A) Any human behavior B) Any rational human conduct that violates a criminal law and is subject to punishment C) Any action that is considered immoral D) Any behavior that deviates from social norms
A) The study of political systems B) Crime, criminals, criminal behavior, and society's response to crime C) The study of business management D) The study of human anatomy
A) Criminal behavior B) Normal behavior C) Conduct which the people of a group consider so dangerous or embarrassing or irritating that they bring special sanctions to bear against the persons who exhibit it D) Legal behavior
A) Opportunity to commit a crime B) Motive for a crime C) Criminal intent D) Criminal conduct specifically, intentional or criminally negligent action or inaction that causes harm
A) Opportunity to commit a crime B) Criminal conduct C) Instrument used in a crime D) A criminal intent or a guilty state of mind
A) Motive or desire B) Forgiveness C) Understanding D) Justice
A) The victim's vulnerability B) The time and place of the commission of the crime C) The criminal's background D) The legal system
A) Tools employed by criminals B) Social norms C) Laws and regulations D) Ethical guidelines
A) Crime is caused by economic inequality B) Crime happens when people grow up in neighborhoods with their own values that go against society’s usual rules C) Crime is a result of genetic predispositions D) Crime is a result of personal choices
A) Crime decreases in organized communities B) Crime increases in neighborhoods where social institutions like family, school, and community control have broken down C) Crime is a result of strong community bonds D) Crime is a result of strict social control
A) Crime is a result of personal choices B) Crime happens when people cannot achieve society’s goals through legal means, causing pressure or frustration that leads to deviant behavior C) Crime happens when people achieve society’s goals through legal means D) Crime is a result of genetic factors
A) Labeling has no impact on behavior B) Labeling only affects adults C) People become deviant when they resist societal labels D) People become deviant when society labels them negatively, causing the label to shape their identity and future behavior
A) Crime is a result of societal harmony B) Crime results from power struggles between groups, where dominant groups create laws that control and disadvantage weaker groups C) Crime is a result of individual choices D) Crime results from cooperation between groups
A) Behavior is determined by genetics B) Behavior is random C) Behavior is innate D) All behavior, including criminal acts, is learned and shaped by rewards, punishments, and reactions from others
A) Criminal behavior is only learned in schools B) People learn criminal behavior through observing, interacting with, and imitating others who already engage in crime C) Criminal behavior is not learned D) People learn criminal behavior through genetics
A) People are born criminal B) People are only influenced by their parents C) People become criminal when isolated from others D) People become criminal when exposed to more pro-crime influences than anti-crime influences
A) Criminal behavior is only learned through punishment B) Criminal behavior is learned through genetics C) Criminal behavior is learned through rewards and punishments, combining social learning with psychological conditioning processes D) Criminal behavior is random
A) Offenders are unaware of their actions B) Offenders always obey the law C) Offenders learn techniques to justify or excuse wrongdoing, allowing them to drift between lawful and unlawful behavior D) Offenders always reject societal norms
A) An organizing device for categorizing large amounts of information into mutually exclusive categories B) A criminal motive C) A type of punishment D) A legal defense
A) A moral wrong B) A civil dispute C) An act or omission that is punishable by special laws D) A serious crime
A) A law that is only applied in certain regions B) A law that is not enforced C) A statute enacted by congress, penal in character, which is not an amendment of the Revised Penal Code D) A law that applies only to certain people
A) A minor violation B) A traffic violation C) A serious crime. This category includes murder, rape, aggravated assault, robbery, arson, and so on. A felony is an act or omission that is punishable by the Revised Penal Code D) A civil dispute
A) A moral wrong B) A federal offense C) A serious crime D) An act that is in violation of a simple rule or regulation, a minor violation of the law. It usually refers to those committed by minor offenders such as violations of city or municipal ordinances
A) Public disturbances B) Traffic violations C) Financial fraud D) Offenses where violence was applied. They are also called acts or crimes against persons
A) To express anger B) Political reasons C) To seek revenge D) To bring financial gain to the offender
A) Crimes that benefit the public B) Crimes committed in private C) Crimes that have no victims D) Unlawful acts that interfere with the normal operation of society and the ability of people to function efficiently
A) Evil in itself B) Neutral act C) Good in itself D) Wrong because it is prohibited
A) Socially acceptable B) Morally right C) Wrong because it is prohibited D) Evil in itself
