Atlantic puffin - Quiz
Atlantic puffin
  • 1. What is the primary component of the Atlantic puffin's diet?
A) Polychaete worms
B) Molluscs
C) Shrimp
D) Fish
  • 2. How do Atlantic puffins swim underwater while fishing?
A) They use their semi-extended wings as paddles and feet as a rudder.
B) They flap their wings rapidly.
C) They rely on currents to carry them.
D) They use only their feet for propulsion.
  • 3. What is the typical length of fish that Atlantic puffins commonly consume?
A) 18 cm (7 in)
B) 5 cm (2 in)
C) Around 7 cm (3 in) long
D) 12 cm (5 in)
  • 4. How do Atlantic puffins cope with the excess salt from their diet?
A) Through their kidneys and specialised salt glands in their nostrils.
B) By drinking fresh water.
C) By regurgitating it.
D) By excreting it through their feet.
  • 5. Where do Atlantic puffins usually return to breed?
A) To the colony where they were hatched.
B) Randomly across different islands.
C) To the nearest human settlement.
D) To a completely new location each year.
  • 6. What behavior do Atlantic puffins exhibit when approaching their nesting colony?
A) They dive into the water.
B) They fly directly to a burrow entrance.
C) They land immediately upon arrival.
D) They make several circuits before alighting.
  • 7. How do Atlantic puffins show dominance?
A) By staying silent.
B) By swimming away.
C) By lowering their heads.
D) With an upright stance, fluffed chest feathers, and a cocked tail.
  • 8. What is the typical size of an Atlantic puffin egg?
A) 50 mm long by 30 mm wide, weighing about 40 g.
B) 55 mm long by 35 mm wide, weighing about 50 g.
C) 61 mm long by 42 mm wide, weighing about 62 g.
D) 70 mm long by 45 mm wide, weighing about 80 g.
  • 9. How do Atlantic puffins feed their chicks initially?
A) Feeding them pre-digested food.
B) Beak-to-beak feeding.
C) Dropping fish on the nest floor from the start.
D) Allowing them to hunt for themselves.
  • 10. What is a significant factor affecting puffin chick survival in the Shetland Islands?
A) The temperature of the water.
B) The number of predators on land.
C) The presence of Arctic skuas.
D) The availability of sand eels.
  • 11. How long does it take for Atlantic puffin chicks to fledge?
A) 80 to 90 days.
B) 34 to 50 days, depending on food supply.
C) 60 to 70 days.
D) 10 to 20 days.
  • 12. What happens when an Atlantic puffin chick is nearly fully fledged?
A) It leaves the burrow immediately.
B) It gains adult facial patches.
C) It sheds its down and reveals juvenile plumage.
D) It starts hunting for itself.
  • 13. How do Atlantic puffins avoid predation when their chicks fledge?
A) Chicks leave during the day.
B) Chicks are abandoned.
C) Chicks leave the burrow at night.
D) Chicks remain in the burrow indefinitely.
  • 14. What is a notable behavior of Atlantic puffins when they first reach the sea?
A) They paddle out to sea, usually about 3 km away from shore by daybreak.
B) They immediately fly back to land.
C) They congregate with other chicks.
D) They swim towards predators.
  • 15. How do Atlantic puffins typically respond to the loss of a nesting site due to erosion?
A) They abandon breeding for that year.
B) New colonies are unlikely to start spontaneously.
C) They relocate to human settlements.
D) They immediately find new sites nearby.
  • 16. What is the primary method of courtship in Atlantic puffins?
A) Singing elaborate songs.
B) Building intricate nests.
C) Billing, where pairs wag their heads and rattle their beaks together.
D) Performing aerial displays.
  • 17. What is the role of puffin burrows in their nesting behavior?
A) They serve as storage for food.
B) They are used only by young puffins.
C) They are used for breeding and raising chicks.
D) They are abandoned after one use.
  • 18. How do Atlantic puffins typically react to human presence on nesting slopes?
A) They ignore human presence completely.
B) Their burrows may collapse if humans walk incautiously.
