A) Teeth resist decomposition and extreme heat B) Teeth provide genetic information directly C) Teeth regenerate after severe trauma D) Teeth change shape with age
A) To detect forged fingerprints B) To measure ridge density C) To classify latent prints at crime scenes D) To organize fingerprint cards for retrieval
A) Dental charts contain compulsory genetic markers B) It requires no prior dental records C) Dental features rarely match across victims D) Dentition is highly resistant to post-mortem damage
A) It determines which fingerprints are suitable for database entry B) It identifies Level 3 pore characteristics C) It refines the filing sequence using ridge patterns on index fingers D) It classifies latent prints with insufficient ridge flow
A) To measure body temperature variations post-mortem B) To categorize fingerprints by their whorl values C) To match physical traits when friction ridges are unavailable D) To analyze DNA in partially decomposed bodies
A) It allows automatic destruction of old records B) It ensures standardized filing and efficient retrieval C) It segregates fingerprints by ethnicity and age D) It prevents contamination of fingerprint ink
A) As a loop pattern B) As pattern-indeterminate C) As a whorl pattern D) As an arch pattern
A) Tented arch B) Radial loop C) Composite pattern D) Plain whorl
A) Principle of permanence B) Ridge count principle C) Principle of individuality D) Ridge density standard
A) Ignore minutiae and classify using pattern shape only B) Reject the print based solely on the pattern C) Evaluate minutiae configuration rather than the overall loop pattern D) Convert the loop pattern into a whorl for easier analysis
A) Universality B) Multiplicity C) Permanence D) Divergence
A) They can be considered identical after applying ridge counting B) They originate from different individuals based on Level 3 differences C) They are inconclusive due to lack of Level 1 detail D) They belong to the same individual because ridge endings match
A) Use iodine fuming before rolling B) Cut the finger and discard the skin C) Use rehydration or tissue-builder injection D) Apply magnetic powder
A) Silver nitrate B) Ninhydrin C) Iodine fuming D) Powder dusting
A) Roll the finger faster to limit distortion B) Reduce pressure and allow natural rolling C) Increase pressure to improve contrast D) Use only plain impressions instead of rolled
A) Superglue → black powder → ALS B) Ninhydrin → DFO → silver nitrate as needed C) Powder → cyanoacrylate → magnetic powder D) DFO → ninhydrin → water rinse
A) Gel lifter B) Adhesive tape C) Ink transfer D) Heat transfer sheet
A) Powder converts pores into visible white marks B) The hardened cyanoacrylate surface enhances powder adhesion C) Powder chemically dissolves cyanoacrylate D) Cyanoacrylate prevents any further enhancement
A) Proceed directly to comparison B) Decide whether the print is suitable before moving on C) Skip analysis and ask for supervisor approval D) Immediately declare the print an identification
A) Reprocessing the evidence using different chemicals B) Conducting blind and independent verification C) Reviewing the first examiner’s notes first D) Rejecting the first examiner’s conclusion automatically
A) Composition B) Exposure Value C) Spectral Quality D) Light Intensity
A) Direct Flash B) Off-Camera Flash C) Bounce Flash D) Rear-Curtain Flash
A) Soft blending of edges B) Lower contrast on surfaces C) Increased shadow definition D) Minimal textural visibility
A) Produces softer and more diffused illumination B) Eliminates the need for a tripod C) Uses stronger wattage for sharp detail D) Enhances only reflective surfaces
A) It limits the depth of field range B) It determines the shutter speed accuracy C) It ensures faithful representation of evidence colors D) It avoids lens distortion
A) Improve visual clarity and subject positioning B) Increase flash synchronization C) Ensure realistic color tones D) Prevent overexposure
A) Use a slower shutter speed B) Increase ISO to a higher value C) Narrow the aperture to f/16 D) Reduce ISO to 100
A) Background Neutralization B) Horizontal Composition Rule C) Exaggeration Prevention Rule D) Evidence Size Documentation
A) Wide aperture, auto ISO B) Small aperture, low ISO C) Slow shutter, high ISO D) High ISO, fast shutter
A) Increasing flash power directly at the evidence B) Increasing shutter time using a tripod C) Adjusting lens zoom to crop shadows D) Moving the evidence closer to artificial light
A) Flash reflection is avoided B) Light intensity remains constant C) Scene orientation is established D) Depth of field is minimized
A) Use high ISO to enhance ambient background B) Match the wavelength with white balance settings C) Increase shutter speed to darken fluorescence D) Disable macro mode to avoid magnification
A) Narrow aperture with rear flash B) High ISO and wide aperture C) Slow shutter with diffused lighting D) Low ISO and fast shutter speed