A) Crimes committed by unskilled workers B) Crimes committed against corporations C) Those committed by persons of respectability and of upper socio-economic class in the course of their occupational activities; also referred to as corporate or occupational crime D) Crimes committed in the workplace
A) Those committed by ordinary professional criminals to maintain their livelihood B) Crimes committed in factories C) Crimes committed by white-collar workers D) Crimes committed by police officers
A) Crimes committed by robots B) Crimes committed by animals C) Crimes committed by merely duplicating what was done by others; based on the D) Crimes committed by accident
A) Those committed at the height of great emotions B) Crimes committed without thinking C) Crimes committed for money D) Crimes committed for political reasons
A) Crimes committed in the military B) Crimes committed through rendition of service to satisfy desire of another C) Crimes committed by doctors D) Crimes committed by government employees
A) A crime committed by a government through mass destruction or annihilation of human populations B) A crime against the environment C) A crime against animals D) A crime against property
A) Violations of law that involve more than one country in their planning, execution, e.g. drug trafficking, human trafficking B) Crimes that are only committed by tourists C) Crimes that are legal in some countries D) Crimes that occur within a single country
A) Crimes committed in national parks B) Crimes committed for environmental activism C) Crimes committed against people D) Acts that breach environmental legislation and cause significant harm or risk to the environment and human health
A) Crimes committed in physical spaces B) Crimes committed by government officials C) Crimes committed by corporations D) Crimes that involve computers and networks
A) Crimes committed by politicians B) Crimes committed during elections C) Criminal activities for ideological purposes; also serious violations of laws that threaten the security or existence of the government D) Crimes committed in political rallies
A) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain B) They commit crimes due to impulses of the moment, fit of passion, anger, or spell of extreme jealousy C) Criminals who are mentally ill D) Criminals who plan their crimes carefully
A) Criminals who commit crimes due to drug addiction B) Criminals who commit crimes due to mental illness C) They are those who acted in consonance with deliberate thinking D) Criminals who commit crimes impulsively
A) Criminals who are highly skilled B) Criminals who are highly intelligent C) Their psychic conditions resemble that of a normal individual, except that they identify themselves with criminal prototypes D) Criminals who are mentally ill
A) Criminals who commit complex crimes B) Criminals who are highly organized C) Criminals who are highly skilled D) Considered to be the lowest form in the criminal career, ordinary criminals engage only in conventional crimes that require limited skill. They lack organization to help them avoid arrest and conviction
A) They have high degree of organization to enable them to commit crimes without being detected B) Criminals who are easily caught C) Criminals who are mentally unstable D) Criminals who commit crimes randomly
A) Criminals who are amateurs B) They are highly skilled and able to obtain considerable amount of money without being detected due to organization and contact with professional criminals. They are always able to escape conviction, and they specialize in crimes that require skills C) Criminals who are easily caught D) Criminals who are mentally ill
A) Criminals who plan their crimes carefully B) They commit criminal acts as a result of unanticipated circumstances C) Criminals who commit crimes intentionally D) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain
A) Criminals who are always criminal B) Criminals who commit crimes for fun C) Criminals who commit crimes randomly D) They are not actually criminals but commit crimes due to a given situation; sometimes their criminal activities are intermixed with legitimate activities
A) Criminals who commit crimes rarely B) Criminals who commit crimes for political reasons C) Criminals who commit crimes only once D) They continue to commit criminal acts for diverse reasons due to deficiency of intelligence and lack of self-control
A) Criminals who commit crimes calmly B) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain C) Criminals who are passive D) They commit crimes in impulsive manner usually due to their aggressive behavior, as shown in crimes of passion, resentment, or revenge
A) Criminals who commit crimes independently B) Criminals who commit crimes for political reasons C) Criminals who are aggressive D) They commit crimes because they are pushed to inducement, reward, or promise without considering do it, by the consequences. For this, they are called "ulukan."
A) Criminals who reject social norms B) Criminals who are isolated from society C) They are normal in their behavior but mere inadequate and defective in their socialization process D) Criminals
A) General Deterrence B) Specific Deterrence C) Rehabilitation D) Retribution
A) Enrico Ferri B) Jeremy Bentham C) Cesare Lombroso D) Raffaele Garofalo E.