C) They build stronger nests.
D) They welcome human interaction.
  • 19. What is the significance of puffin colonies on Eastern Egg Rock Island and the Shetland Islands?
A) Successful re-establishment after conservation efforts.
B) They have no significance.
C) They are abandoned each year.
D) They are the only places where puffins breed.
  • 20. What is a common adaptation of Atlantic puffins in Labrador when their main food source declines?
A) Reducing the number of chicks.
B) Migrating to new regions.
C) Feeding chicks on alternative prey species.
D) Stopping breeding altogether.
  • 21. How do Atlantic puffins reduce kleptoparasitism by Arctic skuas?
A) By arriving in groups when feeding their young.
B) By fighting the skuas.
C) By ignoring the skuas.
D) By hiding their food.
  • 22. What is a notable feature of Atlantic puffin chicks before they fledge?
A) They have bright red beaks.
B) They are larger than adult puffins.
C) They have fully developed wings.
D) They lack white facial patches and have dark legs and feet.
  • 23. What is the typical behavior of Atlantic puffin chicks when they first emerge from their burrows?
A) They walk, run, and flap to reach the sea.
B) They remain in the burrow.
C) They fly immediately.
D) They dig new tunnels.
  • 24. What is a significant factor affecting puffin breeding success in Norway?
A) The presence of Arctic skuas.
B) The number of human visitors.
C) The availability of herring.
D) The temperature of the air.
  • 25. How do Atlantic puffins typically respond to a shortage of fish during the breeding season?
A) They migrate to new areas.
B) They increase egg production.
C) They immediately abandon their nests.
D) The fledging period may be extended, and chicks may starve.
  • 26. What is a notable feature of Atlantic puffin burrows?
A) They are shared by multiple species.
B) They are always shallow and simple.
C) They are made entirely of sticks.
D) They can be complex with side tunnels for defecation.
  • 27. How do Atlantic puffins typically respond to the presence of great skuas?
A) They hide their chicks.
B) Predation is reduced when several birds arrive simultaneously.
C) They leave the area.
D) They attack the skuas.
  • 28. What is the typical flight height of an Atlantic puffin above sea surface?
A) 10 m (35 ft)
B) 20 m (66 ft)
C) 5 m (16 ft)
D) 15 m (49 ft)
  • 29. What sound does an Atlantic puffin make in its burrow?
A) A whistling sound.
B) A growling sound somewhat resembling a chainsaw being revved up.
C) A clicking sound.
D) A chirping sound.
  • 30. In which order is the Atlantic puffin classified?
A) Passeriformes
B) Ciconiiformes
C) Charadriiformes
D) Anseriformes
  • 31. Which family does the Atlantic puffin belong to?
A) Alcidae
B) Falconidae
C) Procellariidae
D) Spheniscidae
  • 32. What is the genus of the Atlantic puffin?
A) Alca
B) Cepphus
C) Uria
D) Fratercula
  • 33. From which language is the name 'puffin' derived?
A) Anglo-Norman
B) Old English
C) Latin
D) Greek
  • 34. Which species was originally called 'Manks puffin' in 1652?
A) Guillemot
B) Atlantic puffin
C) Razorbill
D) Manx shearwater
  • 35. Which subspecies is found in northern Iceland?
A) F. a. naumanni
B) F. a. pacifica
C) F. a. arctica
D) F. a. grabae
  • 36. What is the primary morphological difference among the Atlantic puffin subspecies?
A) Size
B) Coloration
C) Wing pattern
D) Beak shape
  • 37. Which subspecies of Atlantic puffin is found in the Faroes?
A) F. a. grabae
B) F. a. pacifica
C) F. a. naumanni
D) F. a. arctica
  • 38. What family does the Atlantic puffin belong to?
A) Pelican family
B) Seagull family
C) Albatross family
D) Auk family
  • 39. Where is the only native habitat of the Atlantic puffin located?
A) Atlantic Ocean
B) Pacific Ocean
C) Indian Ocean
D) Southern Ocean
  • 40. Which of these locations is NOT a breeding ground for the Atlantic puffin?