A) Telephoto eliminates shadow accuracy B) Telephoto may distort the color temperature C) Wide-angle removes depth of field D) Wide-angle may alter spatial relationships
A) Memory card slot B) Image sensor C) ISO control D) Lens focusing ring
A) Ultra-wide lens B) Telephoto lens C) Macro lens D) Standard lens
A) Raise ISO and narrow aperture B) Disable autofocus C) Increase shutter speed D) Lower ISO and widen aperture
A) Selecting higher ASA film B) Adjusting lens mount C) Changing film advance lever D) Rotating memory dial
A) May shift color temperature drastically B) May misrepresent the distance between objects C) May remove shadow details entirely D) May increase exposure stability
A) Image sensor malfunctioned B) Shutter curtain failed to synchronize C) Minimum focusing distance exceeded D) Telephoto lenses cannot capture contrast
A) To prevent the need for confirmatory testing B) To allow investigators to bypass the chain of custody C) To guarantee results are reproducible and legally defensible D) To ensure evidence is stored in climate-controlled facilities
A) The popularity of the analytical instrument used B) The financial value of the toxic substance detected C) The interpretation of toxin concentration relative to physiological effects D) The quantity of samples submitted by the investigator
A) Confirmatory tests rely on color changes, while preliminary tests use instrumentation B) Preliminary tests permanently identify a substance, while confirmatory tests only screen C) Preliminary tests are presumptive, while confirmatory tests specifically identify substances D) Preliminary tests require accreditation, while confirmatory tests do not
A) Disregard the sample due to possible contamination B) Conclude immediately that the stain is human blood C) Collect only photographs since the test already confirmed blood D) Perform a confirmatory test, such as a Takayama or Teichmann test
A) Packaging the moist fabric in plastic to prevent air exposure B) Applying heat to accelerate drying before packaging` C) Air-drying the fabric and placing it in a breathable paper container D) Folding the fabric tightly to secure the stain
A) Separating fragments by size and origin before sealing B) Placing fragments into cotton-filled plastic bags to minimize noise C) Cleaning the fragments with water before packaging D) Mixing all fragments from different areas into one container
A) Activated charcoal only B) Sodium bicarbonate infusion C) High-dose vitamin K therapy D) Atropine with pralidoxime (2-PAM)
A) Cyanide inhibits cellular respiration, while carbon monoxide forms carboxyhemoglobin B) Carbon monoxide smells like almonds, while cyanide has no odor C) Cyanide causes cherry-red skin, while carbon monoxide does not D) Carbon monoxide poisoning typically changes blood to greenish color
A) A notarized affidavit B) A personal diary C) A company memo D) A handwritten personal letter
A) Stereomicroscope B) IR lamp C) VSC D) ESDA
A) Paper fiber uniqueness B) Pen pressure inconsistencies C) Chemical erasures or overwritten ink D) The presence of signature tremors
A) It reveals erased or overwritten text using multi-spectral imaging B) It detects the weight of ink residue C) It magnifies handwriting strokes up to 1000x D) It measures paper thickness with high precision
A) The document contains natural handwriting variation B) Ink from different batches or pens was used C) The writer used excessive pressure when signing D) The paper is of inferior quality
A) Natural variation B) Disguised signature C) Freehand imitation D) Forgery through tracing
A) The signature may be simulated B) It is an authentic signature C) Ink used was incompatible D) The writer was in a hurry
A) Line quality analysis B) Individual characteristics C) Natural variation D) Class characteristics
A) The ink was exposed to moisture B) The paper is counterfeit C) The lighting technique was incorrect D) Alteration likely occurred
A) Signature stamp or machine signature B) Typewriter output C) Freehand forgery D) Simulation
A) Habitual writing behavior B) Impairment or loss of motor control C) A natural signature variation D) Possible disguise attempt
A) To observe fatigue in writing B) To obtain a sufficient range of natural variation C) To determine paper density D) To assess quality of ink
A) The writing is genuine B) A mechanical copying method was used C) The writer used two pens intentionally D) The paper absorbed ink unevenly
A) The ink has degraded over time B) The signature is simulated C) The signature is authentic with natural variation D) The writer was under stress
A) The note is genuine but old B) The security thread has naturally faded C) The UV lamp is defective D) It is a hybrid counterfeit using mixed materials
A) The hologram was transferred from a real ID B) The document was damaged by moisture C) The ID is authentic but worn out D) Microprinting is naturally variable
A) Skin conductance B) Pupil dilation C) Eye color D) Blood pressure
