- 1. Which aspect of the correctional system involves the confinement of offenders in prisons or jails for the purposes of custody, treatment, and rehabilitation?
A) Institutional Correction
B) Diversion Program
C) Probation and Parole
D) Court Supervision
E) Community-Based Correction
- 2. What is the agency under the Department of Justice (DOJ) responsible for the custody and rehabilitation of national offenders sentenced to more than three (3) years?
A) BJMP
B) Parole and Probation Administration
C) Provincial Jail Administrator's Office
D) DOJ-PPA
E) BuCor
- 3. Which agency, under the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG), is responsible for the management of city, district, and municipal jails?
A) BuCor
B) Philippine National Police (PNP)
C) Bureau of Immigration
D) BJMP
E) Provincial Jail Administration
- 4. What is the supervising agency for the Bureau of Corrections (BuCor)?
A) Office of the President
B) Supreme Court
C) National Police Commission
D) DILG
E) DOJ
- 5. Which department is the supervising agency for the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP)?
A) DOJ
B) Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)
C) Department of Health (DOH)
D) DILG
E) Department of National Defense (DND)
- 6. A convicted person sentenced to serve a prison term of three (3) years and one (1) day or more, falling under the jurisdiction of BuCor, is officially classified as a:
A) Provincial Prisoner
B) National Offender
C) City Inmate
D) Juvenile Delinquent
E) Local Detainee
- 7. Which facility, managed by the BJMP, is intended for detainees within large cities or clustered municipalities?
A) Penal Colony
B) City Jail
C) Municipal Jail
D) Provincial Jail
E) District Jail
- 8. What is the BJMP-managed facility for inmates sentenced with a penalty from one (1) day to three (3) years imprisonment, and detainees?
A) . Provincial Jail
B) National Penitentiary
C) City Jail
D) District Jail
E) Municipal Lock-up
- 9. What type of correctional facility is usually managed by the provincial government, confining offenders sentenced from six (6) months and one (1) day to three (3) years?
A) Provincial Jail
B) Regional Penitentiary
C) City Jail
D) District Jail
E) Municipal Jail
- 10. What is the title for the uniformed personnel of the BuCor or BJMP responsible for the custody, security, and rehabilitation of Persons Deprived of Liberty (PDL)?
A) Police Officer
B) Security Personnel
C) Jail Guard
D) Prison Administrator
E) Corrections Officer
- 11. What is the title of the official in charge of a jail facility, often holding the rank of Chief Inspector or Superintendent in the BJMP?
A) Prison Director
B) Warden
C) Chief of Security
D) Superintendent
E) Administrator
- 12. What is the title of the officer in charge of a BuCor penal institution or colony?
A) Chief Inspector
B) Jail Administrator
C) Warden
D) Director-General
E) Superintendent
- 13. What is the term for the "inmate record or jacket" that contains the personal and criminal records of an inmate, including the commitment order and court decisions?
A) Mittimus
B) Indictment
C) Habeas Corpus
D) Carpeta
E) Affidavit
- 14. What is the term for the study of the punishment of crime and prison management?
A) Victimology
B) Penal Science (Penology)
C) Sociology
D) Criminalistics
E) Criminology
- 15. The systematic management of jails, prisons, and other institutions charged with the rehabilitation of criminals is known as:
A) Penology
B) Criminological Research
C) Jail Operations
D) Correctional Administration
E) Security Management
- 16. What is the official term in the Philippines referring to an inmate or prisoner—any person under custody in a jail or prison?
A) Person Deprived of Liberty (PDL)
B) Convicted Felon
C) Subject Person
D) Prisoner of War
E) Law Violator
- 17. A person confined in jail or prison while awaiting or undergoing trial or pending the review of their case, and is not yet convicted, is known as a:
A) Convict
B) Probationer
C) Re-entry Client
D) Parolee
E) Detainee
- 18. A person who has been found guilty of a crime and is serving a final sentence of imprisonment is referred to as a:
A) Suspect
B) Complainant
C) Respondent
D) Convict
E) Accused
- 19. What is the generic term for a person committed to a correctional institution?
