Christian views on alcohol - Quiz
Christian views on alcohol
  • 1. What did the Waldensians do regarding wine?
A) Refused to consume any alcohol
B) Banned wine completely
C) Used wine only for religious rituals
D) Made wine but avoided drunkenness
  • 2. What did Zwingli do in Zurich in 1530 concerning taverns?
A) Reduced the closing time to 9 pm
B) Ordered all taverns to remain open 24 hours
C) Increased taxes on wine
D) Abolished all low taverns and drinking shops
  • 3. What did Zwingli warn youths to flee from?
A) The Papacy
B) Wine making
C) The city of Zurich
D) Intemperance
  • 4. According to Zwingli, what does intemperance do to the body?
A) Makes it furious
B) Strengthens bones
C) Makes it holy
D) Cures all diseases
  • 5. What did Zwingli say intemperance brings on?
A) Premature old age
B) Financial wealth
C) Eternal salvation
D) Wisdom and peace
  • 6. What astonished Calvin regarding the monks under the Papacy?
A) They banned all alcohol consumption
B) They only drank water
C) They made their own wine
D) They refused to abstain from drinking
  • 7. What did Calvin say the monks abstained from instead of drinking?
A) Reading the Bible
B) Meat on Fridays
C) Certain foods
D) All worldly pleasures
  • 8. Who did Calvin contrast the monks against?
A) Nazarites and priests
B) Zwingli and the Waldensians
C) Increase Mather and Charles Wesley
D) The Pilgrims and Puritans
  • 9. What was forbidden to the priests in the Jewish Temple according to Calvin?
A) Entering without bathing
B) The use of wine
C) Wearing colored robes
D) Eating certain foods
  • 10. What happened to low taverns and drinking shops with Calvin at Geneva?
A) They were heavily taxed
B) Their closing times were reduced
C) They were abolished
D) They were run by the church
  • 11. What happened to intemperance in Geneva under Calvin?
A) It was made mandatory
B) It diminished
C) It remained completely unchanged
D) It increased rapidly
  • 12. What was included in Calvin's annual salary in Geneva?
A) Seven barrels of wine
B) A vineyard
C) Gold and silver coins
D) Ten barrels of beer
  • 13. Which document from 1576 makes explicit mention of and assumes the use of wine?
A) The Lutheran Formula of Concord
B) The Dordrecht Confession of Faith
C) The Puritan Manifesto
D) The 1689 Baptist Confession of Faith
  • 14. Which Baptist confession of faith assumes the use of wine?
A) The Colonial Baptist Confession
B) The 1530 Baptist Confession
C) The 1689 Baptist Confession of Faith
D) The 1776 Baptist Confession
  • 15. In what year was the Dordrecht Confession of Faith written?
A) 1576
B) 1689
C) 1530
D) 1632
  • 16. Which group sought to expunge every trace of Roman Catholicism and rely only on the Bible, while still assuming wine was to be used?
A) The early Methodists
B) The English Puritans
C) The radical Anabaptists
D) The Pilgrims
  • 17. How are English Puritans described regarding their reputation?
A) As killjoys
B) As total abstainers
C) As wine makers
D) As heavy drunkards
  • 18. How did English Puritans partake of 'God's good gifts', including wine and ale?
A) Temperately
B) Reluctantly
C) Secretly
D) Excessively
  • 19. What did the Pilgrims bring a considerable amount of as they set out for America?
A) Tools
B) Alcohol
C) Gold
D) Books
  • 20. Approximately how many liters of alcohol did the Pilgrims bring on their voyage?
A) More than 5,000 liters
B) More than 28,617 liters
C) More than 50,000 liters
D) More than 10,000 liters
  • 21. What was the approximate volume in gallons of the alcohol the Pilgrims brought?
A) 3,200 gallons
B) 1,200 gallons
C) 10,500 gallons
D) 7,560 gallons
  • 22. What was the per person daily allowance of alcohol the Pilgrims brought on their voyage?
A) 10 litres/person/day
B) 4 litres/person/day
C) 0.5 litres/person/day
D) 1 litre/person/day
  • 23. At which of the following functions did the settled Pilgrims serve alcohol?
A) Only at private family gatherings
B) Only at weddings and secular holidays
C) Never at religious ceremonies
D) Virtually all functions, including ordinations, funerals, and regular Sabbath meals
  • 24. Who summarized that the colonists had assimilated alcohol use into their community lifestyles?
