven Spitzer
  • 20. What is one factor that influences police decision-making to make an arrest?
A) The time of day the crime occurs
B) The suspect's financial status
C) The weather conditions
D) If the offence is serious
  • 21. Which type of suicide occurs due to a lack of social integration?
A) Altruistic suicide
B) Fatalistic suicide
C) Egoistic suicide
D) Anomic suicide
  • 22. Which type of deviance involves accepting societal goals but rejecting the means to achieve them?
A) Ritualism
B) Retreatism
C) Conformism
D) Innovation
  • 23. According to Karl Marx, what causes conflict and thus deviant behavior among the proletariat?
A) Economic inequality
B) Cultural differences
C) Alienation
D) Lack of education
  • 24. Who was among the first to develop the Theory of Biological Deviance?
A) Charles Darwin
B) Karl Marx
C) Michel Foucault
D) Cesare Lombroso
  • 25. What occurs when one is too socially integrated according to Durkheim?
A) Egoistic suicide
B) Altruistic suicide
C) Anomic suicide
D) Fatalistic suicide
  • 26. What is a disadvantage of resolving most court cases through plea bargaining?
A) It puts less powerful people at a disadvantage
B) It guarantees harsher sentences
C) It increases the cost of legal proceedings
D) It leads to longer trial durations
  • 27. Who developed the concept of primary and secondary deviation?
A) Robert Crutchfield
B) Walter C. Reckless
C) Travis Hirschi
D) Edwin Lemert
  • 28. Which form of justice focuses on defining boundaries of acceptable behaviors?
A) Preventive justice
B) Punitive justice (retribution & deterrence)
C) Rehabilitative justice (rehabilitation & societal protection)
D) Restorative justice
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