Petrified Forest National Park - Quiz
Petrified Forest National Park
  • 1. During which epoch did the trees that became fossils in Petrified Forest National Park live?
A) Late Triassic Epoch
B) Cretaceous Period
C) Paleogene Period
D) Early Jurassic Epoch
  • 2. What was the climate like during the Late Triassic Epoch in the region now known as Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Temperate and forested
B) Humid and sub-tropical
C) Arid and desert-like
D) Cold and glacial
  • 3. What supercontinent was the region near during the Late Triassic Epoch?
A) Pangaea
B) Rodinia
C) Laurasia
D) Gondwana
  • 4. Which formation contains the fossil logs in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Chinle Formation
B) Kaibab Limestone
C) Bidahochi Formation
D) Coconino Sandstone
  • 5. What is the maximum thickness of the Chinle Formation in the park?
A) 600 feet (180 m)
B) 1000 feet (300 m)
C) 500 feet (150 m)
D) 800 feet (240 m)
  • 6. What type of clay in the Chinle Formation swells when wet and shrinks while drying?
A) Montmorillonite
B) Kaolinite
C) Illite
D) Bentonite
  • 7. What geological feature is caused by the swelling and shrinking of bentonite clay?
A) Earthquakes
B) Volcanic eruptions
C) Landslides
D) Surface movement and cracking
  • 8. How many million years ago did tectonic movements begin uplifting the Colorado Plateau?
A) 100 million years ago
B) 30 million years ago
C) 60 million years ago
D) 80 million years ago
  • 9. What is an unconformity in geological terms as seen in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) A fossil bed
B) A break in the rock record
C) A sedimentary basin
D) A layer of volcanic ash
  • 10. Which formation rests directly atop the Chinle Formation in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Hermit Shale
B) Bidahochi Formation
C) Supai Group
D) Redwall Limestone
  • 11. What type of deposits make up the older layers of the Bidahochi Formation?
A) Marine sediments
B) Volcanic ash and lava
C) Glacial till
D) Fluvial and lacustrine deposits
  • 12. Where in the park can a maar vent be seen?
A) From the Pintado Point lookout
B) From the Painted Desert Visitor Center
C) From the Newspaper Rock
D) From the Crystal Forest Trailhead
  • 13. What is the age range of older dunes in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) 1 million years to 100,000 years
B) 500,000 years to 10,000 years
C) 200,000 years to 50,000 years
D) 750,000 years to 20,000 years
  • 14. What stabilizes young dunes in the park?
A) Human activity
B) Rock formations
C) Grasses and other vegetation
D) Animal burrows
  • 15. What is the approximate length of Petrified Forest National Park from north to south?
A) 15 miles (24 km)
B) 20 miles (32 km)
C) 40 miles (64 km)
D) 30 miles (50 km)
  • 16. What is the maximum width of the park in the north?
A) 12 miles (20 km)
B) 10 miles (16 km)
C) 15 miles (24 km)
D) 5 miles (8 km)
  • 17. What is the minimum width of the park along a narrow corridor?
A) About 1 mile (1.6 km)
B) 5 miles (8 km)
C) 3 miles (4.8 km)
D) 2 miles (3.2 km)
  • 18. Which major east-west route bisects Petrified Forest National Park?
A) U.S. Route 89
B) I-40, the former U.S. Route 66
C) Arizona State Route 260
D) Interstate 17
  • 19. What is the name of the ghost town located about 1 mile west of the park?
A) Jerome
B) Adamana
C) Winslow
D) Holbrook
  • 20. Which city is nearest to Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Flagstaff
B) Cottonwood
C) Holbrook
D) Sedona
  • 21. What road runs north-south through the park?
A) Historic Highway 66
B) Park Road
C) U.S. Route 180
D) Arizona State Route 89A
  • 22. What type of terrain is found in the northern part of the park?
A) Mountainous regions
B) Major petrified wood deposits
C) Gentle hills
D) Eroded badlands
  • 23. Which river does most of the park's intermittent streams empty into?
A) The Puerco River
B) The Gila River
C) The Colorado River
D) The Little Colorado River
  • 24. What is the approximate area covered by the park owned by NPS?
A) 300 square miles (780 km2)
B) 150 square miles (390 km2)
C) 230 square miles (600 km2)
D) 100 square miles (260 km2)
  • 25. Which nation borders the park on the north and northeast?
A) The Zuni Nation
B) The Apache Nation
C) The Navajo Nation
D) The Hopi Nation
  • 26. In which U.S. states is Petrified Forest National Park located?
A) Arizona
B) Colorado
C) New Mexico
D) Utah
  • 27. When was Petrified Forest declared a national monument?
A) 1906
B) 1924
C) 1962
D) 1980
  • 28. What is the Chinle Formation known for?
A) Colorful sediments containing fossil logs
B) Modern plant species
C) Geologically recent rock layers
D) Large mammal fossils
  • 29. What type of ancient reptiles have been found in the park?
