A) Any rational human conduct that violates a criminal law and is subject to punishment B) Any action that is considered immoral C) Any behavior that deviates from social norms D) Any human behavior
A) A social gathering B) Any standard or rule regarding what human beings should or should not think, say, or do under given circumstances C) A legal statute D) A statistical average
A) Criminal behavior B) Legal behavior C) Normal behavior D) Conduct which the people of a group consider so dangerous or embarrassing or irritating that they bring special sanctions to bear against the persons who exhibit it
A) Opportunity to commit a crime B) Motive for a crime C) Criminal conduct specifically, intentional or criminally negligent action or inaction that causes harm D) Criminal intent
A) A criminal intent or a guilty state of mind B) Instrument used in a crime C) Opportunity to commit a crime D) Criminal conduct
A) Justice B) Motive or desire C) Forgiveness D) Understanding
A) The legal system B) The victim's vulnerability C) The time and place of the commission of the crime D) The criminal's background
A) Laws and regulations B) Social norms C) Tools employed by criminals D) Ethical guidelines
A) Crime happens when people grow up in neighborhoods with their own values that go against society’s usual rules B) Crime is a result of genetic predispositions C) Crime is a result of personal choices D) Crime is caused by economic inequality
A) Crime is a result of strong community bonds B) Crime increases in neighborhoods where social institutions like family, school, and community control have broken down C) Crime is a result of strict social control D) Crime decreases in organized communities
A) Crime happens when people achieve society’s goals through legal means B) Crime is a result of personal choices C) Crime is a result of genetic factors D) Crime happens when people cannot achieve society’s goals through legal means, causing pressure or frustration that leads to deviant behavior
A) People become deviant when they resist societal labels B) People become deviant when society labels them negatively, causing the label to shape their identity and future behavior C) Labeling only affects adults D) Labeling has no impact on behavior
A) Crime is a result of societal harmony B) Crime results from power struggles between groups, where dominant groups create laws that control and disadvantage weaker groups C) Crime is a result of individual choices D) Crime results from cooperation between groups
A) Behavior is innate B) All behavior, including criminal acts, is learned and shaped by rewards, punishments, and reactions from others C) Behavior is random D) Behavior is determined by genetics
A) Criminal behavior is not learned B) People learn criminal behavior through genetics C) People learn criminal behavior through observing, interacting with, and imitating others who already engage in crime D) Criminal behavior is only learned in schools
A) People are only influenced by their parents B) People are born criminal C) People become criminal when isolated from others D) People become criminal when exposed to more pro-crime influences than anti-crime influences
A) Criminal behavior is only learned through punishment B) Criminal behavior is random C) Criminal behavior is learned through genetics D) Criminal behavior is learned through rewards and punishments, combining social learning with psychological conditioning processes
A) Offenders are unaware of their actions B) Offenders always obey the law C) Offenders learn techniques to justify or excuse wrongdoing, allowing them to drift between lawful and unlawful behavior D) Offenders always reject societal norms
A) A legal defense B) An organizing device for categorizing large amounts of information into mutually exclusive categories C) A type of punishment D) A criminal motive
A) A serious crime B) A civil dispute C) A moral wrong D) An act or omission that is punishable by special laws
A) A law that applies only to certain people B) A law that is only applied in certain regions C) A statute enacted by congress, penal in character, which is not an amendment of the Revised Penal Code D) A law that is not enforced
A) A traffic violation B) A civil dispute C) A minor violation D) A serious crime. This category includes murder, rape, aggravated assault, robbery, arson, and so on. A felony is an act or omission that is punishable by the Revised Penal Code
A) A federal offense B) An act that is in violation of a simple rule or regulation, a minor violation of the law. It usually refers to those committed by minor offenders such as violations of city or municipal ordinances C) A serious crime D) A moral wrong
A) Financial fraud B) Public disturbances C) Offenses where violence was applied. They are also called acts or crimes against persons D) Traffic violations
A) To seek revenge B) Political reasons C) To express anger D) To bring financial gain to the offender
A) Crimes that have no victims B) Crimes that benefit the public C) Unlawful acts that interfere with the normal operation of society and the ability of people to function efficiently D) Crimes committed in private
A) Evil in itself B) Wrong because it is prohibited C) Good in itself D) Neutral act
A) Morally right B) Evil in itself C) Socially acceptable D) Wrong because it is prohibited