A) John Calvin
B) M. E. Lender
C) Increase Mather
D) Huldrych Zwingli
  • 25. According to M. E. Lender, what did the colonists assimilate into their community lifestyles?
A) Total abstinence
B) Alcohol use
C) Monastic rules
D) Ancient Jewish laws
  • 26. When did local brewing begin in the colonies?
A) Almost as soon as the colonists were safely ashore
B) Decades after the settlement was established
C) Before the Pilgrims even arrived
D) Only after the American Revolution
  • 27. Who was Increase Mather?
A) A translator of the 1689 Baptist Confession
B) A reformer in Zurich
C) A leader of the radical Anabaptists
D) A prominent colonial clergyman and president of Harvard
  • 28. According to Increase Mather, where is drink in itself from?
A) Satan
B) Man
C) The Devil
D) God
  • 29. According to Increase Mather, where is the abuse of drink from?
A) God
B) Satan
C) The government
D) Human nature
  • 30. How did Increase Mather phrase the origin of wine versus the drunkard?
A) Both wine and the drunkard are from the Devil
B) The wine is from Satan, but the drinker is from God
C) The wine is from God, but the drunkard is from the Devil
D) Both wine and the drunkard are from God
  • 31. Which early Methodist leader shared the Old World attitude toward alcohol?
A) Huldrych Zwingli
B) Increase Mather
C) John Calvin
D) Charles Wesley
  • 32. Which of the following early Methodist leaders is mentioned alongside Charles Wesley in the text?
A) Menno Simons
B) John Wesley
C) George Whitefield
D) Martin Luther
  • 33. Which early Methodist leader is mentioned along with Thomas Coke?
A) M. E. Lender
B) Adam Clarke
C) John Bunyan
D) John Gill
  • 34. Which Baptist leader is mentioned alongside John Bunyan regarding the Old World attitude?
A) John Gill
B) George Whitefield
C) Adam Clarke
D) Increase Mather
  • 35. In what year was the Lutheran Formula of Concord published?
A) 1530
B) 1689
C) 1576
D) 1632
  • 36. What region's climate and land were well-suited to growing grapes according to the text?
A) Egypt
B) Hierakonpolis
C) Palestine
D) Rome
  • 37. With which country was the trade of wine quite extensive?
A) Rome
B) Palestine
C) Egypt
D) Hierakonpolis
  • 38. Whose tomb contained vintage wines mentioned in the text?
A) King Solomon
B) King David
C) King Herod
D) King Scorpion
  • 39. Where was the tomb containing vintage wines located?
A) Palestine
B) Rome
C) Hierakonpolis
D) Egypt
  • 40. Who was thought to be responsible for the vintages found in the tomb of King Scorpion?
A) Semitic predecessors
B) Roman soldiers
C) Egyptian pharaohs
D) Greek merchants
  • 41. What Hebrew word is used for wine when the grapes begin to flow?
A) shekar
B) yayin
C) tirosh
D) chametz
  • 42. Aside from being eaten immediately or turned into wine, what else were some grapes turned into?
A) Vinegar
B) Jam
C) Syrup
D) Raisins
  • 43. How long was the must usually left in the collection vat?
A) Six weeks
B) One year
C) Three to four years
D) A few days
  • 44. What stage of fermentation was allowed to pass while the must was in the collection vat?
A) The secondary chemical stage
B) The initial, tumultuous stage
C) The stabilization stage
D) The final aging stage
  • 45. Into what containers were the winemakers transferring the wine after the collection vat if it was staying local?
A) Large earthenware jars
B) Wooden barrels
C) Wineskins
D) Glass bottles
  • 46. What containers were used for wine if it was to be transported elsewhere?
A) Wineskins
B) Large earthenware jars
C) Cellars
D) Cisterns
  • 47. What material were wineskins made from?
A) Raw cow-hide
B) Partially tanned goat-skins
C) Fully tanned sheep-skins
D) Woven camel hair
  • 48. After how many weeks was fermentation complete?
A) Three weeks
B) One year
C) Six weeks
D) Twelve weeks
  • 49. Where was the wine stored after being filtered?
A) In wooden shacks
B) In a cellar or cistern
C) Underground in mud pits
D) In an open courtyard
  • 50. What percentage of any given cellar of wine could one expect to be ruined completely?
