Macedonia (ancient kingdom) - Quiz
Macedonia ancient kingdom
  • 1. What caused Pyrrhus to lose much of his support among the Macedonians in 273 BC?
A) He lost a major naval battle against the Ptolemaic fleet.
B) He retreated from the Peloponnese without a fight.
C) He attempted to replace the Argead dynasty with his own family.
D) His Gallic mercenaries plundered the royal cemetery of Aigai.
  • 2. In what year was Pyrrhus killed while besieging Argos?
A) 251 BC
B) 261 BC
C) 273 BC
D) 272 BC
  • 3. Which kingdom did Antigonus II annex after reclaiming Macedonia?
A) Sparta
B) Epirus
C) Paeonia
D) Thrace
  • 4. The Chremonidean War was fought between 267 and 261 BC, involving an alliance between Athens and which power?
A) The Seleucid Empire
B) Ptolemaic Egypt
C) The Aetolian League
D) The Dardanian Kingdom
  • 5. Which battle resulted in the defeat of a Ptolemaic fleet during the Chremonidean War?
A) Battle of Sellasia
B) Battle of Paxos
C) Battle of Cos
D) Battle of Andros
  • 6. Who led the rebellion against Antigonus II in 251 BC?
A) Chremonides
B) Demetrius of Pharos
C) Alexander of Corinth
D) Aratus of Sicyon
  • 7. When did the Macedonians lose the Acrocorinth to the forces of Aratus?
A) 240 BC
B) 246 BC
C) 243 BC
D) 251 BC
  • 8. Who succeeded Antigonus II after his death in 239 BC?
A) Philip V of Macedon
B) Demetrius II of Macedon
C) Alexander of Corinth
D) Antigonus III Doson
  • 9. Demetrius II damaged relations with the Seleucids by divorcing whom?
A) Phthia of Macedon
B) Olympias II
C) Stratonice of Macedon
D) Cleomenes III
  • 10. Which Illyrian king aided Demetrius II in defending Acarnania against Aetolia?
A) Scerdilaidas
B) Agron
C) Longarus
D) Demetrius of Pharos
  • 11. What occurred at the Battle of Paxos in 229 BC?
A) Macedonia lost control of the Peloponnese.
B) Antigonus III Doson captured the Aetolian fleet.
C) Demetrius II and Illyrian forces defeated the Aetolian and Achaean Leagues.
D) The Roman Republic defeated Philip V.
  • 12. Who invaded Macedonia shortly before the death of Demetrius II?
A) Longarus of the Dardanian Kingdom
B) Ptolemy II Philadelphus
C) Cleomenes III of Sparta
D) Aratus of Sicyon
  • 13. Who served as regent for the young Philip following the death of Demetrius II?
A) Demetrius of Pharos
B) Antigonus III Doson
C) Cleomenes III
D) Aratus of Sicyon
  • 14. What did Antigonus III demand in exchange for his alliance with Aratus in 226 BC?
A) The total surrender of Sparta
B) The return of Corinth to Macedonian control
C) The annexation of the Aetolian League
D) Military aid against the Seleucid Empire
  • 15. Which battle marked the defeat of Sparta in 222 BC by Antigonus III?
A) Battle of Paxos
B) Battle of Cos
C) Battle of Lake Trasimene
D) Battle of Sellasia
  • 16. What is the likely cause of death of Antigonus III in 221 BC?
A) A naval accident
B) Tuberculosis
C) A battlefield wound
D) A rebellion in Macedon
  • 17. Philip V made peace with the Aetolians in 217 BC due to concerns about which two events?
A) The rise of the Achaean League and a Seleucid invasion
B) The death of Antigonus III and a revolt in Corinth
C) Dardanian incursions and the Carthaginian victory at Lake Trasimene
D) The loss of the Macedonian fleet and a famine in Epirus
  • 18. Who convinced Philip V to secure Illyria before invading the Italian peninsula?
A) Scerdilaidas
B) Aratus of Sicyon
C) Longarus
D) Demetrius of Pharos
  • 19. What prompted Scerdilaidas to appeal to the Romans for aid against Philip V?
A) The Aetolian League had betrayed the Ardiaean Kingdom.
B) The Dardanian Kingdom had been destroyed.
C) Philip V sent a fleet of light warships to attack Illyria.
D) Philip V formed an alliance with Carthage.
  • 20. How did Rome initially respond to Philip V's actions in the Adriatic Sea in 216 BC?