A) Client
B) Offender
C) Inmate
D) Adversary
E) Petitioner
- 20. A person under eighteen (18) years old who is alleged as, accused of, or adjudged as having committed an offense is specifically called a:
A) Youth Offender (CICL)
B) Petty Criminal
C) Delinquent Adult
D) Adult Offender
E) Felon
- 21. Which document is a written order from a court or competent authority that legally entrusts an inmate to a jail or prison for the purpose of safekeeping?
A) Mittimus
B) Detention Receipt
C) Sentence Endorsement
D) Warrant of Arrest
E) Commitment Order
- 22. What is the specific warrant issued by a court that directs the jail or prison to officially receive a convicted offender for the service of their sentence?
A) Safekeeping Mandate
B) . Judgment of Sentence
C) Mittimus
D) Commitment Order
E) Order of Conviction
- 23. What mandate of the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) or Bureau of Corrections (BuCor) focuses on ensuring the secure and humane containment of Persons Deprived of Liberty (PDLs), primarily preventing escapes?
A) Safekeeping
B) Public Security
C) Reformation
D) Discipline Maintenance
E) Rehabilitation
- 24. Which mandate of the BJMP/BuCor aims to instill spiritual, moral, social, and psychological changes in a PDL to enable them to become law-abiding citizens?
A) Institutional Training
B) Custody
C) Reformation
D) Safekeeping
E) Security
- 25. A Person Deprived of Liberty (PDL) who is considered highly dangerous and requires a greater degree of security and supervision due to an escape risk or capability to launch violence is classified as a:
A) Recidivist
B) High-Risk Inmate
C) Heinous Crime Offender
D) Medium-Risk Inmate
E) Maximum Security PDL
- 26. This type of PDL cannot be trusted in the minimum security compound, but whose escape is considered unlikely, thereby requiring a moderate level of security and supervision:
A) Medium-Risk Inmate
B) High-Risk Inmate
C) Minimum-Risk Inmate
D) Low-Security Inmate
E) Reformatory Inmate
- 27. A PDL who may be reasonably trusted to serve their sentence under minimum security, and who is typically near the end of their sentence, is categorized as a:
A) Correctional Client
B) Medium-Risk Inmate
C) Trustworthy PDL
D) Minimum-Risk Inmate
E) Open-Compound Inmate
- 28. An offender who, after conviction by final judgment, commits a new felony before beginning to serve the former sentence, or while serving the same, is known as a:
A) Habitual Delinquent
B) Persistent Criminal
C) Repeat Offender
D) Heinous Criminal
E) Recidivist
- 29. What term describes crimes that are grievous, odious, and hateful, and are repugnant to the common standards of civilized society, often defined by laws like R.A. 7659?
A) High-Impact Offense
B) Moral Turpitude
C) Heinous Crime
D) Atrocious Felony
E) Capital Offense
- 30. What is the main national penitentiary of the Philippines, located in Muntinlupa City and under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Corrections (BuCor)?
A) San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm
B) Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm
C) National Penitentiary Complex
D) New Bilibid Prison (NBP)
E) Correctional Institution for Women
- 31. Which section of a prison or jail is designated for PDLs serving long sentences or those with a history of escape or serious institutional offenses, requiring the highest level of physical measures?
A) Maximum Security Compound
B) High-Containment Facility
C) High-Risk Ward
D) Disciplinary Compound
E) High-Risk Ward
- 32. This prison section is for PDLs whose conduct and progress show that they are ready for a lesser degree of supervision than maximum security inmates, but still require structured confinement:
A) Medium Security Compound
B) General Population Compound
C) Semi-Open Facility
D) Minimum Security Compound
E) Transitional Compound
- 33. Which section of a prison or jail houses PDLs who can already be trusted to work outside the main compound and whose risk of escape is determined to be very low?
A) Penal Farm Annex
B) Open-Air Compound
C) Minimum Security Compound
D) Rehabilitation Center
E) Trustee Compound
- 34. What is a type of prison facility, often agricultural, where PDLs work and live in semi-open conditions, such as the Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm?
