Angkor I - Quiz
  • 1. Who founded Angkor I?
A) Jayavarman VII
B) Indravarman I
C) Suryavarman II
D) Jayavarman II
  • 2. What is the main temple in Angkor I called?
A) Angkor Wat
B) Bakong
C) Ta Prohm
D) Bayon
  • 3. Which famous city is near Angkor I?
A) Phnom Penh
B) Ho Chi Minh City
C) Siem Reap
D) Hanoi
  • 4. Who discovered Angkor I in the 19th century?
A) Henri Mouhot
B) Vasco da Gama
C) Marco Polo
D) Christopher Columbus
  • 5. What is the meaning of the term 'Angkor'?
A) Temple
B) City
C) River
D) Mountain
  • 6. What is the main material used to build Angkor I temples?
A) Granite
B) Marble
C) Sandstone
D) Limestone
  • 7. What is the capital of Cambodia?
A) Phnom Penh
B) Bangkok
C) Kuala Lumpur
D) Singapore
  • 8. What kind of structure is Angkor Wat?
A) Library
B) Temple
C) Fortress
D) Palace
  • 9. What is the original meaning of the name 'Angkor'?
A) 'Temple complex', related to Angkor Wat
B) 'Kingdom', derived from the Khmer word nokor
C) 'Religious site', referring specifically to Hindu temples
D) 'Capital city', derived directly from Sanskrit
  • 10. Which religion was dominant in the ancient Khmer Empire?
A) Vaishnavism
B) Buddhism
C) Hinduism
D) Shaivism
  • 11. What is Angkor Wat primarily known as today?
A) The location where Jayavarman II declared himself a 'god-king'
B) The largest pre-industrial city in the world by surface area
C) One of Cambodia's major tourist attractions
D) A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1992
  • 12. What was Angkor considered to be due to its water management network?
A) 'Hydraulic city'
B) 'Architectural marvel'
C) 'Religious hub'
D) 'Agricultural center'
  • 13. Which temple was completed around 921 and named after the foster mother of Lord Krishna?
A) Bayon Temple
B) Ta Prohm
C) Angkor Wat
D) Yasodharapura
  • 14. What event led to Angkor's population migrating south to Longvek?
A) The 1431 sacking of Angkor by Ayutthaya
B) The declaration of Jayavarman II as a 'god-king'
C) Angkor being declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992
D) The construction of Angkor Wat
  • 15. What was the estimated population range that the agricultural systems in the Angkor area might have supported?
A) Less than 100,000 people
B) Over two million people annually as visitors
C) Between 750,000 and 1,000,000 people
D) About 500,000 people
  • 16. What was Angkor's fate after falling under Ayutthayan suzerainty in 1351?
A) It expanded its territory significantly
B) It was preserved as a religious site without any conflict
C) It became the capital of the Ayutthaya Kingdom
D) It eventually faced sacking by Ayutthaya in 1431, leading to a population migration
  • 17. What is one of the challenges faced in conserving Angkor?
A) Complete destruction of all temples
B) Lack of interest from tourists
C) Absence of any historical records
D) Problems in trying to preserve the site for future generations
  • 18. How many visitors approach Angkor annually?
A) Two million
B) Over five million
C) Exactly one thousand
D) Less than one million
  • 19. When did the transition from the Late Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age occur at Angkor?
A) 1000 BC
B) 300 AD
C) 420 BC
D) 500 AD
  • 20. Which temple complex in Angkor had remains of iron development?
A) Angkor Wat
B) Bayon
C) Ta Prohm
D) Preah Khan
  • 21. Which mountain was near the quarry used for stone in Angkor's construction?
A) Phnom Penh
B) Kulen Mountain
C) Mount Fuji
D) Mount Everest
  • 22. What does the outer wall of Angkor Wat represent?
A) Mountains enclosing the world
B) The walls of a palace
C) Deserts around a city
D) Rivers surrounding a kingdom
  • 23. What was one primary use of roads and canals in Angkor?
