Space Shuttle Columbia disaster - Quiz
Space Shuttle Columbia disaster
  • 1. When did the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster occur?
A) January 28, 1986
B) February 1, 2003
C) July 20, 1969
D) April 12, 1981
  • 2. Where did the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster occur?
A) Over California
B) Over New Mexico
C) Over Florida
D) Over Texas
  • 3. Which part of the Space Shuttle was damaged, leading to the disaster?
A) Main engines
B) Right wing
C) Left wing
D) Orbiter cabin
  • 4. How long was the Space Shuttle Columbia mission scheduled to last before the disaster?
A) 16 days
B) 7 days
C) 30 days
D) 10 days
  • 5. Who was the commander of the Space Shuttle Columbia during the disaster?
A) Michael Anderson
B) Laurel Clark
C) Rick Husband
D) Kalpana Chawla
  • 6. Which organization operated the Space Shuttle Columbia?
A) Roscosmos
B) CNSA
C) ESA
D) NASA
  • 7. In which year did the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster take place?
A) 2003
B) 2010
C) 1995
D) 1986
  • 8. What was the mission designation for the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster?
A) STS-135
B) STS-51-L
C) STS-1
D) STS-107
  • 9. How many astronauts were killed in the Columbia disaster?
A) Nine
B) Three
C) Seven
D) Five
  • 10. How many flights had the Space Shuttle fleet completed before the Columbia mission?
A) 88
B) 112
C) 100
D) 113
  • 11. What was the primary purpose of the STS-107 mission?
A) Construction of the International Space Station.
B) Repairing the Hubble Space Telescope.
C) Research in various fields, mainly on board the SpaceHab module.
D) Deployment of a satellite into orbit.
  • 12. What was NASA's reasoning for limiting the investigation before re-entry?
A) There were no tools available to fix any damage in space.
B) They reasoned that the crew could not have fixed the problem if it had been confirmed.
C) The investigation would take too long and delay the mission.
D) NASA believed the damage was minor and non-threatening.
  • 13. How long were Space Shuttle flight operations suspended after the Columbia disaster?
A) One year
B) More than two years
C) Three weeks
D) Six months
  • 14. What was added to subsequent missions as a result of the Columbia disaster?
A) A new type of solid rocket booster.
B) A second crew compartment for safety.
C) Additional fuel tanks.
D) An on-orbit inspection to check the thermal protection system.
  • 15. What was used as a haven if damage to the orbiter prevented safe re-entry after Columbia?
A) The Hubble Space Telescope
B) The International Space Station (ISS)
C) A backup orbiter
D) A rescue shuttle
  • 16. What material was used to protect the nose cone and leading edges of Columbia's wings?
A) Composite material reinforced carbon–carbon (RCC)
B) Ablative heat shield
C) Reusable felt surface insulation
D) White low-temperature reusable surface insulation
  • 17. What was the purpose of the insulating foam on the external tank?
A) To protect the orbiter during re-entry.
B) To enhance aerodynamics during launch.
C) To keep the liquid hydrogen and oxygen cold and prevent ice from forming.
D) To provide structural support to the external tank.
  • 18. What happened to the solid rocket boosters after they expended their fuel?
A) They were jettisoned into space.
B) They remained attached to the orbiter throughout re-entry.
C) They separated from the external tank and fell into the Atlantic Ocean under a parachute.
D) They landed in the Pacific Ocean without parachutes.
  • 19. What was the temperature limit for the orbiter's aluminum skin during re-entry?
A) Exactly 3,000 °F (1,600 °C)
B) Below 700 °F (370 °C)
C) Below 350 °F (180 °C)
D) Above 2,300 °F (1,300 °C)
  • 20. How many operational orbiters were built during the Space Shuttle program?
A) Three
B) Five
C) Two
D) Seven
  • 21. What caused damage to the orbiter Columbia during its first flight, STS-1?
A) A foam strike.
B) A bird strike.
C) A lightning strike.
D) An engine malfunction.
  • 22. How many missions out of 79 had available imagery showing foam strikes during launch?
A) 65 missions.
B) 70 missions.
C) 60 missions.
D) 50 missions.
  • 23. What were the dimensions of the foam on each bipod ramp?
A) 40 by 20 by 15 inches.
B) Approximately 30 by 14 by 12 inches (76 by 36 by 30 cm).
C) 25 by 12 by 10 inches.
D) 20 by 10 by 8 inches.
  • 24. On how many flights prior to STS-107 was bipod ramp foam observed falling off the ET?
A) Ten flights.
B) Eight flights.
C) Six flights.
D) Three flights.
  • 25. Which aspect was NOT investigated by one of the four CAIB teams?
A) NASA's financial management
B) The technical aspects of the disaster
C) NASA training and crew operations
D) NASA management and program safety
  • 26. What was the result of analyzing the tiles on Columbia's left wing?
A) The tiles melted due to internal heat.
B) The tiles were intact and undamaged.
C) The breach began at the wing's leading edge.
D) The damage occurred due to a mid-flight explosion.
  • 27. How did the crew members' bodies hit the ground?
A) Without any impact
B) With lethal force
C) Gently
D) At a low speed
  • 28. Who was the payload commander for STS-107?
A) Ilan Ramon
B) Kalpana Chawla
C) Laurel Clark
D) Michael Anderson
  • 29. Who informed the crew that they were approved to conduct the deorbit burn?
A) LeRoy Cain
B) The Mission Control Center
C) William Readdy
D) Charlie Hobaugh, the Capsule Communicator (CAPCOM)
  • 30. What event led to the suspension of the Space Shuttle program?