A) Dinosaurs
B) Birds
C) Mammals
D) Phytosaurs
  • 30. What type of dwellings did Ancestral Pueblo farmers live in by one thousand years ago?
A) Tents
B) Above-ground, masonry dwellings called pueblos
C) Caves
D) Subterranean pit houses
  • 31. What problem related to petrified wood continues in the park?
A) Fossil excavation by scientists
B) Theft
C) Tourism development
D) Natural erosion
  • 32. What type of fossilization allowed for the study of cellular structures in some park fossils?
A) Permineralized fossils retain much of their original organic structure.
B) Cast fossils are used to examine cellular make-up.
C) Mold fossils preserve detailed cellular structures.
D) Compression fossils allow for the study of cellular structures.
  • 33. Which extinct conifer tree is most commonly found as petrified wood in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Araucarioxylon arizonicum
B) Woodworthia arizonica
C) Sequoia sempervirens
D) Metasequoia glyptostroboides
  • 34. How many species of fossil trees have been identified in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) At least nine species
B) Five species
C) Twelve species
D) Twenty species
  • 35. Which group of plants is NOT represented among the fossil plant taxa in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Cycads
B) Mosses
C) Ferns
D) Lycophytes
  • 36. What type of dinosaur fossils are found in the Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Stegosaurs
B) Brachiosaurids
C) Early theropod dinosaurs
D) Ankylosaurs
  • 37. What is the Köppen climate classification for Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Cold semi-arid (BSk)
B) Humid continental (Dfa)
C) Mediterranean (Csa)
D) Tropical rainforest (Af)
  • 38. What type of structures did Ancestral Pueblo families build during the Basketmaker III period?
A) Stone towers
B) Shallow subterranean pit structures
C) Large pueblos with several hundred rooms
D) Above-ground masonry buildings
  • 39. What is the name of the small masonry structure built from petrified wood that is open to the public?
A) Puerco Pueblo
B) Stone Axe
C) Chinle House
D) Agate House
  • 40. What was one reason for the out-migration of Ancestral Pueblo families from the Petrified Forest area?
A) Earthquakes
B) Invasion by foreign tribes
C) A persistently dry climate
D) Increased volcanic activity
  • 41. What name did Amiel Whipple give to the creek where he found petrified wood?
A) Triassic Creek
B) Lithodendron Creek (Stone Tree Creek)
C) Petrified Wood Creek
D) Chalcedony Creek
  • 42. What type of transport was experimentally used in a wagon road built between 1857 and 1860?
A) Camels
B) Horses
C) Oxen
D) Mules
  • 43. What was the Petrified Forest originally called when visitors could book a hotel room at Adamana train station?
A) Chalcedony Forest
B) Petrified Woodland
C) Lithodendron Woods
D) Triassic Forest
  • 44. In which year did the Arizona Territorial Legislature ask Congress to create a petrified forest national park?
A) 1895
B) 1919
C) 1906
D) 1883
  • 45. Which act signed by President Theodore Roosevelt was used to create the Petrified Forest National Monument in 1906?
A) Conservation Act
B) Preservation Act
C) National Park Service Act
D) Antiquities Act
  • 46. What year did the Petrified Forest become a national park?
A) 1985
B) 1962
C) 1934
D) 1906
  • 47. How many acres was the Petrified Forest National Park authorized to expand to in 2004?
A) 300,000 acres
B) 218,533 acres
C) 100,000 acres
D) 150,000 acres
  • 48. Who was the first archeologist to visit Puerco Ruin?
A) John Muir
B) Jessee Walter Fewkes
C) H.P. Mera
D) Walter Hough
  • 49. Which conservationist conducted the first excavations of Puerco Ruin in 1905–06?
A) John Muir
B) H.P. Mera
C) Jessee Walter Fewkes
D) Walter Hough
  • 50. Who conducted paleontological explorations in the park region in 1899?
A) Ynez Mexia
B) Charles Camp
C) Annie Alexander
D) Paleobotanist Lester Ward
  • 51. Where is the fossil material collected by Lester Ward now deposited?
A) Museum of Northern Arizona
B) University of California Museum of Paleontology
C) Smithsonian Institution
D) American Museum of Natural History
  • 52. Who discovered a phytosaur skull near Blue Mesa in 1919?
A) Ynez Mexia
B) Charles Camp
C) Annie Alexander
D) Maurice Mehl
  • 53. Who visited Blue Mesa to collect more phytosaur specimens after the 1919 discovery?
A) Annie Alexander
B) Ynez Mexia
C) Maurice Mehl
D) Charles Camp
  • 54. Which paleontologist was the most prolific collector in the early 20th century?
A) Charles Camp
B) Michael Parrish
C) Edwin Colbert
D) Paul Olsen
  • 55. What type of vegetation form is associated with the Grama Bouteloua/Galleta Hilaria Steppe in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Desert Grassland
B) Great Basin montane forest
C) Tropical Rainforest
D) Alpine Tundra
  • 56. How many species of flora were found in a 2005 survey within Petrified Forest National Park?