A) Religious ceremonies
B) Agricultural storage
C) Military defense
D) Transportation or trade
  • 24. How were nearby sites connected to Angkor?
A) Telegraph lines
B) Main roads
C) Many were connected with rivers
D) Footpaths
  • 25. What was one hypothesized benefit of roads and canals in Angkor?
A) Providing shelter during storms
B) Serving as marketplaces
C) Helping with contact among other empires
D) Facilitating religious pilgrimages
  • 26. How did roads in Angkor expand?
A) As the economy grew
B) Due to religious mandates
C) In response to population decline
D) With advancements in technology
  • 27. What did LiDAR reveal about cities after the decline of Angkor?
A) They expanded significantly
B) They developed advanced technology
C) They were sparsely populated
D) They became major trade hubs
  • 28. In which year did Jayavarman II declare himself 'universal monarch'?
A) 802 AD
B) 789 AD
C) 810 AD
D) 800 AD
  • 29. Which scholar connected Angkor's decline with the conversion to Theravada Buddhism?
A) Suryavarman II
B) Jayavarman VII
C) Zhou Daguan
D) George Coedès
  • 30. What replaced cultist statues of Buddha during the Hindu restoration?
A) Images of Brahma
B) Stupas
C) Statues of Vishnu
D) Lingams
  • 31. What was the epithet taken by Jayavarman II linking him to the cult of Siva?
A) Chakravartin
B) "god-king" (devaraja)
C) Universal monarch
D) Lion-man
  • 32. What was King Jayavarman VIII's religious affiliation?
A) Buddhist
B) Vaishnavite
C) Shaivite iconoclast
D) Jain
  • 33. Which temple served as the geographic and spiritual center of Angkor Thom?
A) Phimeanakas
B) Bayon
C) Preah Khan
D) Angkor Wat
  • 34. What religion did Jayavarman VII adopt as his personal faith, leading to significant changes in Angkorian temples?
A) Islam
B) Mahayana Buddhism
C) Hinduism
D) Theravada Buddhism
  • 35. In what year did the official capital move to Oudong?
A) 1618
B) 1865
C) 1500
D) 1431
  • 36. What is the meaning of the prefix 'Jaya' derived from Sanskrit?
A) God
B) Shield
C) Temple
D) Victory
  • 37. Which religion became the dominant faith in the Khmer kingdom from the 14th century?
A) Mahayana Buddhism
B) Islam
C) Theravada Buddhism
D) Hinduism
  • 38. What was the name of the central lingam erected by Indravarman I?
A) Indresvara
B) Hariharaesvara
C) Suryadesvara
D) Vishnusvara
  • 39. Which term refers to an 'open space' or 'wide plain' in Khmer architecture?
A) Gopura
B) Wat
C) Prasat
D) Baray
  • 40. What type of buildings in Angkorian times were made with perishable materials?
A) Marketplaces
B) Government offices
C) Religious edifices
D) Non-religious buildings
  • 41. Who celebrated the Khmer New Year in Angkor Wat in 1632?
A) Henri Mouhot
B) António da Madalena
C) Ukondafu Kazufusa
D) Anna Leonowens
  • 42. Which ancient city is noted as the nearest in size to Angkor before the Industrial Revolution?
A) Babylon
B) Rome
C) Tikal
D) Athens
  • 43. When did Western tourism to Angkor begin?
A) 1990s
B) 1980s
C) 1960s
D) 1970s
  • 44. How many people were required to service the Ta Prohm temple complex?
A) 20,000
B) 12,640
C) 50,000
D) 5,000
  • 45. How many major temples or buildings are found within the Angkor area?
A) Around 72
B) 50
C) 100
D) 30
  • 46. During whose reign did Zhou Daguan visit Angkor?
A) Suryavarman II
B) Indravarman III
C) Jayavarman VII
D) Yasovarman I
  • 47. How many new archaeological sites have been discovered by UNESCO at Angkor?
A) Dozens
B) Hundreds
C) Tens
D) Thousands
  • 48. Which mountain was represented by an elevated temple in the Khmer Empire?