A) Almost none
B) About 10%
C) About 50%
D) About 25%
  • 51. What was created intentionally in addition to wine?
A) Brandy
B) Vinegar
C) Mead
D) Beer
  • 52. What was one of the uses for intentionally created vinegar mentioned in the text?
A) Cleaning wine presses
B) Dipping bread
C) Dyeing garments
D) Preserving wooden structures
  • 53. How is over-indulgence leading to drunkenness viewed by Christians?
A) Sinful
B) Encouraged
C) Mandatory
D) Permissible
  • 54. What is the position called that holds it is wisest not to imbibe in present circumstances?
A) Moderationism
B) Abstentionism
C) Prohibitionism
D) Sacramentalism
  • 55. Which position prohibits all ordinary consumption of alcohol because it is believed to be a sin?
A) Abstentionism
B) Temperanceism
C) Prohibitionism
D) Moderationism
  • 56. Which Protestant denomination was an early leader in the temperance movement?
A) Methodists
B) Anglicans
C) Lutherans
D) Eastern Orthodox
  • 57. Which large Christian body adheres to the permissible and moderate view of alcohol consumption?
A) Historical Prohibitionists
B) Roman Catholicism
C) Strict Methodists
D) Nazirite sects
  • 58. How does the Bible generally view alcohol?
A) With complete indifference
B) Solely as an absolute evil
C) Solely as a blessing
D) Ambivalently
  • 59. During what celebration did Jesus institute the ritual of the Eucharist?
A) The Feast of Dedication
B) A Passover celebration
C) The Feast of Tabernacles
D) A wedding at Cana
  • 60. For what non-religious purpose was alcohol used in biblical times?
A) Fuel for lamps
B) Medicinal purposes
C) Cleaning metal tools
D) Dyeing garments
  • 61. What was John the Baptist from birth?
A) A Nazirite
B) A High Priest
C) A King
D) A Pharisee
  • 62. Who accused Jesus of eating and drinking with sinners?
A) The Pharisees
B) The Nazirites
C) The Roman guards
D) The disciples
  • 63. What are Jewish priests unable to do after consuming alcohol?
A) Enter the temple courtyard
B) Read from the Torah scrolls
C) Bless a congregation
D) Eat the Passover meal
  • 64. Who did St. Paul chide for becoming drunk on wine served at attempted celebrations of the Eucharist?
A) The Corinthians
B) The Galatians
C) The Ephesians
D) The Romans
  • 65. Which major Christian tradition is listed alongside Lutheranism as adhering to the permissible and moderate view of alcohol?
A) Methodism
B) Anglicanism
C) Early Prohibitionism
D) Naziritism
  • 66. Which Eastern Christian body is mentioned as holding the original moderate view of alcohol?
A) Eastern Orthodoxy
B) Arianism
C) Coptic Monophysitism
D) Nestorianism
  • 67. What was the maximum possible alcoholic content of ancient wine before dilution?
A) 15-20%
B) 11-12%
C) 25-30%
D) 5-6%
  • 68. What were the post-dilution alcohol content estimates for neighboring cultures like the Greeks?
A) 15-18%
B) 1-2%
C) 10-12%
D) 4-7%
  • 69. What Greek adjective is used in ancient texts to designate undiluted wine?
A) γλεύκος
B) ἄκρατος
C) οἶνος
D) μέθυσμα
  • 70. Does the New Testament ever use the adjective for undiluted wine to describe the wine consumed by Jesus or His disciples?
A) No
B) Only in the Gospels
C) Only in the Book of Revelation
D) Yes
  • 71. In what work did Athenaus of Naucratis compile ancient dilution ratios around AD 228?
A) The Talmuds
B) 2 Maccabees
C) Deipnosophistae
D) The Mishnah
  • 72. Which group of Christians in the United States particularly came to believe that the Bible prohibited alcohol?
A) Puritans of the 17th century
B) Some Protestants
C) Roman Catholics
D) Eastern Orthodox
  • 73. What was the general Hebraic opinion of wine before Christ?
A) Strictly prohibited
B) Indifferent
C) Decidedly positive
D) Strictly negative
  • 74. According to the Hebraic view, wine is part of the world God created and is thus what?
