A) Proof B) Fact C) Evidence D) Testimony
A) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt B) Preponderance of Evidence C) Substantial Evidence D) Circumstantial Evidence
A) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt B) Direct Evidence C) Substantial Evidence D) Preponderance of Evidence
A) Equipoise of Evidence B) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt C) Preponderance of Evidence D) Substantial Evidence
A) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt B) Substantial Evidence C) Preponderance of Evidence D) Equiponderance of Evidence
A) Equipoise of Evidence B) Preponderance of Evidence C) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt D) Substantial Evidence
A) Equipoise of Evidence B) Substantial Evidence C) Clear and Convincing Evidence D) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt
A) Substantial Evidence B) Preponderance of Evidence C) Equiponderance of Evidence D) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt
A) Equipoise of Evidence Rule B) Preponderance of Evidence C) Substantial Evidence Doctrine D) Best Evidence Rule
A) Proof B) Documentary Evidence C) Object Evidence D) Testimony
A) sumption of Innocence B) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt C) Substantial Evidence D) Preponderance of Evidence
A) Substantial Evidence B) Circumstantial Evidence C) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt D) Preponderance of Evidence
A) Best Evidence Rule B) Res Gestae C) Equiponderance Rule D) Rule of Preponderance
A) Clear and Convincing Evidence B) Preponderance of Evidence C) Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt D) Substantial Evidence
A) Admissible Evidence B) Cumulative Evidence C) Substantial Evidence D) Testimonial Evidence
A) The officer’s narration is testimonial; the gun itself is object evidence. B) Both the narration and the gun are testimonial evidence. C) The narration converts the gun into documentary evidence. D) The narration and the gun are both documentary evidence.
A) Authenticated by any person familiar with the signature appearing thereon. B) Presented through secondary evidence. C) Identified and compared by a handwriting expert alone. D) Admitted automatically since it is self-authenticating.
A) A surveillance video showing the accused receiving marked money is presented in court. The USB drive where the video is stored is considered. B) Circumstantial evidence because it implies guilt. C) Testimonial evidence since it reflects human narration. D) Demonstrative evidence since it illustrates an act.
A) Object evidence proves contents; documentary evidence proves physical existence. B) Both require authentication by handwriting experts. C) Object evidence must be identified by a witness who saw its connection to the crime; documentary evidence must be authenticated to prove its genuineness. D) Documentary evidence can be offered without a witness if material; object evidence cannot.
A) Private document requiring authentication. B) Object evidence needing physical identification. C) Secondary evidence subject to best evidence rule. D) Public document, admissible without further proof of its due execution.
A) Circumstantial evidence only. B) Documentary evidence because it is recorded C) Object (real) evidence, subject to proper identification and chain of custody. D) Testimonial evidence.
A) Mere hearsay and inadmissible, unless the affiant is presented for cross-examination. B) Self-authenticating documentary evidence. C) Testimonial evidence of high probative value. D) Real evidence under the rules.
A) Hearsay evidence, since it is not based on personal knowledge. B) Documentary evidence, since it has written markings. C) Circumstantial evidence, since it suggests but does not prove fact. D) Object evidence, since it is a tangible exhibit used to clarify testimony.
A) Neither, since the document is already lost. B) A photocopy or carbon copy, properly authenticated. C) Both A and B. D) Oral testimony as to its contents.
A) It was in the continuous custody of the police, establishing its chain of custody. B) The chemist’s testimony alone suffices for admissibility. C) It was photographed before trial. D) It was mentioned in the affidavit of arrest.