A) Those committed by persons of respectability and of upper socio-economic class in the course of their occupational activities; also referred to as corporate or occupational crime B) Crimes committed against corporations C) Crimes committed by unskilled workers D) Crimes committed in the workplace
A) Crimes committed by police officers B) Those committed by ordinary professional criminals to maintain their livelihood C) Crimes committed by white-collar workers D) Crimes committed in factories
A) Crimes committed by merely duplicating what was done by others; based on the B) Crimes committed by robots C) Crimes committed by animals D) Crimes committed by accident
A) Crimes committed for money B) Crimes committed for political reasons C) Those committed at the height of great emotions D) Crimes committed without thinking
A) Crimes committed through rendition of service to satisfy desire of another B) Crimes committed by government employees C) Crimes committed in the military D) Crimes committed by doctors
A) A crime committed by a government through mass destruction or annihilation of human populations B) A crime against animals C) A crime against property D) A crime against the environment
A) Crimes that occur within a single country B) Crimes that are legal in some countries C) Crimes that are only committed by tourists D) Violations of law that involve more than one country in their planning, execution, e.g. drug trafficking, human trafficking
A) Acts that breach environmental legislation and cause significant harm or risk to the environment and human health B) Crimes committed in national parks C) Crimes committed for environmental activism D) Crimes committed against people
A) Crimes committed in physical spaces B) Crimes committed by government officials C) Crimes that involve computers and networks D) Crimes committed by corporations
A) Criminal activities for ideological purposes; also serious violations of laws that threaten the security or existence of the government B) Crimes committed in political rallies C) Crimes committed during elections D) Crimes committed by politicians
A) Criminals who are mentally ill B) They commit crimes due to impulses of the moment, fit of passion, anger, or spell of extreme jealousy C) Criminals who plan their crimes carefully D) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain
A) Criminals who commit crimes due to drug addiction B) They are those who acted in consonance with deliberate thinking C) Criminals who commit crimes impulsively D) Criminals who commit crimes due to mental illness
A) Their psychic conditions resemble that of a normal individual, except that they identify themselves with criminal prototypes B) Criminals who are highly skilled C) Criminals who are mentally ill D) Criminals who are highly intelligent
A) Criminals who are highly organized B) Criminals who are highly skilled C) Considered to be the lowest form in the criminal career, ordinary criminals engage only in conventional crimes that require limited skill. They lack organization to help them avoid arrest and conviction D) Criminals who commit complex crimes
A) They have high degree of organization to enable them to commit crimes without being detected B) Criminals who are easily caught C) Criminals who commit crimes randomly D) Criminals who are mentally unstable
A) Criminals who are amateurs B) They are highly skilled and able to obtain considerable amount of money without being detected due to organization and contact with professional criminals. They are always able to escape conviction, and they specialize in crimes that require skills C) Criminals who are easily caught D) Criminals who are mentally ill
A) They commit criminal acts as a result of unanticipated circumstances B) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain C) Criminals who plan their crimes carefully D) Criminals who commit crimes intentionally
A) They are not actually criminals but commit crimes due to a given situation; sometimes their criminal activities are intermixed with legitimate activities B) Criminals who commit crimes randomly C) Criminals who commit crimes for fun D) Criminals who are always criminal
A) Criminals who commit crimes for political reasons B) Criminals who commit crimes only once C) They continue to commit criminal acts for diverse reasons due to deficiency of intelligence and lack of self-control D) Criminals who commit crimes rarely
A) They commit crimes in impulsive manner usually due to their aggressive behavior, as shown in crimes of passion, resentment, or revenge B) Criminals who are passive C) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain D) Criminals who commit crimes calmly
A) They commit crimes because they are pushed to inducement, reward, or promise without considering do it, by the consequences. For this, they are called "ulukan." B) Criminals who commit crimes for political reasons C) Criminals who are aggressive D) Criminals who commit crimes independently
A) They are normal in their behavior but mere inadequate and defective in their socialization process B) Criminals who reject social norms C) Criminals D) Criminals who are isolated from society
A) Specific Deterrence B) Retribution C) Rehabilitation D) General Deterrence
A) Enrico Ferri B) Cesare Lombroso C) Jeremy Bentham D) Raffaele Garofalo E.