A) Work Camp
B) Prison Farm
C) Penal Colony
D) Reformation Center
E) Semi-Open Penitentiary
- 35. What disciplinary measure involves confining an inmate alone in a cell as a form of punishment for a serious rule infraction?
A) Quarantine
B) Segregation
C) Isolation/Solitary Confinement
D) Bartolina
E) Strict Custody
- 36. What is the Filipino term specifically used to refer to a solitary confinement cell?
A) Piitan
B) Selda
C) Bartolina
D) Detention Room
E) Kulungan
- 37. Any article, item, or thing prohibited by law and/or forbidden by jail/prison rules (categorized as either illegal or nuisance) is referred to as:
A) Prohibited Item
B) Security Threat
C) Contraband
D) Illicit Goods
E) Forbidden Material
- 38. What is the term for a device, such as handcuffs or leg irons, used by correctional staff to hold back, keep in, check, or control an inmate?
A) Coercive Device
B) Custodial Appliance
C) Protective Gear
D) Disciplinary Tool
E) Instrument of Restraint
- 39. The guarding and control of the PDL by BuCor or BJMP to ensure public safety and to prevent escape or unlawful acts is defined as:
A) Supervision
B) Security
C) Containment
D) Safekeeping
E) Custody
- 40. Which term refers to the physical measures and procedures utilized to prevent escapes and to maintain order and discipline within a correctional facility?
A) Institutional Control
B) Perimeter Management
C) Safekeeping Protocol
D) Custody
E) Security
- 41. Which term refers to the unlawful departure of a PDL from the physical confines of a correctional facility?
A) Evasion
B) Jailbreak
C) Absconding
D) Parole Violation
E) Escape
- 42. The escape from jail by more than two (2) inmates, usually by the use of force, threat, or violence, is specifically known as a:
A) Contraband violation
B) Mass Insubordination
C) Mutiny
D) Riot
E) Jailbreak
- 43. What is the process of physically counting the Persons Deprived of Liberty (PDLs) to ensure that none have escaped and that the official count matches the physical presence?
A) Inspection
B) Roll Call
C) Muster
D) Head Count
E) Census
- 44. A physical search of a person that involves the removal of their clothing to check for concealed contraband is called a:
A) Body Cavity Search
B) Pat Down
C) Contraband Sweep
D) Strip Search
E) Comprehensive Frisk
- 45. What is a comprehensive search of a prison cell or area, often done unannounced, to discover weapons or contraband?
A) Shakedown
B) Contraband Sweep
C) Cell Audit
D) Inventory Check
E) Inspection
- 46. Which term denotes the penalty imposed by the court upon a person convicted of a crime?
A) Sentence
B) Punishment
C) Sanction
D) Judgment
E) Verdict
- 47. A sentence where the court imposes a minimum and maximum period of imprisonment, allowing for potential parole after serving the minimum, is called a/an:
A) Straight Sentence
B) Indeterminate Sentence
C) Commuted Sentence
D) Fixed Term
E) Life Sentence
- 48. What is the term for a sentence where the court imposes a fixed, definite period of imprisonment without a minimum and maximum term?
A) Life Sentence
B) Straight Sentence
C) Indeterminate Sentence
D) Commuted Sentence
E) Capital Sentence
- 49. The penalty of imprisonment for a duration of 20 years and 1 day to 40 years, with accessory penalties, and is NOT a life sentence in the Philippine context is known as:
A) Prision Mayor
B) Reclusion Temporal
C) Prision Correccional
D) Destierro
E) Reclusion Perpetua
- 50. Which term refers to the death penalty, even though it has been abolished in the Philippines, but still represents the maximum penalty for heinous crimes?
A) Capital Punishment
B) Reclusion Perpetua
C) Straight Sentence
D) Life Imprisonment
E) Extreme Penalty
- 51. The time a PDL spends in custody while their case is ongoing or pending resolution, which may be credited to their sentence, is called the:
A) Bail Duration
B) Probationary Phase
C) Pre-trial Confinement
D) Detention Period
E) Sentence Incarceration
- 52. What is the deduction from the period of an inmate's prison sentence corresponding to the period during which he or she faithfully complies with the rules and regulations of the facility?
