Rustication (architecture) - Quiz
Rustication architecture
  • 1. What is the architectural feature where the face of each stone is shaped like a low pyramid?
A) Ashlar masonry
B) Manueline vaulting
C) Diamond rustication
D) Mudéjar patterning
  • 2. Which building in Ferrara is noted for being covered in diamond rustication?
A) Palazzo dei Diamanti
B) Casa dos Bicos
C) Palacio de Jabalquinto
D) Černín Palace
  • 3. In what year was the Palace of Facets in the Moscow Kremlin completed?
A) 1523
B) 1585
C) 1492
D) 1503
  • 4. Which Italian city is home to the Palace of Facets?
A) Milan
B) Ferrara
C) Moscow
D) Catania
  • 5. What architectural style is associated with the sharply pointed diamond styles?
A) Classical
B) Baroque
C) Renaissance
D) Late Gothic
  • 6. What are non-figurative raised masonry decorations called?
A) Ashlar
B) Bossage
C) Mudéjar
D) Isabelline
  • 7. Where is the Casa dos Bicos located?
A) Spain
B) Scotland
C) Italy
D) Portugal
  • 8. Which castle in Scotland features diamond rustication on all its stones?
A) Černín Palace
B) Palazzo dei Diamanti
C) Crichton Castle
D) Castello Sforzesco
  • 9. What happened to the points of the diamond stones at the Castello Sforzesco?
A) They were gilded
B) They were smoothed over
C) They were sharpened
D) They were removed entirely
  • 10. What are the two main forms of prismatic rustication mentioned?
A) Pyramids and ridges
B) Flat and concave
C) Circles and squares
D) Ashlar and bossage
  • 11. The Palacio de Jabalquinto is located in which region?
A) Andalucia
B) Moscow
C) Central Europe
D) Sicily
  • 12. Which architectural style was popular in Spain as an equivalent to Manueline Gothic?
A) Isabelline Gothic
B) Mudéjar
C) Baroque
D) Classical
  • 13. In the Baroque period, where was diamond rustication often used as a highlight?
A) Western Scotland
B) Sicily and southern Italy
C) Northern Portugal
D) Northern Russia
  • 14. When was the Černín Palace in Prague constructed?
A) 1660s
B) 1500s
C) 1580s
D) 1490s
  • 15. What is the primary influence suggested for the patterns of bossage?
A) Byzantine mosaic styles
B) Mudéjar styles
C) Egyptian pyramid styles
D) Classical Roman styles
  • 16. Which type of rustication is the most commonly seen today?
A) Vermiculated
B) Prismatic
C) Smooth-faced
D) Cyclopian
  • 17. In banded rustication, which joints are usually minimized?
A) Horizontal joints
B) Vertical joints
C) Diagonal joints
D) Mitered joints
  • 18. What is the origin of the word 'vermiculation'?
A) The Latin word for little worm
B) A Roman architectural term for mud
C) The Greek word for rough stone
D) The name of a famous mason
  • 19. What does 'reticulated' mean in the context of vermiculated rustication?
A) The blocks are arranged in a circular formation
B) The shapes join up to form a network
C) The stones are polished until they shine
D) The patterns are carved in straight lines
  • 20. Where is banded rustication frequently found on large buildings?
A) Around the roofline
B) On the lowest levels
C) On the interior columns
D) Only on the upper floors
  • 21. What is 'frost-work' often used to evoke?
A) The texture of animal fur
B) Icicles or hanging pond-weed
C) Jagged mountain peaks
D) Worm tracks in mud
  • 22. What is the primary feature of 'prismatic rustication'?
A) Blocks are left completely raw and un-cut
B) Blocks are dressed at an angle near each edge
C) Blocks are painted in vibrant colors
D) Blocks are embedded with small gemstones
  • 23. Which architect is mentioned as having illustrated several types of rustication?
A) Vitruvius
B) Palladio
C) James Gibbs
D) Serlio
  • 24. What is the main difference between smooth-faced rustication and ashlar?
A) The cutting in at the joints
B) The texture of the stone face
C) The type of stone used
D) The weight of the individual blocks
  • 25. What are 'elbowed' bands in rustication?
A) Bands that are left un-smoothed
B) Bands that run strictly horizontally
C) Bands that dip diagonally around arches
D) Bands that form a circular pattern
  • 26. What is 'picked-work' in rustication?
A) The use of metal tools to inlay patterns
B) Indented patterns on the central area of stones
C) A technique for polishing the edges
D) The process of stacking rocks without mortar
  • 27. Which building is noted for having a large area of vermiculation?
A) The Foreign Office building
B) The Parliament House
C) The Turner Mausoleum
D) The Palace of Versailles
  • 28. Why are disparities often seen between individual vermiculated blocks?
A) Weathering affected some stones more than others
B) The stones were carved over several centuries
C) The stones were sourced from different quarries
D) Different carvers interpreted patterns differently
  • 29. What is the term for smooth, squared-block masonry that contrasts with rustication?
A) Cornice
B) Quoin
C) Voussoir
D) Ashlar
  • 30. What material did Donato Bramante use to imitate rustication in his Palazzo Caprini?
A) Marble
B) Terracotta
C) Stucco
D) Concrete
  • 31. Which architectural style was characterized by 'playing games' with rustication and stone projection?
A) Neoclassical
B) Brutalist
C) Mannerist
D) Gothic
  • 32. How does post-1700 rustication generally differ from 16th-century examples?
A) It is exclusively applied to interior walls
B) It uses much larger and heavier stones
C) It is significantly more uneven and rugged
D) It is highly regular with flat faces
  • 33. Which American architectural style is known for using massive contrasting rustications?
A) Federal Style
B) Richardsonian Romanesque
C) Art Deco
D) International Style
  • 34. What is the primary association that kept rustication uncommon in churches?
A) High construction costs
B) Structural incompatibility with stained glass
C) Military power
D) Religious modesty requirements
  • 35. What are the wedge-shaped stones used in arches called?
A) Voussoirs
B) Aedicules
C) Pilasters
D) Quoins
  • 36. What are the corner stones of a building often called when they feature rustication?
A) Mullions
B) Ashlar
C) Quoins
D) Voussoirs
  • 37. In which material is rustication imitation mainly found in British America?
A) Polished limestone
B) Wood
C) Granite
D) Cast iron
  • 38. In which century did feigned rustication become popular in New England?
A) 16th century
B) 17th century
C) 19th century
D) 18th century
  • 39. Which architectural style were New England carpenters trying to emulate with feigned rustication?
A) Modernist architecture
B) Gothic architecture
C) Palladian architecture
D) Baroque architecture
  • 40. Which Virginia estate is noted for its extensive use of feigned rustication and sanded paint?
A) Gunston Hall
B) Shirley Plantation
C) Monticello
D) Mount Vernon
  • 41. In the context of Central European architecture, what technique is often used for feigned rustication?
A) Sgraffito
B) Fresco
C) Gilding
D) Mosaic
  • 42. Which country is specifically mentioned for the use of sgraffito-based feigned rustication?
A) Germany
B) Czech Republic
C) Italy
D) France
  • 43. Which estate mentioned in the text besides Mount Vernon used feigned rustication?
A) Fallingwater
B) The White House
C) The Alamo
D) Monticello
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