A) Inherently sinful
B) Merely symbolic
C) Purely medicinal
D) Necessarily inherently good
  • 75. Which group advocated for the virtue of temperance according to the text?
A) The Apostolic Fathers
B) The Essene community
C) Roman citizens
D) Greek philosophers
  • 76. Wine formed part of the sacrifices made daily to God as mentioned in which biblical book?
A) Leviticus
B) Exodus
C) Genesis
D) Deuteronomy
  • 77. Starting in what year did the Jews return from the Babylonian exile?
A) 586 BC
B) 332 BC
C) 400 BC
D) 537 BC
  • 78. What did wine mixed with water represent as an Old Testament metaphor?
A) Holiness
B) Purity
C) Corruption
D) Wisdom
  • 79. Among which group was the cutting of wine with water a common practice to reduce potency and improve taste?
A) The Greeks
B) The Essenes
C) The Romans
D) The Hebrews
  • 80. Who conquered Judea before the writing of 2 Maccabees, bringing Hellenistic customs?
A) Julius Caesar
B) Nebuchadnezzar
C) Alexander the Great
D) Pompey
  • 81. Which community generally abstained from alcoholic wine, drinking grape juice called tirosh instead?
A) The Pharisees
B) The Zealots
C) The Sadducees
D) The Essene community
  • 82. What was the name of the grape juice drunk by the Essenes?
A) Mannah
B) Sikor
C) Tirosh
D) Shecar
  • 83. What did early Church Fathers customarily mix with the Eucharist wine?
A) Spices
B) Grape juice
C) Water
D) Honey
  • 84. Who died around 220 AD and insisted that clergy must be sober in church based on biblical precedent?
A) Tertullian
B) Ambrose of Milan
C) John of Egypt
D) Gregory of Nyssa
  • 85. In what year did the Council of Laodicea establish rules against drinking entertainments?
A) 363
B) 387
C) 407
D) 379
  • 86. Who died in 379 AD and repudiated dualistic heretics who abhorred marriage and rejected wine?
A) Augustine
B) Gregory the Great
C) Monica of Hippo
D) Basil the Great
  • 87. Who required Monica of Hippo to keep the strict rule of total abstinence?
A) Bishop Augustine
B) Bishop Ambrose
C) Bishop Chrysostom
D) Bishop Tertullian
  • 88. Drunkenness is considered a manifestation of which of the seven deadly sins?
A) Lust
B) Envy
C) Gluttony
D) Pride
  • 89. Who compiled the seven deadly sins in the 6th century?
A) Gregory of Nyssa
B) Augustine
C) Gregory the Great
D) Clement of Alexandria
  • 90. Which empire conquered Judea under Pompey?
A) Greece
B) Rome
C) Babylon
D) Egypt
  • 91. What alcoholic drink were medieval monks allowed to consume during fasts?
A) Spirits
B) Beer
C) Wine
D) Mead
  • 92. What was Thomas Aquinas's title within the Catholic Church?
A) Father of Monasticism
B) Doctor Angelicus
C) The Great Theologian
D) Doctor Ecclesiae
  • 93. According to Thomas Aquinas, what is sufficient for salvation regarding wine?
A) Only drinking during feast days
B) Drinking five liters daily
C) Moderation
D) Total abstinence
  • 94. Who founded the Olivetan Order in 1319?
A) Benedict of Nursia
B) Bernardo Tolomei
C) Bishop David
D) Thomas Aquinas
  • 95. Who is recognized as the patron saint of beer?
A) St. Vincent
B) St. Amand
C) St. Adrian
D) St. Martin
  • 96. Which saint is the patron saint of brewers, barkeepers, and wine merchants?
A) St. Adrian
B) St. Tryphon
C) St. Amand
D) St. Pastor
  • 97. Who is known as the patron saint of wine?
A) St. Martin
B) St. Amand
C) St. Adrian
D) St. Vincent
  • 98. Who is the patron saint of vintners?
A) St. Amand
B) St. Tryphon
C) St. Martin
D) St. Vincent
  • 99. In which Church is wine used in the celebration of the Slava on feast days?
A) Olivetan Order
B) Serbian Orthodox Church
C) Benedictine Order
D) Roman Catholic Church
  • 100. Who do the Orthodox celebrate as the patron saint of vines and vineyard workers?
A) St. Adrian
B) St. Vincent
C) St. Tryphon
D) St. Martin
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