A) Mandatory Reduction Time (MRT)
B) Statutory Good Time
C) Executive Clemency
D) Good Conduct Time Allowance (GCTA)
E) Special Time Allowance for Loyalty (STAL)
- 53. What allows for a deduction of one-fifth (1/5) of the period of the sentence of any PDL who chooses to stay in the facility during a calamity or disorder instead of attempting to escape?
A) Executive Clemency
B) Special Time Allowance for Loyalty (STAL)
C) Penalty
D) Commutation of Sentence
E) Disaster Relief Credit
- 54. The suffering inflicted by the state for the transgression of a law is broadly defined as:
A) Sentence
B) Fine
C) Penalty
D) Imprisonment
E) Punishment
- 55. The date when the PDL has fully served the time imposed by the court, considering any deductions (GCTA, etc.), is known as the:
A) Release Date
B) Parole Eligibility Date
C) Maximum Sentence Date
D) Expiration of Sentence
E) Discharge Date
- 56. The process of restoring an offender to a useful life through vocational, educational, social, and spiritual programs is referred to as:
A) Deterrence
B) Correction
C) Rehabilitation
D) Treatment
E) Penology
- 57. Which treatment approach focuses on holistic and behavioral change, used extensively in BJMP and BuCor for rehabilitation?
A) Restorative Justice Program
B) Therapeutic Community (TC) Modality
C) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
D) Psychoanalytic Approach
E) Transactional Analysis
- 58. What type of program provides vocational or skills training to PDLs to prepare them for employment and self-sufficiency upon release?
A) TC Modality
B) Educational Program
C) Moral and Spiritual Program
D) Livelihood Program
E) Work-Release Program
- 59. Activities offering literacy, elementary, high school, and even college-level education to PDLs are classified as a/an:
A) Academic Workshop
B) Socio-Cultural Activity
C) Vocational Training
D) Skills Development
E) Educational Program
- 60. Activities aimed at religious and spiritual growth, counseling, and values formation for PDLs are categorized as a/an:
A) Educational Program
B) Social Welfare Program
C) Therapeutic Community
D) Moral and Spiritual Program
E) Livelihood Program
- 61. A committee within the institution responsible for hearing cases of PDLs who have violated prison or jail rules and recommending appropriate disciplinary action is known as the:
A) Grievance Committee
B) Parole and Release Committee
C) Custodial Management Unit
D) Disciplinary Board
E) Classification Committee
- 62. The suffering inflicted on a person for an offense or violation is defined as:
A) Restitution
B) Rehabilitation
C) Punishment
D) Censure
E) Forfeiture
- 63. The use of physical force to discipline an inmate, which is strictly prohibited by international and local regulations, is specifically called:
A) Strict Discipline
B) Corporal Punishment
C) Solitary Confinement
D) Physical Restraint
E) Segregation
- 64. What is a formal complaint filed by a PDL regarding their treatment, conditions, or the actions of facility personnel?
A) Writ of Habeas Corpus
B) Appeal
C) Grievance
D) Request for Inquiry
E) Incident Report
- 65. The separation of a PDL from the general population, usually for disciplinary reasons or for their own protection, is referred to as:
A) Isolation
B) Transfer
C) Segregation
D) Quarantine
E) Solitary Confinement
- 66. What term describes the state of overcrowding in correctional facilities, which is a major challenge in Philippine jails and prisons?
A) Inundation
B) Over-capacity
C) Population Density
D) Saturation
E) Congestion
- 67. A term used for the joint BuCor/BJMP K-9 and search operations conducted to seize weapons, illegal drugs, and other contraband is:
A. S.W.A.T. Operations
A) Greyhounds
B) Custodial Inspection
C) Oplan Galugad
D) Contraband Sweep
E) S.W.A.T. Operations
- 68. A general term referring to jails and prisons where Persons Deprived of Liberty (PDLs) are held is:
A) Correctional Hospital
B) Half-Way House
C) Custodial Facility
D) Reformatory Center
E) Detention Center
- 69. Which specialized unit utilizes trained dogs for security, search, and detection of contraband and illegal substances?