A) They declared full-scale war on Macedonia.
B) They sent ten heavy quinqueremes to patrol the Illyrian coasts.
C) They captured the Macedonian fleet in a naval engagement.
D) They retreated from the Illyrian coast.
  • 21. How old was Philip II when he became king in 359 BC?
A) Twenty-one
B) Thirty
C) Twenty-four
D) Twenty-seven
  • 22. Which weapon was introduced as part of the Macedonian phalanx reforms?
A) Composite bow
B) Sarissa
C) Javelin
D) Short sword
  • 23. Philip II spent his adolescent years as a political hostage in which city?
A) Thebes
B) Sparta
C) Athens
D) Larissa
  • 24. What is the modern name of the city Philip II founded as Philippopolis?
A) Sofia
B) Skopje
C) Plovdiv
D) Athens
  • 25. Which major Greek city-state was excluded from the League of Corinth?
A) Sparta
B) Corinth
C) Thebes
D) Athens
  • 26. What title was Philip II granted by the League of Corinth for the campaign against Persia?
A) King of Kings
B) Strategos autokrator
C) Basileus of Asia
D) Archon of Greece
  • 27. Who was the ruler of the Odrysian kingdom that threatened Macedonia's northeast?
A) Perdiccas II
B) Bardylis
C) Sitalces
D) Arrhabaeus
  • 28. Which city was founded by Athens in 437/436 BC to secure silver, gold, and timber?
A) Amphipolis
B) Beroea
C) Pydna
D) Therma
  • 29. Which city did Perdiccas II capture while promoting the rebellion of Athens' allies?
A) Larissa
B) Pella
C) Methone
D) Potidaea
  • 30. What caused the Spartans to loot the Macedonian baggage train at Lyncestis?
A) An alliance with Argos
B) A shortage of provisions
C) Macedonians fled before fighting
D) The death of Brasidas
  • 31. Where did Archelaus I move the capital of the kingdom?
A) Pella
B) Aigai
C) Larissa
D) Pydna
  • 32. Which Athenian playwright resided at the royal court of Archelaus I?
A) Euripides
B) Pericles
C) Conon
D) Timotheus
  • 33. Who was the Illyrian leader that caused Amyntas III to flee his kingdom?
A) Bardylis
B) Sirras
C) Arrhabaeus
D) Ptolemy of Aloros
  • 34. Which Spartan leader helped the Macedonians defeat the Chalcidian League in 379 BC?
A) Brasidas
B) Teleutias
C) Agesilaus II
D) Timotheus
  • 35. What material did Archelaus I require to improve Macedonia's currency?
A) Timber
B) Copper
C) Silver
D) Gold
  • 36. What is the original Greek word that the name Macedonia is derived from?
A) Makednós
B) Makedónes
C) Makrós
D) Macédoine
  • 37. What does the ancient Greek adjective 'makednós' mean?
A) strong, brave
B) highlanders
C) tall, slim
D) short, stout
  • 38. According to Herodotus, the Makedónes were a people related to which group?
A) the Spartans
B) the Dorians
C) the Persians
D) the Romans
  • 39. The term 'makednós' is most likely cognate with which other ancient Greek adjective?
A) Makedónes
B) Macédoine
C) makrós
D) Dorian
  • 40. What does the ancient Greek adjective 'makrós' mean?
A) high or thin
B) long or tall
C) short or wide
D) large or small
  • 41. Which of the following is listed as a possible original meaning of the name Macedonia?
A) the brave ones
B) the deep ones
C) mountain dwellers
D) highlanders
  • 42. Which linguist claims that 'Makedónes' and 'makednós' are of Pre-Greek substrate origin?
A) Robert S. P. Beekes
B) Filip De Decker
C) Middle English
D) Herodotus
  • 43. Who rejects the arguments of Robert S. P. Beekes regarding the origin of the term?
A) The Dorians
B) Filip De Decker
C) Herodotus
D) The Romans
  • 44. From which language was the English variant 'Macedon' borrowed?
A) Latin
B) German
C) French
D) Ancient Greek
  • 45. In which period did the shorter English name variant 'Macedon' develop?
A) Modern English
B) Ancient Greek
C) Early Modern English
D) Middle English
  • 46. The French form of the name that influenced 'Macedon' is which of the following?
A) Macédoine
B) Makedónes
C) Makednós
D) Makrós
  • 47. According to the text, why might the name Macedonia be descriptive of the Ancient Macedonians?
