CLJ 4,5&6 (Wadab,2025) - Quiz
  • 1. A foreign diplomat secretly gathers military information in the Philippines and sends it to his country, which is preparing for war. What crime is MOST appropriate?
A) Coup d'etat
B) Inciting to War
C) Espionage
D) Conspiracy to Commit Treason
  • 2. Treason requires adherence to the enemy. In analyzing the conduct of a Filipino nurse who treats wounded foreign soldiers invading the Philippines, which factor determines liability?
A) Whether she is a civilian
B) Whether she wore a uniform
C) Whether she was paid
D) Whether she acted voluntarily
  • 3. A news blogger criticizes the government, claiming it is “authoritarian,” but provides factual sources. Is this inciting to sedition?
A) Yes, because it undermines authority
B) Yes, because criticism equals sedition
C) No, because it lacks seditious intent
D) No, because bloggers are exempt
  • 4. Police officers arrest a man without warrant simply because he “looks suspicious.” Which right is primarily violated?
A) Freedom of movement
B) Freedom of speech
C) Right against unreasonable seizures
D) Right to privacy
  • 5. A mayor orders security personnel to block a critic from entering the city hall. Which crime applies?
A) Grave coercion
B) Illegal arrest
C) Violation of domicile
D) Arbitrary Detention
  • 6. A group attempts to seize a municipal hall using stolen firearms but fails. What crime?
A) Sedition
B) Inciting to rebellion
C) Coup d'etat
D) Rebellion
  • 7. You evaluate whether a private citizen who participated in rebellion as a medic is criminally liable. Which principle applies?
    A. Immunity of non-combatants
A) Absorption doctrine
B) Proximate cause
C) Indeterminate sentence kaw
D) Immunity of non-combatants
  • 8. A kidnapping victim voluntarily goes with the offender due to fear from a previous threat. Is kidnapping committed?
A) Yes, intimidation still constitutes deprivation
B) No, because she went voluntarily
C) No, because the threat was past
D) Yes, but only grave coercion
  • 9. A soldier arrests a civilian for a crime that has not yet been committed but may occur later. This is:
A) Abuse of authority
B) Arbitrary detention
C) Unlawful arrest
D) Illegal arrest
  • 10. Which action MOST seriously threatens national security?
A) Leaking military troop movements
B) Refusing to pay taxes
C) Skipping mandatory civic duties
D) Sharing memes criticizing government
  • 11. To prevent sedition in campuses, which measure is MOST constitutionally acceptable?
A) Mandatory reporting of dissenters
B) Establishing civic education programs
C) Surveillance of all student organizations
D) Total ban on political groups
  • 12. A journalist reveals classified information exposing corruption. Government charges him with espionage. Which element is missing?
A) Public interest
B) Intent to aid a foreign power
C) Possession of information
D) Actual publication
  • 13. A husband strikes his wife during an argument causing slight injuries. What determines if parricide applies?
A) Relationship
B) Severity of injuries
C) Weapon used
D) Degree of provocation
  • 14. A student pushes a classmate down the stairs during a prank, causing death. What crime?
A) Reckless imprudence resulting to homicide
B) Murded
C) Homicide
D) Parricide
  • 15. A store owner shoots a thief who is running away with a stolen phone. Is defense of property valid?
A) No, aggression had ended
B) Yes, because firearm was licensed
C) Yes, the thief committed a crime
D) Yes, because the item is valuable
  • 16. A person sets fire to the house to kill the occupants. What qualifying circumstance applies?
A) Price or reward
B) Treachery
C) Abuse of superiority
D) By means of fire
  • 17. A rapist threatens the victim’s mother to force the victim to submit. Which element of rape is present?
A) By taking advantage of relationship
B) By force or intimidation
C) By fraudulent machination
D) By grave abuse of authority
  • 18. Which scenario BEST qualifies as grave coercion?
A) Asking someone to run errands
B) Warning a friend to stop wrongdoing
C) Forcing someone to join a gang
D) Yelling at an employee
  • 19. A child finds a cellphone and sells it. What crime?