A) Mount Meru
B) Phnom Kulen
C) Kailash Mountain
D) Mount Everest
  • 49. What does the name 'Ta Prohm' mean?
A) Sacred sword
B) Victory of Indra
C) Protected by Surya, the sun-god
D) Ancestor Brahma
  • 50. How did Zhou Daguan refer to the Shaivites in his writings?
A) Brahmans
B) Taoists
C) Hindus
D) Buddhists
  • 51. What is the meaning of the Khmer word 'Thom'?
A) Large
B) Temple
C) City
D) Fortress
  • 52. What was the divine component of the royal personality cult during King Jayavarman VII's reign?
A) Vishnu
B) The bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara
C) Brahma
D) Shiva
  • 53. What agency is responsible for overseeing the management of Angkor?
A) APSARA.
B) UNESCO.
C) World Monuments Fund.
D) Cambodian Ministry of Tourism.
  • 54. Who was the first recorded European visitor to Angkor Wat?
A) Anna Leonowens in 1865
B) Henri Mouhot in 1860
C) António da Madalena, a 16th-century Portuguese friar
D) Louis Delaporte
  • 55. Which natural disaster is NOT mentioned as a potential cause of Angkor's decline?
A) Bubonic Plague
B) Volcanic eruptions
C) Earthquakes
D) Extreme flooding
  • 56. What was the approximate size of Angkor at its peak compared to modern cities?
A) Comparable to Tokyo
B) Larger than London
C) Greater than modern Paris
D) Similar to New York City
  • 57. What material were the images of Buddha made from, as observed by Zhou Daguan?
A) Wood
B) Bronze
C) Gilded plaster
D) Stone
  • 58. What title did Suryavarman II use to identify with Vishnu?
A) "Paramavishnuloka"
B) "Indresvara"
C) "Hariharaesvara"
D) "Devaraja"
  • 59. What is the meaning of the Sanskrit term 'Esvara' or 'Isvara'?
A) Victory
B) Shield
C) God
D) King
  • 60. Which organization directed the restoration work at Angkor from 1907 to 1970?
A) École française d'Extrême-Orient
B) UNESCO
C) APSARA Authority
D) World Monuments Fund
  • 61. What was the primary role of Brahmans according to Zhou Daguan's observations?
A) Artisans
B) High officials
C) Monks
D) Priests
  • 62. Which deity is associated with Shaivism at Angkor?
A) Vishnu
B) Indra
C) Brahma
D) Shiva
  • 63. In which century did Japanese settlements appear at Angkor?
A) 18th century
B) 16th century
C) 17th century
D) 19th century
  • 64. In the face towers of the Bayon, King Jayavarman VII represented himself as which bodhisattva?
A) Maitreya
B) Vajrapani
C) Avalokiteshvara
D) Manjushri
  • 65. During which season does excessive pumping of groundwater occur at Angkor?
A) The rainy season.
B) The monsoon season.
C) The dry season.
D) The harvest season.
  • 66. What did Zhou Daguan describe as part of a royal procession in his account?
A) A dance performance by courtiers
B) A parade of elephants carrying treasures
C) The sovereign standing on an elephant, holding his sacred sword
D) A chariot race with the king
  • 67. What does the Khmer word 'Srei' mean when derived from Sanskrit strī?
A) Victory
B) Shield
C) Beauty, splendor, or glory
D) Woman
  • 68. Who was the Chinese diplomat that visited Angkor in 1296 and wrote about his observations?
A) Zhou Daguan
B) Marco Polo
C) Ibn Battuta
D) Fa Xian
  • 69. What color robes did the Theravada Buddhist monks wear according to Zhou Daguan?
A) Red
B) White
C) Blue
D) Yellow
  • 70. What material was used for the king's residence in Angkorian times?
A) Brick
B) Stone
C) Wood
D) Metal
  • 71. What organization has been working on conserving Angkor since 1992?
A) UNESCO
B) Cambodian Government
C) International Council on Monuments and Sites
D) World Heritage Committee
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