A) It relates to their mountain homes
B) It identifies them as Persians
C) It could mean 'tall' or 'slim'
D) It references their metal working skills
  • 48. Which dynasty initially ruled the kingdom of Macedonia?
A) Antipatrid
B) Argead
C) Ptolemaic
D) Antigonid
  • 49. What was the capital of Macedonia before the 4th century BC?
A) Pella
B) Aegae
C) Thessalonica
D) Amphipolis
  • 50. Which kingdom bordered Macedonia to the east?
A) Epirus
B) Illyria
C) Thrace
D) Thessaly
  • 51. Who was the tutor of Alexander the Great?
A) Philip II
B) Cassander
C) Antigonus
D) Aristotle
  • 52. Who founded the city of Thessalonica?
A) Alexander the Great
B) Aristotle
C) Cassander
D) Philip II
  • 53. What empire did Alexander the Great overthrow during his campaign?
A) Achaemenid Empire
B) Seleucid Empire
C) Ptolemaic Empire
D) Roman Empire
  • 54. How did Macedonian kings finance their armies and navy?
A) Agricultural taxes
B) Looting of Rome
C) Mining operations
D) Trade tariffs
  • 55. Which of the following was NOT a successor dynasty mentioned in the text?
A) Antipatrid
B) Attalid
C) Argead
D) Antigonid
  • 56. What territory did Alexander's conquests reach in the east?
A) Nile River
B) Indus River
C) Euphrates River
D) Tigris River
  • 57. According to the legend reported by Herodotus and Thucydides, who were the Macedonian kings of the Argead dynasty descended from?
A) Temenus
B) Alexander the Great
C) Darius I
D) Perdiccas II
  • 58. The Argead dynasty claimed a direct lineage from which chief Greek god?
A) Poseidon
B) Hermes
C) Zeus
D) Apollo
  • 59. Which authority accepted the Argead descent from Temenus, allowing Alexander I to compete in the Olympic Games?
A) The Spartan Ephors
B) The Delphic Oracle
C) The Athenian Assembly
D) Hellanodikai
  • 60. Who was the father of Alexander I of Macedon?
A) Philip II
B) Perdiccas I
C) Amyntas I
D) Caranus
  • 61. Which group inhabited the lands of Thessaly to the south of Macedonia?
A) Persians
B) Thracians
C) Greeks
D) Illyrians
  • 62. Which general convinced Amyntas I to submit as a vassal to the Achaemenid Empire?
A) Megabazus
B) Darius I
C) Mardonius
D) Xerxes I
  • 63. What status did Macedonia hold within the Achaemenid Empire?
A) Vassal state
B) A colonized territory governed by a Persian governor
C) A sovereign independent ally
D) A full satrapy
  • 64. Alexander I served as an Achaemenid diplomat to propose a treaty to which city-state?
A) Athens
B) Corinth
C) Thebes
D) Sparta
  • 65. Which king of Persia launched an invasion into Europe against the Scythians and others?
A) Darius I
B) Artaxerxes
C) Xerxes I
D) Cyrus the Great
  • 66. Which region was inhabited by the Greek tribes of Lyncestae, Orestae, and Elimiotae?
A) Pieria
B) Bottiaea
C) Upper Macedonia
D) Lower Macedonia
  • 67. Which tribe did Alexander fight at Haemus Mons in 335 BC?
A) Pauravas
B) Triballi
C) Taulantii
D) Spartans
  • 68. Who was the king of the Taulantii who aided the Illyrians?
A) Cleitus
B) Glaucias
C) Porus
D) Bardylis
  • 69. Who captured and executed Darius III?
A) Bessus
B) Parmenion
C) Callisthenes
D) Alexander
  • 70. Where did Alexander's troops threaten to mutiny in 324 BC?
A) Bactra
B) Opis
C) Ecbatana
D) Thebes
  • 71. What act did Alexander borrow from Persian kings that his subjects found blasphemous?
A) Cutting the Gordian Knot
B) Sacrificing to Zeus
C) Polygamous marriage
D) Proskynesis
  • 72. Which court historian refused to perform the ritual of proskynesis?
A) Callisthenes
B) Errington
C) Parmenion
D) Antipater
  • 73. Who was Alexander's first wife?
A) Stateira II
B) Roxana
C) Parysatis II
D) Cleopatra Eurydice
  • 74. Who defeated the Spartan king Agis III at the Battle of Megalopolis?