A) France (Brittany)
B) Greenland
C) Iceland
D) Newfoundland and Labrador
  • 41. What color are the cheek patches of an adult Atlantic puffin in its breeding plumage?
A) Black
B) Dark grey
C) White
D) Light grey
  • 42. What is the official bird of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador?
A) Canada goose
B) Atlantic puffin
C) Mallard duck
D) Great blue heron
  • 43. During which season do Atlantic puffins moult while at sea?
A) Autumn
B) Winter
C) Spring
D) Summer
  • 44. Where does more than 90% of the global population of Atlantic puffins breed?
A) South America
B) Australia
C) Northwest Africa
D) Europe
  • 45. What percentage of the world's Atlantic puffins are found in Iceland?
A) 60%
B) 50%
C) 30%
D) 80%
  • 46. Which of these areas is not a major breeding location for Atlantic puffins?
A) Newfoundland
B) South America
C) Norway
D) Faroe Islands
  • 47. During which season does the southern limit of Atlantic puffins stretch from northern France to Maine?
A) Summer
B) Spring
C) Winter
D) Autumn
  • 48. What percentage of ringed puffins that failed to reappear at the colony did so during the breeding season?
A) 80%
B) 5%
C) 20%
D) 50%
  • 49. What color is the upper surface of an Atlantic puffin?
A) White
B) Grey
C) Brown
D) Black
  • 50. Which species is a specialized kleptoparasite that harasses puffins while they are airborne?
A) The great black-backed gull
B) The lesser black-backed gull
C) The herring gull
D) The Arctic skua (Stercorarius parasiticus)
  • 51. Which parasite is originally a rabbit flea found in puffin nests?
A) Spilopsyllus cuniculi
B) Ornithopsylla laetitiae
C) Ceratophyllus borealis
D) Ixodes uriae
  • 52. What invasive plant species has threatened puffin nesting on Craigleith Island?
A) Kudzu
B) Purple loosestrife
C) Japanese knotweed
D) Tree mallow (Lavatera arborea)
  • 53. What was the estimated global population of adult Atlantic puffins in 2018?
A) 30–35 million individuals
B) 12–14 million individuals
C) 5–6 million individuals
D) 20–25 million individuals
  • 54. Which island off the coast of Pembrokeshire in west Wales has a significant puffin colony?
A) Fair Isle
B) Lundy Island
C) Farne Islands
D) Skomer Island
  • 55. What is the primary threat to puffins when they are ashore?
A) Fish
B) Ground-based mammals
C) Aerial predators
D) Seals
  • 56. What technique can be used to provide evidence of the adverse effects of pollutants on Atlantic puffins?
A) Behavioral analysis
B) Dietary surveys
C) Genetic modification
D) Fingerprinting techniques
  • 57. What factor influences the success of newly hatched fish larvae, which in turn affects puffin breeding success?
A) Ocean salinity levels
B) Water temperature controlling plankton abundance
C) Chick growth rates
D) Fish migration patterns
  • 58. Which organization runs the Project Puffin Visitor Center in Rockland?
A) The National Audubon Society
B) The World Wildlife Fund
C) The Nature Conservancy
D) The Sierra Club
  • 59. What informal name is given to juvenile puffins?
A) Sea chicks
B) Ocean babies
C) Marine fledglings
D) Pufflings
  • 60. Which municipality in Norway has an Atlantic puffin on its coat of arms?
A) Trondheim
B) Værøy Municipality
C) Bergen
D) Oslo
  • 61. What year did Penguin Books introduce the Puffin Books brand for children?
A) 1950
B) 1939
C) 1960
D) 1945
  • 62. Which island has a tradition of rescuing young puffins, as recorded in Bruce McMillan's book?
A) Værøy
B) Skellig Michael
C) Heimaey
D) Lundy
  • 63. Which fictional creature was created by digitally dressing puffins for Star Wars?
A) Ewoks
B) Wookiees
C) Droids
D) Porgs
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