A) A mutualistic relationship where both organisms benefit equally. B) A close relationship where the parasite lives on or inside the host, causing it harm. C) An independent relationship with no interaction between the two species. D) A commensal relationship where one organism benefits without affecting the other.
A) Francesco Redi B) Ridley Scott C) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek D) Entomologist E. O. Wilson
A) Hookworms B) The agent of malaria C) Vampire bats D) Mistletoe
A) Parasites only interact with their hosts briefly. B) Parasites are much smaller than their hosts, do not kill them, and often live on or in them for an extended period. C) Parasites are larger than their hosts and typically kill them quickly. D) Parasites and predators both always kill their hosts.
A) Directly transmitted parasitism B) Parasitic castration C) Vector-transmitted parasitism D) Trophically-transmitted parasitism
A) Size difference between parasite and host B) The type of food the parasite consumes C) The speed at which parasites reproduce D) Invasiveness, distinguishing between endoparasites and ectoparasites.
A) By living independently of any host B) By providing benefits to their hosts C) By exploiting hosts for resources necessary for survival, such as feeding on them. D) By avoiding interaction with other species
A) The Aztec Empire B) Ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome C) The Inca Civilization D) Medieval Europe
A) Francesco Redi B) E. O. Wilson C) Jonathan Swift D) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek in 1681
A) Ridley Scott's film Alien B) Leeuwenhoek's scientific observations C) Bram Stoker's 1897 novel Dracula D) Jonathan Swift's 'On Poetry: A Rhapsody'
A) From Latin parasitus directly. B) From Medieval French parasite, from Latinised form parasitus, from Ancient Greek παράσιτος (parasitos). C) From a 19th-century scientific term. D) From English Middle Ages terminology.
A) 1539 B) 1681 C) 1733 D) 1611
A) Indirect B) Facultative C) Direct D) Obligate
A) Protozoans B) Bacteria C) Viruses D) Helminths
A) Vibration B) Light C) Skin odours D) Exhaled carbon dioxide
A) Microparasite B) Facultative endoparasite C) Obligate ectoparasite D) Macroparasite
A) Aphid B) Butterfly C) Scale insect D) Caterpillar
A) Trophically-transmitted parasitism B) Directly transmitted parasitism C) Parasitic castrators D) Vector-transmitted parasitism
A) Toxoplasma B) Sacculina C) Schistosoma D) Ancylostoma
A) Their claws grow larger. B) They develop female secondary sex characteristics. C) They lose their ability to swim. D) They become immune to other parasites.
A) Uniform distribution B) Aggregated distribution C) Continuous distribution D) Random distribution
A) Ascaris lumbricoides B) Schistosoma mansoni C) Zoogonus lasius D) Toxoplasma gondii
A) Serial transmission B) Autoinfection C) Vector-borne infection D) Cross-infection
A) Parasitoidism B) Directly transmitted parasitism C) Parasitic castration D) Trophically-transmitted parasitism
A) Copepods B) Trematodes C) Lice D) Acanthocephalans
A) Vector-transmitted parasitism B) Parasitic castration C) Trophically-transmitted parasitism D) Directly transmitted parasitism
A) Bacteria B) Mites C) Cestodes D) Lice
A) Lyme disease B) Malaria C) Chagas disease D) Toxoplasmosis
A) Leishmania B) Giardia C) Trypanosoma D) Plasmodium
A) Idiobionts B) Koinobionts C) Endoparasites D) Ectoparasites
A) Koinobiont parasitoids B) Ectoparasites C) Idiobiont parasitoids D) Endoparasites
A) Mosquitoes B) Leeches C) Vampire bats D) Lampreys
A) Omnivorous B) Hematophagic C) Carnivorous D) Herbivorous