A) Testimonial evidence B) Circumstantial evidence C) Documentary evidence D) Object evidence
A) Hearsay evidence B) Documentary evidence C) Direct evidence D) Circumstantial evidence
A) Secondary evidence B) Documentary evidence C) Object evidence D) Primary evidence
A) Object evidence B) Hearsay evidence C) Documentary evidence D) Testimonial evidence
A) Demonstrative evidence B) Documentary evidence C) Object evidence D) Circumstantial evidence
A) Documentary evidence B) Circumstantial evidence C) Testimonial evidence D) Object evidence
A) Documentary evidence B) Circumstantial evidence C) Object evidence D) Direct evidence
A) Documentary evidence B) Demonstrative evidence C) Testimonial evidence D) Object evidence
A) Documentary evidence B) Testimonial evidence C) Hearsay evidence D) Direct evidence
A) Demonstrative evidence B) Circumstantial evidence C) Documentary evidence D) Object evidence
A) Object evidence B) Circumstantial evidence C) Direct evidence D) Documentary evidence
A) Secondary evidence B) Primary evidence C) Demonstrative evidence D) Documentary evidence
A) Direct evidence B) Demonstrative evidence C) Documentary evidence D) Object evidence
A) Circumstantial evidence B) Documentary evidence C) Hearsay evidence D) Direct evidence
A) Testimonial evidence B) Documentary evidence C) Circumstantial evidence D) Object evidence
A) Is presented by the prosecution only B) Supports the testimony of the witness C) Has a strong emotional impact on the jury D) Is relevant and not excluded by the Rules of Court
A) Supported by an affidavit B) Original and signed C) Competent and relevant D) Certified by a notary public
A) To limit the number of witnesses B) To ensure that only reliable and lawful evidence is considered by the court C) To favor the prosecution D) To ensure speedy trial
A) Testimony based on personal knowledge B) Documentary evidence authenticated by a custodian C) Evidence obtained in violation of constitutional rights D) Evidence properly identified in open court
A) Rule 131, Section 1 B) Rule 128, Section 3 C) Rule 129, Section 1 D) Rule 130, Section 4
A) Exclude it because it was obtained illegally B) Admit it because it proves guilt C) Admit the evidence because it is material D) Exclude it only if the defense objects
A) Admit it because it came from the accused B) Admit it because it was said in public C) Exclude it only if the defense requests D) Exclude it as it was not based on personal knowledge
A) Inadmissible for failure to comply with the best evidence rule B) Admissible as best evidence C) Admissible only if notarized D) Admissible since it is a copy
A) Admissible as an exception B) Inadmissible for violation of the right to counsel C) Admissible if reduced to writing D) Admissible if voluntarily made
A) Admit it if it favors the prosecution B) Exclude it automatically C) Admit it without question D) Admit it if authentication proves it is genuine
A) Admissible because it proves guilt B) Inadmissible because the method violated due process C) Inadmissible only if not signed by witnesses D) Admissible because entrapment is allowed
A) The declarant’s statement is presumed truthful due to impending death B) The statement was recorded C) It is supported by physical evidence D) The witness was credible
A) It must form an unbroken chain leading to a fair conclusion of guilt B) It must be supported by hearsay statements C) It must be direct and absolute D) It must be at least three circumstances only
A) Admissible because it was affirmed voluntarily B) Inadmissible because the original confession was tainted C) Inadmissible unless written D) Admissible only with corroboration
A) Automatically favor the prosecution B) Automatically favor the defense C) Give more weight to the more credible and consistent evidence D) Exclude both pieces of evidence
A) A statement identifying and describing the document’s purpose B) The oral testimony of the party C) The affidavit of the custodian D) The document alone
A) At the beginning of the case B) When the evidence is identified by the witness C) After all witnesses have testified D) During closing arguments
A) After cross-examination B) Before documentary evidence C) At the time the witness is called to testify D) After closing arguments
A) Reversal of judgment B) Exclusion of evidence C) Waiver of objection D) Suspension of proceedings
A) Guarantee appeal rights B) Allow the court to rule on admissibility C) Expedite the trial process D) Assist in witness examination
A) Considered but not given weight B) Disregarded by the court C) Valid if attached to pleadings D) Deemed admitted automatically
A) The witness is incompetent B) The evidence is irrelevant C) The testimony is cumulative D) The ground for objection is not apparent
A) In a written memorandum B) During cross-examination C) Before the answer is given D) After the witness answers
A) Move to strike out the testimony after it’s completed B) File a written motion later C) Object before the witness continues D) Let the witness finish then object
A) Admit it provisionally B) Deny it for lack of proper offer C) Admit it since it’s already marked D) Allow explanation later
A) The judge must disregard it B) The objection is waived C) The evidence becomes void D) The court may suspend proceedings
A) Withdraw and substitute it B) Show its connection to a material issue C) Refile it with an affidavit D) Argue that all evidence is relevant
A) Lack of authentication B) Violation of best evidence rule C) Improper cross-examination D) Irrelevance