A) 447
B) 500
C) 300
D) 600
  • 57. How many invasive plant species are present in the park according to the 2005 survey?
A) 57
B) 100
C) 30
D) 75
  • 58. What is the main environment of Petrified Forest National Park despite its fossils and eroded badlands?
A) Tropical Rainforest
B) Semi-desert shrub steppe
C) Coastal Dune
D) Alpine Tundra
  • 59. Which of the following is a dominant plant species in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Oak tree
B) Pine tree
C) Maple tree
D) Blue grama
  • 60. Name one flowering species found growing among the grasses in the park.
A) Evening primrose
B) Rose
C) Daisy
D) Tulip
  • 61. Which shrub is native to Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Camellia
B) Sagebrush
C) Azalea
D) Rhododendron
  • 62. What type of grass species are bearded sprangletop and bush muhly?
A) Non-native ornamental grass
B) Invasive annual grass
C) Native perennial bunchgrass
D) Tropical grass
  • 63. Which invasive species crowds out slower-spreading natives in the park?
A) Pine tree
B) Oak tree
C) Annual lovegrass
D) Cactus
  • 64. What is one of the larger plants found in riparian zones along the park's washes?
A) Tropical palm
B) Willows
C) Oak tree
D) Pine tree
  • 65. Which invasive plant threatens native species by increasing soil salinity in riparian zones?
A) Cactus
B) Pine tree
C) Oak tree
D) Eurasian tamarisk (saltcedar)
  • 66. Which animal is known for its ability to sprint at speeds of up to 60 miles per hour?
A) Bobcats
B) Foxes
C) Coyotes
D) Pronghorns
  • 67. Which animal lives in colonies known as 'towns'?
A) Prairie dogs
B) Bobcats
C) Coyotes
D) Black-tailed jackrabbits
  • 68. Which species of lizard is the largest and most often seen in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Collared lizard
B) Plateau striped whiptails
C) Side-blotched lizards
D) Gopher snakes
  • 69. Which amphibian is the largest toad found in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Spadefoot toads
B) Woodhouse's toads
C) Great Plains toad
D) Red-spotted toads
  • 70. How many species of birds are known to have occurred in Petrified Forest National Park since it became a protected area?
A) 216
B) 100
C) 300
D) 150
  • 71. Which bird is the largest found in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Common raven
B) Anna's hummingbird
C) Golden eagle
D) Western meadowlark
  • 72. What type of birds are most diverse during fall and winter migrations in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Songbirds
B) Raptors
C) Ground birds
D) Birds
  • 73. Which bird is known for its ability to hover and fly backwards as well as forwards?
A) Anna's hummingbird
B) Common raven
C) Golden eagle
D) Western meadowlark
  • 74. Which bird species is attracted to developed areas around the visitor center and museum?
A) House finches
B) All of the above
C) Western tanagers
D) Hermit warblers
  • 75. Which snake sometimes imitates rattlesnakes when disturbed?
A) Side-blotched lizards
B) Collared lizards
C) Gopher snakes
D) Prairie rattlesnakes
  • 76. Which amphibian is most active in the rainy season, July through September?
A) Tiger salamanders
B) Spadefoot toads
C) Woodhouse's toads
D) Red-spotted toads
  • 77. Which bird is known for its charming song?
A) Anna's hummingbird
B) Common raven
C) Golden eagle
D) Western meadowlark
  • 78. Which architect designed the Painted Desert Visitor Center?
A) Frank Lloyd Wright
B) Le Corbusier
C) Zaha Hadid
D) Richard Neutra
  • 79. What historic designation was given to the Painted Desert Inn in 1987?
A) State Historical Monument
B) World Heritage Site
C) Local Historic District
D) National Historic Landmark
  • 80. What is the name of the orientation movie shown at the visitor center?
A) Desert Wonders
B) Petrified Forest Secrets
C) Timeless Impressions
D) Ancient Landscapes
  • 81. How often is 'Timeless Impressions' shown at the visitor center?
A) Twice a day
B) Three times a day
C) Every hour
D) Once every half-hour
  • 82. What type of service is available at the Rainbow Forest Museum complex?
A) Limited food service
B) Full restaurant service
C) Buffet-style meals
D) Catering services
  • 83. What is not allowed on trails and unpaved surfaces in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Bicycles
B) Foot traffic
C) Horses
D) Motorcycles
  • 84. How many maintained hiking trails are there in the park?
A) Seven
B) Five
C) Nine
D) Ten
  • 85. What is limited to eight people in Petrified Forest National Park?
A) Backpacking expeditions
B) Group camping
C) Day hiking groups
D) Visitor center tours
  • 86. What type of program is offered at the Painted Desert Inn?
A) A tour
B) A painting session
C) A dance workshop
D) A cooking class
  • 87. What type of vehicle travel is not allowed in the park?
A) Off-road vehicle travel
B) Bicycles on paved roads
C) Private automobiles
D) Commercial tours
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