A) Strain Theory B) Labeling Theory C) Social Control Theory D) Broken Windows Theory
A) Anomie Theory B) Routine Activities Theory C) Differential Association Theory D) Rational Choice Theory
A) Anomie B) Atavism C) Symbiosis D) Somatotyping
A) A Capable Guardian B) A Suitable Target C) A Motivated Offender D) Social Bond
A) Victim Blaming B) Secondary Victimization C) Victim Compensation D) Restorative Justice
A) Violent Crime B) White-collar Crime C) Blue-collar Crime D) Victimless Crime
A) Victim more Guilty than Offender B) Victim as Guilty as Offender C) Victim with Minor Guilt D) Completely Innocent Victim
A) Professional Crime B) Chronic Crime C) Episodic/Acute Crime D) A person commits a crime not because they planned to, but because they were overwhelmed by a sudden, intense heat of passion or extreme provocation. This is categorized as
A) AClassical School B) Positivist School C) Neo-Classical School D) Chicago School
A) Neo-Classical School B) Classical School C) Italian School D) Positivist School
A) Criminal Evolution B) Criminogenesis C) Victimogenesis D) Penology
A) William Sheldon B) Robert Merton C) Sigmund Freud D) Emile Durkheim
A) Social Stigma B) Primary Deviance C) Secondary Deviance D) Tertiary Deviance
A) Is applicable only in specific countries. B) Only focuses on the laws written in books C) Uses chemistry to analyze blood D) Studies crime as a social phenomenon
A) Dynamic B) Absolute C) Nationalistic D) Stable
A) Penology B) Sociology of Law C) Criminal Etiology D) Victimology
A) Strain Theory B) Social Disorganization Theory C) Biological Theory D) Choice Theory
A) Index Crimes B) Dark Figure of Crime C) Crime Rate D) Recidivism
A) Modus Operandi B) Mala In Se C) Mens Rea D) Actus Reus
A) Felony B) Misdemeanor C) Mala In Se D) Mala Prohibita
A) Actus Reus B) Corpus Delicti C) Mens Rea D) Doli Incapax
A) Penology B) Criminalistics C) Criminology D) Sociology
A) Pleasure-Pain Principle (Hedonism) B) Free Will Doctrine C) Rational Choice Theory D) All of the above
A) Retreatism B) Innovation C) Conformity D) Ritualism
A) Labeling Theory B) Social Bond Theory C) Differential Association D) Focal Concerns of the Lower Class
A) General Strain Theory (Agnew) B) Neutralization Theory C) Rational Choice Theory D) Classical Strain Theory
A) Social Control/Bond Theory B) Life Course Theory C) Self-Fulfilling Prophecy D) Social Learning Theory
A) Commitment B) Belief C) Attachment D) Involvement
A) Neuroticism B) Paranoia C) Schizophrenia D) Psychopathy/Antisocial Personality Disorder
A) Ego B) Alter-Ego C) Id D) Superego
A) Social Ecology B) Biochemical Theory C) Evolutionary Criminology D) Psychological Positivism
A) Cognitive Dissonance B) Genetic Predisposition C) Operant Conditioning D) bservational Learning (Modeling)
A) Id B) Superego C) Preconscious D) Ego
A) Condemnation of Condemners B) Denial of Responsibility C) Denial of Victim D) Denial of Injury
A) Radical Non-intervention B) Decriminalization C) Diversion D) The Dramatization of Evil
A) Initial acts of norm violation that have very little influence on the self-concept B) Crime committed by high-ranking officials. C) Crime that is inherently evil. D) . Deviance that occurs after a person accepts a criminal label.
A) Deterrence B) Incapacitation C) Retribution D) Diversion
A) Zone I: Central Business District B) Zone III: Workingmen’s Homes C) Zone II: Zone in Transition D) Zone IV: Residential Zone
A) October B) December C) January D) July
A) B. Late Adolescence/Young Adulthood (15-24) B) Childhood (5-10) C) Senior Years (65+) D) Middle Age (40-50)
A) Vagrancy B) Littering C) Gambling D) Robbery
A) It captures the "Dark Figure of Crime" B) It is always 100% honest C) It is more official than police records. D) It only counts crimes that lead to a conviction.
A) Duress/Compulsion B) Self-defense C) Insanity D) Alibi
A) Anomie B) Atavism C) Anomie D) Stigma
A) Habeas Corpus B) Due Process C) Equal Protection D) Presumption of Innocence
A) Ex Post Facto Law B) Blue Law C) Writ of Amparo D) Bill of Attainder
A) Denial of Responsibility B) Denial of Injury C) Appeal to Higher Loyalties D) Denial of Victim
A) The concept of democracy. B) Scientific research C) The use of prisons. D) The cruel and arbitrary justice of the 18th century |