A) Parmenion
B) Alexander
C) Memnon
D) Antipater
  • 75. Where did Alexander the Great die in 323 BC?
A) Macedonia
B) Babylon
C) Egypt
D) Athens
  • 76. What was the name of the rebellion against Antipater by the Greeks?
A) Second War of the Diadochi
B) Lamian War
C) Siege of Piraeus
D) Partition of Triparadisus
  • 77. Which Macedonian commander rescued Antipater from the siege at Lamia?
A) Eumenes
B) Nicanor
C) Polyperchon
D) Leonnatus
  • 78. Who was appointed regent of the two kings at the council in Babylon?
A) Antigonus
B) Antipater
C) Craterus
D) Perdiccas
  • 79. Who did Antipater name as his successor in 319 BC?
A) Polyperchon
B) Philip III
C) Alexander IV
D) Cassander
  • 80. Who captured the Munichia fortress of Piraeus in defiance of Polyperchon?
A) Eumenes
B) Nicanor
C) Leonnatus
D) Seleucus
  • 81. What happened to King Philip III after he was captured by Olympias's forces?
A) Olympias executed him
B) He was restored to the throne
C) He was exiled to Egypt
D) He escaped to Athens
  • 82. Whom did Cassander marry to strengthen his position?
A) Thessalonike
B) Roxana
C) Eurydice II
D) Olympias
  • 83. What dowry did Lanassa offer Demetrius I in 290 BC?
A) Thrace
B) Epirus
C) Egypt
D) Corcyra
  • 84. Who assassinated Seleucus I in 281 BC?
A) Ptolemy Keraunos
B) Sosthenes
C) Antigonus II
D) Brennus
  • 85. Which group of invaders killed Ptolemy Keraunos in 279 BC?
A) Roman forces
B) Celtic invaders
C) Thracian tribes
D) Persian armies
  • 86. Which general refused the title of king after the death of Ptolemy Keraunos?
A) Cassander
B) Sosthenes
C) Antigonus II
D) Lysimachus
  • 87. In 212 BC, which location did the Macedonians capture, prompting the Roman Senate to incite allies against them?
A) Thessaly
B) Lissus
C) Oricus
D) Apollonia
  • 88. Who was the Roman consul that forced Philip V to take refuge in Thessaly in 198 BC?
A) Publius Sulpicius Galba Maximus
B) Titus Quinctius Flamininus
C) Quintus Caecilius Metellus
D) Lucius Aemilius Paullus
  • 89. At what event in 196 BC did Flamininus announce Rome's intent to preserve Greek liberty?
A) Roman Senate Assembly
B) Olympic Games
C) Delphi Council
D) Isthmian Games
  • 90. Who succeeded Philip V as king of Macedon?
A) Antiochus
B) Demetrius
C) Andriscus
D) Perseus
  • 91. After the abolition of the Macedonian monarchy, the Romans installed four republics with capitals at Amphipolis, Thessalonica, Pella, and where?
A) Bargylia
B) Lissus
C) Pelagonia
D) Apollonia
  • 92. Who claimed Antigonid descent and rebelled against the Romans during the Fourth Macedonian War?
A) Andriscus
B) Philip V
C) Nabis
D) Perseus
  • 93. Who led the Roman forces that defeated Andriscus in 148 BC?
A) Lucius Aemilius Paullus
B) Publius Sulpicius Galba Maximus
C) Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus
D) Titus Quinctius Flamininus
  • 94. Who served as the chief judge of the Macedonian kingdom?
A) The assembly
B) The royal pages
C) The king
D) The magistrates
  • 95. What was the title for the bodyguards of the Macedonian king?
A) Hetairoi
B) Basilikoi paides
C) Philoi
D) Somatophylakes
  • 96. According to Thucydides, what was the original state of Macedonia?
A) A unified republic
B) A single centralized empire
C) A collection of independent city-states
D) Divided into small tribal regions
  • 97. Which Persian commander sent Alexander I of Macedon to Athens?
A) Xerxes
B) Cyrus
C) Darius
D) Mardonius
  • 98. What term refers to the companions of the Macedonian king?
A) Somatophylakes
B) Basilikoi paides
C) Hetairoi
D) Philoi
  • 99. What was the traditional relationship between Macedonian kings and their companions?
A) Priest and follower
B) Comrade-in-arms
C) Employer and servant
D) Lord and master
  • 100. What title was given to the royal pages of the Macedonian court?
A) Philoi
B) Basilikoi paides
C) Somatophylakes
D) Hetairoi
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