A) The document should be excluded B) The court may still affirm the decision C) The ruling is discretionary D) The document is admissible
A) The appellate court must review the case B) The objection is deemed waived C) The evidence is void D) The evidence loses probative value
A) Any object presented for the inspection of the court B) Testimony given by a witness under oath C) Any written instrument offered as proof of facts in issue D) Oral statements made outside the courtroom
A) Filed before the start of trial B) Shown to the opposing counsel only C) Certified by the judge D) Identified and authenticated by a competent witness
A) Establish its genuineness and due execution B) Ensure that it was properly notarized C) Prove that it is the original document D) Confirm its availability for inspection
A) Filed in the records of the court B) Certified by the clerk of court C) Acknowledged by both parties D) Authenticated by someone who saw it executed or recognized the signature
A) Was written by a lawyer B) Bears the seal of the Republic of the Philippines C) Has been signed before a notary public D) Is executed or issued by a public officer in performance of official duties
A) Admission by stipulation only B) Presentation of secondary evidence upon proper explanation of loss C) Use of a photocopy without justification D) Substitution by oral testimony
A) The most persuasive evidence should be used B) All documents must be notarized C) The original document must be produced when the contents are in issue D) Only public documents are acceptable
A) Dismissed as irrelevant B) Treated as secondary evidence C) Excluded for lack of foundation D) Admitted without further proof
A) Request the court to assume the original was lost B) Present the photocopy immediately C) Submit an affidavit of loss only D) Prove the existence and loss of the original before introducing the copy
A) It requires comparison of handwriting B) It must be verified by both parties C) It must be accompanied by oral testimony D) It may be presented directly without further authentication
A) Hearsay rule B) Authentication of private document C) Parol evidence rule D) Best evidence rule
A) The document becomes automatically admissible without authentication B) The court disregards the admission C) The document must still be notarized D) The document still needs formal offer
A) A handwritten copy by the lawyer B) A copy certified by the legal custodian of the record C) A news article quoting the document D) Oral testimony of a government employee
A) The duplicate original is admissible as it has equal legal force B) The court must issue an order to produce the first copy C) The duplicate must first be notarized again D) The objection is valid; only one original is allowed
A) Admit the document because it is relevant B) Reject it for lack of authentication C) Allow it if the other party remains silent D) Require only a photocopy
A) The materiality of the documents submitted B) The quantity of witnesses presented C) The credibility of the witness alone D) The adequacy of evidence to sustain a verdict
A) It creates mere suspicion of guilt B) It convinces the court beyond reasonable doubt or meets the required standard of proof C) It is circumstantial and weak D) It is admissible but not credible
A) The evidence fails to meet the degree of proof required by law B) The evidence is abundant but immaterial C) The evidence is irrelevant but credible D) The evidence cannot be admitted in court
A) Support a civil action B) Prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt C) Produce a presumption of guilt D) Establish probable cause
A) Moral certainty B) Preponderance of evidence C) Substantial evidence D) Proof beyond reasonable doubt
A) The numerical count of the witnesses B) The source of the evidence C) The admissibility of the evidence D) The weight and convincing character of the proof presented
A) When the case is appealed B) When both parties submit identical evidence C) When the evidence fails to establish a prima facie case D) When evidence presented is too technical
A) The evidence that may exist but does not relate to the issue B) The evidence that may exist but does not relate to the issue C) The minimum proof required to justify a finding in favor of a party D) The evidence that is always direct in nature
A) The judgment is based on the totality of relevant and credible proofs B) The number of witnesses determines the outcome C) The number of witnesses determines the outcome D) The judge is free to decide without reference to the evidence
A) Whether a reasonable mind might accept it as adequate to support a conclusion B) Whether the evidence comes from the prosecution only C) Whether the judge believes the accused D) Whether all evidence is documentary in nature
A) Quality rather than quantity of evidence B) Cost of the proceedings C) Type of document presented D) Number of witnesses produced
A) Beyond reasonable doubt B) Substantial evidence C) Clear and convincing evidence D) Preponderance of evidence
A) Sufficiency deals with the competence of evidence B) Both terms mean the same C) Admissibility refers to whether evidence may be received; sufficiency concerns whether it can prove the fact D) Admissibility concerns the weight of evidence
A) Evidence that is immaterial but numerous B) Evidence that fully establishes a fact as required by law C) Evidence that slightly suggests the fact in issue D) Evidence that is conflicting and unreliable
A) The totality and probative force of all admitted proofs B) The time consumed in trial C) The demeanor of the lawyer D) The objections of the opposing counsel |