A) NBI has exclusive power over cybercrime investigations. B) BI possesses specialized forensic and cyber-investigation capability needed for transnational cases. C) PDEA is limited to drug rehabilitation programs. D) PNP is constitutionally barred from drug enforcement
A) Establishing community patrol visibility to deter crime. B) Prosecuting accused individuals. C) Arresting suspects after a robbery D) Conducting custodial interrogation.
A) Non-delegation of powers B) Inter-agency collaboration and operational efficiency C) Absolute independence of agencies D) Jurisdictional supremacy
A) Negligence in preventive regulatory enforcement B) Overstepping PNP jurisdiction C) Procedural delay in criminal prosecution D) Failure in community policing
A) PNP investigates graft, while NBI handles only barangay crimes. B) PNP handles general law enforcement, while NBI focuses on technical, complex, and high-profile investigations. C) PNP enforces all laws nationwide, while NBI investigates only corruption cases. D) PNP manages prosecutions, while NBI supervises corrections.
A) It applies only in NBI laboratories, not in PNP operations. B) It gives judges discretion to disregard rules of evidence. C) It ensures that evidence integrity is preserved for admissibility in court. D) It allows evidence to be freely transferred between agencies.
A) It provides admissible forensic evidence supporting prosecution. B) It allows BFP to automatically prosecute the offender. C) It replaces the need for police investigation D) It grants the BFP jurisdiction over sentencing.
A) Theft in a barangay sari-sari store B) Traffic violations along EDSA C) Syndicated estafa involving high-ranking officials and foreign entities D) Barangay disturbance between neighbors
A) Proportionality in sentencing B) Separation of powers C) Due process and proper jurisdictional mandate D) Judicial independence
A) Enforcing fire safety codes and conducting inspections B) Arresting suspects in arson cases C) Investigating graft and corruption cases D) Prohibiting building permits
A) Mandate over international law enforcement B) Exclusive power over anti-drug operations C) Superior cyber-investigation facilities D) Broader barangay presence and patrol-based deterrence
A) Separation of powers B) Redundancy and lack of inter-agency coordination C) Collaborative governance D) Chain of custody
A) Evidence may be excluded, weakening prosecution. B) The suspect is automatically acquitted. C) BFP conducts secondary investigation. D) PDEA assumes jurisdiction.
A) It prevents further police intervention. B) It provides legal representation for suspects. C) It adjudicates liability of building owners. D) It conducts forensic analysis necessary for criminal liability determination.
A) BFP B) PDEA C) NBI D) DOJ
A) Unity of command B) Procedural redundancy C) Overstepping of authority D) Collaborative governance and complementarity of mandates
A) Their widespread presence allows immediate response and preventive policing. B) They provide legal defense for the accused. C) They control the courts. D) They supervise prison corrections.
A) Fire suppression capability B) Nationwide precinct deployment C) Barangay patrol assistance D) Forensic and technical divisions specializing in advanced evidence analysis
A) Evidence handling and prosecution are compromised. B) Media coverage is reduced. C) BFP assumes jurisdiction. D) Automatic conviction of suspects.
A) It prosecutes arsonists directly on behalf of barangays B) Its enforcement of fire codes prevents disasters that could escalate into criminal negligence affecting communities. C) It supervises barangay elections. D) It eliminates LGU functions during calamities.
A) Integrity of judicial process B) Legality of arrest and personal liberty C) Efficiency of case disposal D) Prosecutorial discretion
A) Police officers lack training in evidence handling B) Delegation violates separation of powers C) Probable cause is a quasi-judicial function reserved for prosecutors D) Courts do not trust police testimony
A) To ensure cases are filed quickly B) To protect prosecutors from liability C) To avoid filing cases based on illegal arrests, which could later be quashed D) To reduce the workload of judges
A) It strengthens police credibility B) It expedites justice delivery C) It undermines the rights of the accused and clogs court dockets D) Courts will automatically convict
A) To shift responsibility to defense counsel B) To shorten the prosecutor’s workload C) To delay filing of cases until evidence is complete D) To comply with due process and ensure a balanced evaluation of evidence
A) Release the suspect immediately B) File the appropriate information in court without preliminary investigation C) Refer the case to the DOJ Secretary D) Wait for the suspect’s motion for bail
A) Still establish probable cause based on the totality of evidenc B) Require additional police affidavits only C) Dismiss the case outright D) Defer to the judge for determination
A) Police authority in law enforcement B) Legislative intent C) Judicial discretion D) Prosecutorial independence
A) Filing a case despite no prima facie evidence to avoid criticism B) Automatically endorsing all complaints to the DOJ Secretary C) Leaving evidence evaluation to the judge D) Dismissing a complaint due to insufficient probable cause