A) Completion of the International Space Station
B) Technical issues with Discovery
C) The loss of Columbia
D) Budget cuts by NASA
  • 31. Who initiated contingency procedures after Columbia did not land as scheduled?
A) The crew aboard Columbia
B) William Readdy alone
C) Charlie Hobaugh
D) LeRoy Cain, the Entry Flight Director
  • 32. When was the retirement of the Space Shuttle delayed to?
A) 2009
B) 2020
C) 2015
D) 2011
  • 33. By what percentage were NASA's program operating costs lowered from 1991 to 1994?
A) 30%
B) 15%
C) 21%
D) 10%
  • 34. Which Houston sports team honored the Columbia crew on Opening Day of baseball season in 2003?
A) Houston Dynamo
B) Houston Texans
C) Houston Rockets
D) Houston Astros
  • 35. At what time after launch did the foam strike Columbia's left wing?
A) T+120 seconds
B) T+81.9 seconds
C) T+60 seconds
D) T+100 seconds
  • 36. What was the size of the foam chunk that broke away during STS-112?
A) 5-by-6-by-14-inch.
B) 3-by-4-by-9-inch.
C) 6-by-7-by-15-inch.
D) 4-by-5-by-12-inch (10 by 13 by 30 cm).
  • 37. What was the name of the first Israeli astronaut on STS-107?
A) Ilan Ramon
B) David Brown
C) Kalpana Chawla
D) Rick Husband
  • 38. How many teams did the CAIB establish to investigate different aspects of the disaster?
A) Six teams
B) Five teams
C) Three teams
D) Four teams
  • 39. What experiment did astronauts Sellers and Fossum perform during STS-121?
A) Advanced navigation systems trial
B) NonOxide Adhesive eXperiment (NOAX)
C) Spacewalk endurance test
D) New communication protocol testing
  • 40. Which Space Shuttle was used for the first Return to Flight mission (STS-114)?
A) Discovery
B) Challenger
C) Atlantis
D) Endeavour
  • 41. Where did the CAIB members travel to begin their investigation?
A) Barksdale AFB
B) Johnson Space Center (JSC)
C) Cape Canaveral
D) Kennedy Space Center
  • 42. What did the Debris Assessment Team criticize about the Mission Management Team?
A) Asserting there were no safety concerns before their investigation was completed
B) Failing to communicate with the crew about potential risks
C) Not requesting DoD imagery in time
D) Delaying the launch due to foam strike concerns
  • 43. What technology was installed to prevent ice buildup in the bipod?
A) De-icing sprayers
B) Thermal blankets
C) Insulation foam
D) Electric heaters
  • 44. Which shuttle was being prepared for launch as a potential rescue vehicle during STS-107?
A) Endeavour
B) Challenger
C) Discovery
D) Atlantis
  • 45. What was the conclusion of the Debris Assessment Team regarding safety concerns from the debris strike?
A) Further analysis was required before making a decision
B) The orbiter should be returned to Earth immediately
C) Immediate repairs were needed before reentry
D) There were no safety concerns
  • 46. What maneuver did Discovery perform to allow ISS crew to inspect its belly?
A) Rendezvous pitch maneuver
B) Docking alignment maneuver
C) Re-entry orientation maneuver
D) Orbital adjustment maneuver
  • 47. How many temperature sensors were equipped on each orbiter's wing?
A) 30
B) 10
C) 15
D) 22
  • 48. What likely rendered the astronauts unconscious or deceased within seconds?
A) Impact with the ground
B) Depressurization
C) High acceleration during breakup
D) Thermal trauma from hot gas
  • 49. What was redesigned to prevent future foam strikes on the ET?
A) The orbiter's wings
B) The liquid oxygen line
C) The Canadarm
D) The bipod
  • 50. Who was responsible for coordinating the request for DoD imagery of Columbia?
A) Wayne Hale, the Shuttle Program Manager for Launch Integration
B) Steve Stich, the flight director
C) William Readdy, the Associate Administrator for Space Flight
D) Linda Ham, the Mission Management Team Chair
  • 51. At what altitude did Columbia reenter the atmosphere, marking entry interface?
A) 231,600 feet (70.6 km)
B) 300,000 feet
C) 350,000 feet
D) 400,000 feet (120 km)
  • 52. What did astronauts test during the first EVA of STS-114?
A) Space suit enhancements
B) Advanced communication devices
C) Tile repair tool, the Emittance Wash Applicator
D) New navigation systems
  • 53. Who was the mission's pilot on STS-107?
A) Rick Husband
B) Michael Anderson
C) William McCool
D) David Brown
  • 54. Who was the NASA Administrator that convened the Columbia Accident Investigation Board (CAIB)?
A) An anonymous military official
B) Harold W. Gehman, Jr.
C) Sean O'Keefe
D) A civilian analyst
  • 55. Who chaired the Columbia Accident Investigation Board (CAIB)?
A) Sean O'Keefe
B) An anonymous military official
C) Retired US Navy Admiral Harold W. Gehman, Jr.
D) A civilian analyst
  • 56. When did the first Return to Flight mission (STS-114) launch?
A) May 2009
B) July 1, 2006
C) February 4, 2003
D) July 26, 2005
  • 57. When was the STS-107 mission originally scheduled to launch?
A) January 11, 2001
B) December 25, 2000
C) February 14, 2001
D) January 16, 2003
  • 58. How many members of the Texas Army National Guard were deployed after the disaster?
A) 500 members
B) 300 members
C) 100 members
D) 50 members
  • 59. By what month had the CAIB expanded to 13 members?
A) February
B) April
C) May
D) March
  • 60. What was the first part of Columbia supercomputer system named after?
A) Rick Husband
B) Michael Anderson
C) David Brown
D) Kalpana Chawla
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