A) Length of examination only B) Ambient room temperature only C) Subject’s favorite color D) Examiner skill and experience
A) To determine the subject’s memory capacity B) To establish baseline physiological responses for comparison C) To directly detect lies about the incident D) To confuse the subject and induce errors
A) Only physical factors matter, not psychological B) It has no measurable effect C) Anxiety or fear may exaggerate physiological responses D) It improves the detection of deception automatically
A) In-test phase B) Control phase C) Post-test phase D) Pre-test phase
A) Galvanometer B) Pneumograph C) Cardiograph D) Thermometer
A) Restart the entire test B) Consider the control response valid and relevant response non-deceptive C) Consider the relevant question deceptive D) Ignore both responses
A) Cardio sensor B) Computer software C) Pneumograph D) Galvanometer
A) To directly confirm deception B) To confuse the subject C) To establish baseline physiological responses D) To test memory retention
A) Only using computer software B) By comparing responses to relevant, control, and irrelevant questions C) Only by visual inspection D) By ignoring baseline readings
A) Declare deception immediately B) Re-evaluate data and consider external factors C) Ignore inconsistencies D) Ask more irrelevant questions
A) Ignore the responses and continue B) Conclude deception automatically C) Increase the number of relevant questions D) Consider possible countermeasures or medical conditions affecting accuracy
A) Subject’s baseline responses are high, making relevant responses less conclusive B) Subject is definitely truthful C) Subject is likely deceptive D) Examiner should add more control questions
A) Predict subject’s future behavior B) Measure subject’s memory accuracy C) Analyze physiological deviation and detect deception D) Determine the subject’s emotional intelligence
A) Caliper B) Ballistic chronograph C) Comparison microscope D) Rifling gauge
A) It prevents contamination of evidence B) It identifies the firearm used C) It ensures visual documentation of position and condition D) It helps in measuring rifling impressions
A) Testing the firearm immediately B) Photographing the suspect C) Documenting every transfer and storage of evidence D) Comparing bullets in the laboratory
A) To demonstrate internal ballistics to the jury B) To determine the shooter’s intent C) To show expert’s opinion without physical exhibits D) To illustrate the relationship between firearms, bullets, and cartridge cases
A) To document cartridge case markings B) To identify firearm serial numbers C) To measure bullet speed and trajectory D) To compare rifling impressions
A) Testing bullets in front of the jury B) Removing all ammunition and rendering it safe C) Loading the firearm to demonstrate firing D) Disassembling the firearm in open court
A) Individual characteristics B) Class characteristics C) Internal ballistics D) Terminal ballistics
A) Shotgun B) Rifle C) Machine gun D) Handgun
A) Cartridge case B) Primer C) Firing pin D) Bullet
A) Internal ballistics B) External ballistics C) Forensic ballistics D) Terminal ballistics
A) Class characteristics B) Ammunition design C) Internal ballistics D) Individual characteristics
A) Terminal ballistics B) External ballistics C) Class characteristics D) Individual characteristics
A) External ballistics B) Forensic ballistics C) Internal ballistics D) Terminal ballistics
A) External ballistics B) Terminal ballistics C) Firearm classification D) Internal ballistics
A) Primer B) Cartridge case C) Gunpowder D) Bullet
A) Determining class characteristics B) Evaluating firearm classification C) Establishing individual characteristics D) Assessing external ballistics
A) Remove ammunition and secure the firearm B) Keep it loaded while packaging C) Test fire before collection D) Hand it to anyone nearby
A) To determine firearm make and model B) To measure bullet velocity accurately C) To assess terminal ballistics D) To maintain chain of custody and avoid confusion
A) To prevent corrosion and preserve markings B) To test them before court C) To analyze gunpowder separately D) To load them for demonstration
A) Polishing them for clarity B) Keeping them in open air C) Cleaning them immediately D) Wearing gloves and using appropriate packaging
A) Organize the report systematically, include all findings, and provide clear interpretations. B) Use highly technical language throughout to demonstrate expertise. C) Include only results that support the prosecution’s case to simplify reading. D) Limit technical explanations to avoid confusing the court.
A) Evacuate the laboratory and leave the spill unattended. B) Contain and clean the spill following the laboratory’s spill protocol while wearing proper PPE. C) Continue the experiment and report the spill after finishing. D) Call security personnel to remove the chemical immediately. |