A) Acquittal or dismissal due to exclusionary rule B) Automatic appeal to DOJ C) Mistrial D) Conviction due to presumption of regularity
A) They determine which cases merit judicial trial through preliminary investigation B) They decide on guilt or innocence C) They approve police promotions D) They supervise correctional facilities
A) Suspend proceedings until further evidence is gathered B) File the case anyway and let the court decide C) Order the suspect’s immediate release D) Endorse the case to the Ombudsman
A) The Constitution requires independent and impartial evaluation of evidence B) Police may exaggerate findings C) Courts demand police neutrality D) DOJ circulars prohibit it
A) By conducting speedy trials B) By dismissing all weak cases regardless of evidence C) By ensuring probable cause exists before a person is haled into court D) By automatically recommending bail
A) Inquest is conducted only after conviction B) Inquest determines validity of warrantless arrests, while preliminary C) Both serve only as police procedures D) Inquest is optional, while preliminary investigation is mandatory
A) Right to free counsel B) Right against double jeopardy C) Right to equal protection D) Right to speedy disposition of cases
A) The case will automatically be dismissed B) The case proceeds unaffected C) Accused may question the prosecutor’s action via certiorari for denial of due process D) Evidence will be considered waived
A) Res judicata B) Inquisitorial principle C) Adversarial principle D) Probable cause requirement
A) Proof beyond reasonable doubt B) Mere suspicion or belief C) Substantial evidence D) Such evidence as would lead a reasonably prudent person to believe a crime was committed
A) Right to due process B) Right to equal protection of the laws C) Right to bail D) Right against double jeopardy
A) It exercises appellate jurisdiction and has the power of judicial review over all lower courts. B) It only hears cases endorsed by the President. C) It directly hears all cases filed by the public without restriction D) It primarily serves as a trial court for criminal cases.
A) To allow parties to skip lower courts for faster results. B) To limit the number of lawyers who can appear in trial courts. C) To ensure orderly administration of justice and prevent forum shopping. D) To expand the power of barangay courts.
A) Municipal Trial Court (MTC) B) Sandiganbayan C) Regional Trial Court (RTC) D) Court of Appeals
A) Both share identical jurisdictions. B) Both A and C C) RTCs only handle barangay-level disputes, while Sandiganbayan hears all national cases. D) Sandiganbayan handles cases involving public officials, while RTCs handle general criminal and civil cases.
A) Petitions should generally be filed in the lowest court with concurrent jurisdiction. B) Petitions must always be filed first in the Supreme Court. C) Parties are free to choose any court. D) Petitions must always be filed first in the Supreme Court.
A) Graft and corruption by a provincial governor B) Family disputes involving annulment. C) Cybercrime by a private company. D) Estafa committed by a private individual.
A) Principle of Judicial Hierarchy B) Principle of Judicial Economy C) Principle of Judicial Activism D) Principle of Collegiality
A) Municipal Trial Court B) Regional Trial Court C) Court of Appeals D) Supreme Court
A) It enforces laws passed by Congress. B) It serves as the first-level trial court for minor offenses. C) It acts as an appellate court reviewing decisions of RTCs and quasi-judicial agencies. D) It directly tries barangay disputes.
A) Court of Appeals B) Municipal Trial Court C) Sandiganbayan D) Regional Trial Court
A) They try less serious offenses and small claims to decongest higher courts. B) They have the same power as the Supreme Court. C) They handle the heaviest caseload in the system. D) They serve as administrative bodies only.
A) Violation of traffic rules B) Barangay conciliation disputes C) Murder D) Theft involving ₱5,000
A) Doctrine of Hierarchy of Courts B) Doctrine of Stare Decisis C) Doctrine of Judicial Restraint D) Doctrine of Judicial Review
A) Because it hears all appeals from the RTC. B) Because it handles marriage annulments. C) Because it focuses on crimes involving graft and corruption by public officials. D) Because it handles electoral disputes.
A) When an MTC judge is absent. B) When the RTC is unavailable due to vacancy. C) When barangay officials decline to mediate. D) When there are novel constitutional issues of transcendental importance.
A) The Court of Appeals has no appellate power at all. B) The Court of Appeals acts as an intermediate appellate body whose decisions are reviewable by the Supreme Court. C) The Supreme Court directly supervises case raffling in the Court of Appeals. D) The Supreme Court can only review CA cases involving traffic violations.
A) Elevating a CA decision to the Supreme Court for review. B) Appealing an RTC decision to the Court of Appeals. C) Filing a petition for certiorari directly with the Supreme Court despite available remedies in the Court of Appeals. D) Filing a small claims case in an MTC.