A) Theft
B) Fencing
C) Estafa
D) None if no intent to gain
  • 20. A person honestly believes a borrowed item was gifted to him and sells it. Which principle negates estafa?
A) Mistake of fact
B) Mitigating circumstance
C) Proximate cause
D) Good faith
  • 21. Which is the BEST indicator of murder rather than homicide?
A) Public scandal
B) Use of firearm
C) Presence of qualifying circumstances
D) Lack of provocation
  • 22. A mother abandons her newborn in a safe location intending someone to rescue the child. Crime?
A) Child abuse
B) Abandonment of minor
C) Parricide
D) Infanticide
  • 23. A landlord breaks the tenant’s door at night to demand unpaid rent. Which crime applies?
A) Robbery
B) Physical injury
C) Trespass to dwelling
D) Coercion
  • 24. Which act constitutes slander by deed?
A) False accusation
B) Posting defamatory content
C) Throwing mud at someone publicly
D) Online insult
  • 25. A driver jumps a red light and injures a pedestrian. Crime committed?
A) Malicious mischief
B) Direct physical injuries
C) Attempted homicide
D) Reckless imprudence resulting in physical injuries
  • 26. Which preventive policy BEST reduces quasi-offenses?
A) Stricter punishment
B) More prisons
C) Increased police visibility
D) Public education on negligence
  • 27. A pickpocket steals a wallet using slight force but does not intimidate the victim. Crime?
A) Theft
B) Robbery
C) Qualified theft
D) coercion
  • 28. Which situation BEST illustrates unjust vexation?
A) Destroying property
B) Physical evidence
C) Threats
D) Annoying acts without serious harm
  • 29. A man marries two women under different identities. Crime?
A) concubinage
B) Illegal marriage
C) bigamy
D) Adultery
  • 30. A professional spreads false claims about a colleague's incompetence. Crime?
A) Slander by deed
B) Libel
C) Intriguing against honor
D) Oral defamation
  • 31. A person modifies a gun without license. Violation?
A) RA 9208
B) RA 10883
C) RA 9165
D) RA 10591
  • 32. Which act shows trafficking rather than simple illegal recruitment?
A) Recruitment with exploitation
B) Failure to provide employment
C) Transporting a worker without contract
D) Recruiting minors for work abroad
  • 33. Which best qualifies as carnapping under RA 10883?
A) Stealing a car parked on the street
B) Borrowing a car and returning it late
C) Using a stolen motorcycle unknowingly
D) Forced taking of a tricycle
  • 34. Someone buys jewelry knowing it was stolen. Crime?
A) Fencing
B) Theft
C) Robbery
D) Estafa
  • 35. A hazing results in injuries but no death. Which law applies?
A) RA 9160
B) RA 8049
C) RA 10591
D) RA 10175
  • 36. Which act MOST clearly constitutes cyber-libel?
A) Unintentional sharing of wrong info
B) Posting false defamatory claims
C) Sharing a meme
D) Posting criticism online
  • 37. A witness testifies about what another person told him. Court evaluates admissibility under:
A) Hearsay rule
B) Best evidence rule
C) Opinion rule
D) Parol evidence rule
  • 38. A broken knife found at the crime scene is offered. This is:
A) Real evidence
B) Documentary evidence
C) Testimonial evidence
D) Secondary evidence
  • 39. Which evidence carries the MOST weight?
A) Eyewitness under stress
B) Hearsay with exception
C) Rumors
D) CCTV clear footage
  • 40. A contract photocopy is presented because the original burned in a fire. Admissible?
A) Yes, as secondary evidence
B) Yes, as real evidence
C) No, requires expert testimony
D) Never
  • 41. Burden of proof in criminal cases is on the:
A) Accused
B) Court
C) defense
D) Prosecution
  • 42. Which is the STRONGEST circumstantial evidence?
A) Presence near crime scene
B) Motive alone
C) Opportunity and weapon possession
D) Suspect's silence
  • 43. A dying victim identifies the attacker. This is allowed because:
A) Part of res gestae
B) Verbal act rule
C) Dying declaration exception
D) Best evidence rule
  • 44. A text message screenshot is offered. Court must first determine:
A) All of the above
B) reliability
C) authorship
D) relevance
  • 45. Which illustrates improper opinion testimony?