A) Social Control Theory B) Strain Theory C) Broken Windows Theory D) Labeling Theory
A) Routine Activities Theory B) Rational Choice Theory C) Differential Association Theory D) Anomie Theory
A) Atavism B) Somatotyping C) Symbiosis D) Anomie
A) A Motivated Offender B) Social Bond C) A Suitable Target D) A Capable Guardian
A) Victim Compensation B) Secondary Victimization C) Victim Blaming D) Restorative Justice
A) Blue-collar Crime B) Violent Crime C) Victimless Crime D) White-collar Crime
A) Victim with Minor Guilt B) Victim more Guilty than Offender C) Completely Innocent Victim D) Victim as Guilty as Offender
A) Episodic/Acute Crime B) A person commits a crime not because they planned to, but because they were overwhelmed by a sudden, intense heat of passion or extreme provocation. This is categorized as C) Chronic Crime D) Professional Crime
A) Neo-Classical School B) AClassical School C) Chicago School D) Positivist School
A) Classical School B) Positivist School C) Italian School D) Neo-Classical School
A) Penology B) Criminal Evolution C) Victimogenesis D) Criminogenesis
A) Emile Durkheim B) Sigmund Freud C) Robert Merton D) William Sheldon
A) Social Stigma B) Tertiary Deviance C) Primary Deviance D) Secondary Deviance
A) Only focuses on the laws written in books B) Studies crime as a social phenomenon C) Uses chemistry to analyze blood D) Is applicable only in specific countries.
A) Absolute B) Dynamic C) Nationalistic D) Stable
A) Criminal Etiology B) Sociology of Law C) Penology D) Victimology
A) Social Disorganization Theory B) Strain Theory C) Biological Theory D) Choice Theory
A) Index Crimes B) Crime Rate C) Dark Figure of Crime D) Recidivism
A) Mens Rea B) Actus Reus C) Mala In Se D) Modus Operandi
A) Felony B) Misdemeanor C) Mala In Se D) Mala Prohibita
A) Mens Rea B) Corpus Delicti C) Actus Reus D) Doli Incapax
A) Criminalistics B) Sociology C) Penology D) Criminology
A) Rational Choice Theory B) All of the above C) Free Will Doctrine D) Pleasure-Pain Principle (Hedonism)
A) Conformity B) Retreatism C) Innovation D) Ritualism
A) Social Bond Theory B) Differential Association C) Focal Concerns of the Lower Class D) Labeling Theory
A) General Strain Theory (Agnew) B) Rational Choice Theory C) Neutralization Theory D) Classical Strain Theory
A) Social Learning Theory B) Life Course Theory C) Self-Fulfilling Prophecy D) Social Control/Bond Theory
A) Commitment B) Involvement C) Attachment D) Belief
A) Neuroticism B) Schizophrenia C) Paranoia D) Psychopathy/Antisocial Personality Disorder
A) Id B) Ego C) Alter-Ego D) Superego
A) Biochemical Theory B) Social Ecology C) Evolutionary Criminology D) Psychological Positivism
A) Cognitive Dissonance B) Genetic Predisposition C) bservational Learning (Modeling) D) Operant Conditioning
A) Preconscious B) Superego C) Id D) Ego
A) Denial of Victim B) Denial of Responsibility C) Condemnation of Condemners D) Denial of Injury
A) The Dramatization of Evil B) Decriminalization C) Radical Non-intervention D) Diversion
A) Crime committed by high-ranking officials. B) Crime that is inherently evil. C) . Deviance that occurs after a person accepts a criminal label. D) Initial acts of norm violation that have very little influence on the self-concept
A) Diversion B) Deterrence C) Incapacitation D) Retribution
A) Zone II: Zone in Transition B) Zone III: Workingmen’s Homes C) Zone I: Central Business District D) Zone IV: Residential Zone
A) October B) December C) July D) January
A) Senior Years (65+) B) Middle Age (40-50) C) B. Late Adolescence/Young Adulthood (15-24) D) Childhood (5-10)
A) Littering B) Gambling C) Vagrancy D) Robbery
A) It captures the "Dark Figure of Crime" B) It is more official than police records. C) It only counts crimes that lead to a conviction. D) It is always 100% honest
A) Insanity B) Duress/Compulsion C) Self-defense D) Alibi
A) Anomie B) Stigma C) Anomie D) Atavism
A) Habeas Corpus B) Equal Protection C) Due Process D) Presumption of Innocence
A) Blue Law B) Writ of Amparo C) Bill of Attainder D) Ex Post Facto Law
A) Denial of Responsibility B) Denial of Injury C) Denial of Victim D) Appeal to Higher Loyalties
A) The cruel and arbitrary justice of the 18th century B) Scientific research C) The concept of democracy. D) The use of prisons. |