A) Patrol Division
B) Canine Corps
C) K-9 Unit
D) S.A.R. Team
E) Specialized Security Team
- 70. The BuCor/BJMP program for visitation through online or social media platforms to maintain PDL family ties is known as:
A) Online Kumustahan
B) Remote Connect
C) E-Dalaw
D) Virtual Visit
E) Digital Familia
- 71. The designated time and process for allowing family, friends, and lawyers to visit the PDL is called:
A) Family Day
B) Access Privilege
C) PDL Socializing Time
D) Interpersonal Relations Hour
E) Inmate Visitation
- 72. The system of grouping PDLs for work, study, or sleeping arrangements is known as:
A) Group Dynamics
B) Cluster Formation
C) Sectioning
D) Cohorting
E) Brigading
- 73. A thorough external search of a clothed PDL or visitor for weapons or obvious contraband is a:
A) Full Body Search
B) Strip Search
C) Frisking Procedure
D) Pat-down Search
E) Random Inspection
- 74. A correctional facility where PDLs are released from a maximum security setting to prepare them for full reintegration into the community is a:
A) Community Service Center
B) Half-Way House
C) Minimum Security Camp
D) Residential Treatment Center
E) Rehabilitation Center
- 75. Groups within the facility formed by PDLs for mutual support, spiritual growth, or rehabilitation activities are examples of a:
A) Interest Group
B) PDL Cooperative
C) Gang
D) Self-Help Organization
E) Inmate Council
- 76. What is the main law in the Philippines that defines crimes and prescribes penalties, including imprisonment?
A) Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act
B) Rules of Criminal Procedure
C) Revised Penal Code (RPC)
D) Code of Ethics
E) New Civil Code
- 77. Which law is known as the BuCor Modernization Act, which strengthens the agency and professionalizes its personnel?
A) Republic Act 9346
B) Republic Act 7659
C) Republic Act 10575
D) Republic Act 6975
E) Republic Act 9263
- 78. The law creating the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG), which includes the establishment of the BJMP, is:
A) Republic Act 10575
B) Republic Act 8551
C) Republic Act 6975
D) Republic Act 9708
E) Republic Act 9263
- 79. International standards that guide the management and operations of correctional facilities globally, adopted by the Philippines, are officially known as the:
A) UN Guidelines for Correctional Management
B) Bangkok Rules
C) United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (Nelson Mandela Rules)
D) Geneva Conventions on Incarceration
E) Tokyo Rules
- 80. What is the constitutional right of a PDL to fair legal proceedings, including disciplinary hearings, before being deprived of any right or privilege?
A) Due Process
B) Equal Protection
C) Presumption of Innocence
D) Right to Counsel
E) Habeas Corpus
- 81. What is the correctional process called that involves treating convicted offenders within the community, instead of confining them in a jail or prison, and includes programs like probation and parole?
A) Non-Institutional Correction
B) Community Service Sentencing
C) Institutional Correction
D) Diversion Program
E) Penology
- 82. What is the collective term for correctional activities, services, and supervision provided to offenders in the free community specifically to facilitate their rehabilitation and reintegration?
A) Community-Based Program
B) Prison-to-Community Transition
C) Jail Management System
D) Halfway House Confinement
E) Outpatient Correctional Services
- 83. Which government agency, under the Department of Justice (DOJ), is responsible for administering the Probation and Parole systems and supervising conditional pardonees in the Philippines?
A) Parole and Probation Administration (PPA)
B) Board of Pardons and Parole (BPP)
C) Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP)
D) Bureau of Corrections (BuCor)
E) Office of the President
- 84. Which collegial body, created under Act No. 4103, determines the eligibility of inmates for release on Parole or Conditional Pardon and recommends Executive Clemency to the President?
A) National Bureau of Investigation (NBI)
B) Department of Justice (DOJ)
C) Juvenile Justice and Welfare Council (JJWC)
D) Board of Pardons and Parole (BPP)
E) Parole and Probation Administration (PPA)
- 85. Republic Act No. 4103, which mandates the court to impose a minimum and maximum term of imprisonment and makes the offender eligible for parole after serving the minimum term, is also known as what?