A) Lay witness giving medical opinion
B) Expert on digital forensics testifying about devices
C) Lay witness identifying someone
D) Expert analyzing blood
  • 46. A confession made after 12 hours without counsel is:
A) Inadmissible
B) Voluntary
C) Secondary evidence
D) Admissible
  • 47. Document signed using thumbmark must be authenticated by:
A) Subscribing witness
B) Court clerk
C) Any witness
D) Notary
  • 48. Which scenario makes evidence inadmissible?
A) Obtained without warrant and not an exception
B) Given under subpoena
C) Voluntarily given by accused
D) Discovered accidentally
  • 49. Fingerprints lifted from the scene are:
A) Demonstrative evidence
B) Documentary evidence
C) Testimonial evidence
D) Real evidence
  • 50. A witness saw the accused only briefly at night. Reliability depends on:
A) Lawyer's objections
B) Judge's impression
C) Age of witness
D) Lighting conditions
  • 51. Which is MOST persuasive in a rape case?
A) Victim's delay reporting
B) Rumors
C) Victims's prompt complaint
D) Anonymous tip
  • 52. What presumption applies if a mailed letter is shown properly addressed and stamped?
A) Presumption of regularity
B) Presumption of delivery
C) Presumption of fraud
D) Presumption of innocence
  • 53. A police officer testifies about the steps taken in handling evidence. This refers to:
A) Impeachment
B) Opinion testimony
C) Burden of proof
D) Chain of custody
  • 54. Counsel objects to testimony after question answered. Ruling?
A) Waived
B) Admissible
C) Stricken off
D) Sustained
  • 55. Evidence must be objected to:
A) After cross-examination
B) Anytime
C) At closing arguments
D) Before answer is given
  • 56. Which evidence is sufficient for conviction?
A) Proof beyond reasonable doubt
B) Belief of judge
C) Preponderance of evidence
D) Reasonable suspicion
  • 57. If evidence is irrelevant but material, what is the court likely to do?
A) Defer
B) Admit
C) Reject
D) Modify
  • 58. A diagram illustrating bullet trajectory is:
A) Testimonial evidence
B) Documentary evidence
C) Real evidence
D) Demonstrative evidence
  • 59. Court evaluates witness credibility based on:
A) Consistency
B) All of the above
C) Demeanor
D) Probability
  • 60. Case is dismissed due to lack of evidence. Failure relates to:
A) Admissibility
B) Sufficiency
C) Burden of proof
D) Weight of evidence
  • 61. A child witness hesitates but remains consistent. Weight?
A) Inadmissible
B) Strong
C) Weak
D) Neutral
  • 62. Which factor MOST affects reliability of DNA evidence?
A) Age of suspect
B) Chain of custody integrity
C) Length of trial
D) Type of crime
  • 63. Which court has jurisdiction over cases punishable by more than 6 years?
A) RTC
B) Court of Appeals
C) Sandiganbayan
D) MTC
  • 64. A complaint-affidavit lacking certification against forum shopping results in:
A) Cure by amendmend
B) No effect
C) Nullity
D) Automatic dismissal
  • 65. Which most affects venue in criminal cases?
A) Place of commission
B) Residence of accused
C) Judge preference
D) Police recommendation
  • 66. During preliminary investigation, respondent refuses to file counter-affidavit. Consequence?
A) Suspension of PI
B) Automatic acquittal
C) Waiver of right
D) Case dismissed
  • 67. Trial begins after:
A) Filing complaint
B) Arraignment
C) Arrest
D) Preliminary investigation
  • 68. Evidence presented after termination of trial is allowed only if:
A) Prosecution insist
B) Judge allows in interest of justice
C) Defense agrees
D) Witness appears late
  • 69. Sandiganbayan jurisdiction depends primarily on:
A) Position of accused
B) Amount involved
C) Number of victims
D) Location of offense
  • 70. To reduce clogged dockets, which procedural reform is MOST effective?
A) Mandatory plea bargaining
B) Requiring longer trials
C) Limiting caseloads
D) More judges
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