A) Brood parasitism B) Kleptoparasitism C) Social parasitism D) Hyperparasitism
A) Bacteriophages limiting bacterial infections B) CHV1 virus controlling chestnut blight C) Bombus bohemicus taking over bee hives D) Ant mimicry by Phengaris arion larvae
A) Large blue butterfly, Phengaris arion B) Leeches C) Vampire bats D) Mosquitoes
A) Vectors B) Photosynthesis C) Physical contact D) Fecal–oral route
A) Leeches B) Fleas C) Lampreys D) Mosquitoes
A) Less than 20% B) Exactly 50% C) Over 40% D) About 30%
A) Hiding in dense foliage B) Laying more eggs C) Egg polymorphism D) Building stronger nests
A) Sibling B) Predator C) Thief D) Brother
A) Cowbirds B) Cuckoos C) Whydahs D) Skuas
A) Kleptoparasitism B) Sibling-parasitism C) Brood parasitism D) Sexual parasitism
A) Brood parasitism B) Adelphoparasitism C) Sexual parasitism D) Kleptoparasitism
A) Cuculidae B) Whydahs C) Skuas D) Cowbirds
A) Flowers B) Modified roots called haustoria C) Leaves D) Stems
A) Cuscuta B) Mistletoe C) Species within the Orobanchaceae (broomrapes) D) Striga
A) About 50 species B) About 100 species C) About 4,500 species D) About 10,000 species
A) Saprophytes B) Biotrophs C) Hemibiotrophs D) Necrotrophs
A) Microsporidia B) Armillaria C) Plasmodium D) Ustilago maydis
A) Biotrophs B) Symbionts C) Necrotrophic pathogens D) Hemibiotrophs
A) Biotrophy-necrotrophy switch B) Symbiotic transition C) Host adaptation D) Pathogenic shift
A) Plasmodium B) Armillaria C) Ustilago D) Microsporidia
A) Malaria B) Corn smut C) Amoebic dysentery D) Sleeping sickness
A) Necrotrophs B) Hemibiotrophs C) Microsporidia D) Biotrophs
A) Sleeping sickness B) Malaria C) Amoebic dysentery D) Corn smut
A) Entamoeba B) Trypanosoma C) Plasmodium D) Borrelia
A) Haemophilus influenzae B) Borrelia C) Campylobacter jejuni D) Bacillus anthracis
A) Treponema pallidum B) Borrelia C) Haemophilus influenzae D) Campylobacter jejuni
A) Haemophilus influenzae B) Treponema pallidum C) Bacillus anthracis D) Campylobacter jejuni
A) Animals B) Plants C) Bacteria D) Fungi
A) 300,000 B) 75,000 C) 342 D) 70
A) Velociraptor B) Stegosaurus C) Tyrannosaurus D) Triceratops
A) Flea B) Protozoan C) Bacterium D) Worm
A) Jurassic B) Early Cretaceous C) Permian D) Late Triassic
A) Bacillus subtilis B) Escherichia coli C) Staphylococcus aureus D) Wolbachia
A) Lynn Margulis B) Peter Kropotkin C) Gregor Mendel D) Charles Darwin
A) Symbiogenesis B) Photosynthesis C) Respiration D) Fermentation
A) 5 million years B) At least 30 million years C) 100 million years D) 50,000 years
A) The Darwinian evolution hypothesis B) The Mendelian genetics hypothesis C) The Lamarckian inheritance hypothesis D) The Red Queen hypothesis
A) Toxoplasma gondii B) Cyclosa argenteoalba C) Euhaplorchis californiensis D) Henneguya zschokkei
A) Egrets B) Cats C) Mice D) Killifish
A) Henneguya zschokkei B) Cyclosa argenteoalba C) Toxoplasma gondii D) Euhaplorchis californiensis
A) Ability to reproduce B) The ability to fly C) Ability to hear D) Ability to see
A) Cyclosa argenteoalba B) Henneguya zschokkei C) Euhaplorchis californiensis D) Toxoplasma gondii
A) Lysozyme B) Skin C) Tears D) Antibodies
A) Testosterone B) Sebum C) Hydrochloric acid D) Lysozyme
A) Charles Darwin B) Rachel Carson C) E.O. Wilson D) Robert Poulin
A) The bottom position. B) A middle position. C) The top position. D) They are not depicted in food webs.
A) Avicenna B) Jehan de Brie C) Hippocrates D) Galen
A) Esperienze Intorno alla Generazione degl'Insetti B) De Motu Cordis C) Osservazioni intorno agli animali viventi che si trovano negli animali viventi D) Micrographia
A) Echinococcus granulosus B) Fasciola hepatica C) Giardia lamblia D) Sarcoptes scabiei |