A) Probation Law
B) Juvenile Justice Act
C) Indeterminate Sentence Law (ISL)
D) Executive Clemency Act
E) Revised Penal Code
- 86. Presidential Decree (PD) No. 968, which established the Probation System for adult offenders in the Philippines, is officially known as the:
A) Correctional Rehabilitation Act
B) Parole System Decree
C) Restorative Justice Mandate
D) Probation Law
E) Conditional Pardon Act
- 87. What is the term for the power of the President of the Philippines to lighten or set aside the sentence of a convicted offender, which includes Absolute Pardon, Conditional Pardon, Commutation of Sentence, and Reprieve?
A) Amnesty Proclamation
B) Writ of Habeas Corpus
C) Judicial Review
D) Executive Clemency
E) Legislative Intervention
- 88. Which of the following is the primary goal of non-institutional correction, focusing on helping the offender transition back into society as a law-abiding, productive citizen?
A) Strict Deterrence
B) Reintegration
C) Solitary Confinement
D) Retribution
E) Incapacitation
- 89. What key metric, which community-based correction programs aim to reduce, refers to the act of a convicted offender committing another crime after having been released from supervision or confinement?
A) Crime Index
B) Habitual Delinquency
C) Recidivism
D) Desistance
E) Rehabilitation Failure
- 90. What philosophy and process focuses on repairing the harm caused by criminal behavior, primarily through victim-offender mediation and active community involvement?
A) Restorative Justice
B) Classical Criminology
C) Therapeutic Jurisprudence
D) Positivist School
E) Deterrence Theory
- 91. What client-centered treatment approach adopted by the PPA views the community (the PPA office, family, and neighborhood) as the main vehicle for an individual offender's change and rehabilitation?
A) Pharmacological Intervention
B) Moral Reconation Therapy (MRT)
C) Psychoanalytic Approach
D) Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
E) Therapeutic Community Modality (TCM)
- 92. What is the generic term used by the Parole and Probation Administration (PPA) to refer to any person currently under its supervision, such as a probationer, parolee, or conditional pardonee?
A) Ward
B) Inmate
C) Client
D) Subject
E) Beneficiary
- 93. What statutory sentence deduction is granted to an inmate for exemplary behavior while confined, potentially expediting their eligibility for parole or executive clemency?
A) Special Confinement Leave (SCL)
B) Community Service Credit (CSC)
C) Disciplinary Merit Credit (DMC)
D) Indeterminate Sentence Credit (ISC)
E) Good Conduct Time Allowance (GCTA)
- 94. What is the court disposition for a minor/youth offender or first-time minor drug offender where the court imposes a sentence but its execution is postponed or held in abeyance, subject to specific conditions?
A) Conditional Release
B) Suspended Sentence
C) Deferred Prosecution
D) Judicial Review
E) Plea Bargaining
- 95. What is the term for the act of a client (probationer, parolee, or pardonee) deliberately failing to report to their supervising officer, thereby evading supervision?
A) Evasion of Service
B) Desertion
C) Non-Compliance
D) Violation of Condition
E) Absconding
- 96. Which disposition releases a convicted defendant, after sentence, subject to court conditions and supervision by a Probation Officer, as an alternative to imprisonment?
A) Furlough
B) Probation
C) Parole
D) Clemency
E) Conditional Release
- 97. A convicted defendant whose application for probation has been granted by the court and is now under supervision is called a:
A) Probationer
B) Respondent
C) Parolee
D) Petitioner
E) Grantee
- 98. What is the term for a convicted defendant who has filed an application or petition for probation?
A) Petitioner
B) Accused
C) Respondent
D) Applicant
E) Probationer
- 99. Which court document contains the terms and conditions under which a convicted person is officially granted probation?
A) Supervision Contract
B) Probation Order
C) Warrant of Arrest
D) Judgment of Conviction
E) Sentence Mittimus
- 100. Which term refers to the statutory limitations that bar an offender from applying for probation, such as being sentenced to more than six years or being previously convicted of an offense?
A) Mandatory Denial
B) Statutory Immunity
C) Judicial Restriction
D) Disqualification for Probation
E) Ineligibility Clause
|