A) All graft cases committed in Muslim areas B) All cases in Mindanao C) Criminal cases involving Muslims D) Civil cases relating to marriage, divorce, and inheritance among Muslims
A) Court of Appeals B) Sandiganbayan C) Supreme Court D) Regional Trial Court
A) Municipal Trial Court B) Regional Trial Court C) Sandiganbayan D) Court of Appeals
A) Expediency B) Retribution C) Human rights protection D) Administrative convenience
A) Size of facilities B) Nature of detainees’ custody C) Geographic scope D) Jurisdictional funding
A) To punish detainees further B) To delay enforcement of judgment C) To assign custody to the proper agency D) To reduce congestion only
A) Maintaining jails B) Issuing warrants C) Reformation programs D) Crime investigation
A) Right to property B) Right to bail C) Right against cruel punishment D) Right to speedy trial
A) Jurisdictional custody B) Judicial oversight C) Prosecutorial lapse D) Administrative error
A) Reduce costs B) Punish more severely C) Manage risks and rehabilitation D) Delay reintegration
A) Geographic scope B) Funding allocation C) Political mandate D) Distinction between local jails and national prisons
A) Handling warrants B) Administrative budgeting C) Managing short-term detainees D) Lack of rehabilitation for long-term detainees
A) They provide employment to jail staff B) They replace judicial proceedings C) They reduce jail congestion D) They reduce recidivism
A) Corrections B) Prosecution C) Law enforcement D) Judiciary
A) National classification B) Excessive budgets C) Overcrowding D) Political interference
A) Sentencing B) Prosecutorial support C) Judicial oversight D) Humanitarian function of jails
A) BJMP manages parolee monitoring B) Courts automatically release parolees C) Prisoners eligible for release are under BuCor custody D) Prosecutors direct parole decisions
A) To ensure proper transfer of custody B) To delay transfer of convicts C) To punish detainees twice D) To increase BJMP budget
A) Isolation B) Retribution C) Reformation D) Deterrence
A) Drafting laws B) Safeguarding detainees’ right to attend trial C) Issuing arrest warrants D) Conducting criminal investigations
A) Professionalization and rehabilitation B) Political independence C) Privatization D) Expansion of local jails
A) Faster reintegration B) Judicial appeals C) Violence and security breaches D) Higher operational costs
A) Overcrowding B) Geographic limitation C) Lack of judicial authority D) Duplication of parole power
A) They both prosecute criminal cases B) They both adjudicate disputes C) They both issue arrest warrants D) They divide custody between temporary detention and long-term imprisonment
A) Post-release monitoring and livelihood suppor B) Issuing criminal warrants C) Supervising prosecutors D) Managing trial schedules
A) DOJ lacks authority B) Court orders override rules C) BJMP handles sentences below 3 years D) BuCor refuses custody
A) Ensure longer detention B) Increase judicial backlog C) Facilitate rehabilitation and reintegration D) Reduce state expenses
A) BuCor has exclusive authority B) BJMP lacks resources C) Courts control BJMP D) Detainees are presumed innocent
A) It prevents overburdening of higher courts by routing cases first to proper trial B) It ensures that all courts have equal power. C) It allows parties to choose the fastest court. D) It abolishes trial courts in favor of the Supreme Court.
A) To directly handle barangay disputes. B) To ensure flexibility in resolving cases of national significance. C) To reduce the power of trial courts. D) To avoid the Court of Appeals’ role.
A) Jurisdiction of a court depends only on the agreement of the parties B) Courts may expand their own jurisdiction when necessary. C) Jurisdiction is strictly defined by statute and cannot be assumed at will D) Jurisdiction can be granted by barangay officials.
A) An annulment case filed before the Sandiganbayan. B) A murder case filed before the RTC. C) A small claims case exceeding ₱1,000,000 filed before the MTC. D) A graft case against a mayor filed before the MTC.
A) They exercise only appellate functions. B) They determine guilt or innocence based on evidence presented C) They create laws for implementation. D) They act as advisory bodies to the President.
A) Implementing the National Anti-Drug Plan of Action and leading drug enforcement policy B) Handling cybercrimes independently C) Managing correctional rehabilitation centers D) Supervising barangay justice systems
A) To reduce agency manpower B) To replace judicial oversight C) To create uniform operational knowledge and enhance coordination in joint operations D) To centralize all powers in one body
A) Judges’ impartiality B) Possible recurring lapses in evidence handling and procedure C) Lack of PDEA authority D) Influence of the suspects
A) It rehabilitates offenders. B) It determines guilt or innocence. C) It enforces the law, gathers evidence, and initiates case build-up for prosecution. D) It supervises post-conviction reintegration.
A) Failure in custodial investigation B) Failure of preventive function leading to potential criminal negligence C) Overstepping PNP jurisdiction D) Procedural redundancy
A) Judicial trial is conducted only by prosecutors B) Preliminary investigation already decides guilt or innocence C) Preliminary investigation is inquisitorial, focusing only on existence of probable cause D) Preliminary investigation requires proof beyond reasonable doubt
A) It centralizes police power in the DOJ B) It allows judges to review every complaint C) It relieves prosecutors of accountability D) It ensures national consistency and prevents abuse of discretion
A) Filing a case without verifying legality of arrest B) Ordering release due to lack of evidence C) Referring the case to higher prosecutors for review D) Dismissing a case due to absence of probable cause
A) Police may refile the same case without additional evidence B) Court may still conduct trial C) Case is automatically filed in court D) Respondent cannot be charged unless reversed on review
A) They determine penalties imposed by courts B) They balance the rights of the State to prosecute and the rights of the accused to due process C) They lead all criminal investigations D) They ensure all police cases proceed to trial |