(CLJ 1) INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILIPPINE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM (IPCJS) - Quiz
  • 1. The Criminal Justice System refers to the network of institutions that ____.
A) Prevent and control crime
B) Protect criminals
C) Punish offenders only
D) Encourage deviance
  • 2. The term “Criminal Justice System” emphasizes ____.
A) Interdependence of institutions
B) Police dominance
C) Judicial supremacy
D) Political control
  • 3. The ultimate goal of the Criminal Justice System is ____.
A) Public safety and order
B) Legal education
C) Political stability
D) Economic development
  • 4. How many pillars make up the Philippine Criminal Justice System?
A) Four
B) Five
C) Six
D) Three
  • 5. The first pillar of the Criminal Justice System is ____.
A) Law enforcement
B) Prosecution
C) Corrections
D) Courts
  • 6. The second pillar of the Criminal Justice System is ____.
A) Law enforcement
B) Corrections
C) Prosecution
D) Community
  • 7. The third pillar of the Criminal Justice System is ____.
A) Courts or Judiciary
B) Community
C) Law enforcement
D) Corrections
  • 8. The fourth pillar of the Criminal Justice System is ____.
A) Law enforcement
B) Corrections
C) Prosecution
D) Judiciary
  • 9. The fifth pillar of the Criminal Justice System is ____.
A) Prosecution
B) Community
C) Law enforcement
D) Judiciary
  • 10. The Criminal Justice System is a mechanism for ____.
A) Media management
B) Political control
C) Maintaining peace and order
D) Economic growth
  • 11. The Criminal Justice System starts functioning when ____.
A) A crime is committed and reported
B) The judge issues a warrant
C) A person is arrested
D) The prosecutor files a case
  • 12. Which is NOT a component of the Criminal Justice System?
A) Judiciary
B) Law enforcement
C) Prosecution
D) Legislative branch
  • 13. The police are under which pillar of the system?
A) Law enforcement
B) Judiciary
C) Prosecution
D) Community
  • 14. The fiscal or public prosecutor belongs to which pillar?
A) Prosecution
B) Judiciary
C) Corrections
D) Law enforcement
  • 15. Judges and courts are part of which pillar?
A) Judiciary
B) Corrections
C) Law enforcement
D) Prosecution
  • 16. Jails and prisons are under which pillar?
A) Law enforcement
B) Judiciary
C) Prosecution
D) Corrections
  • 17. The community pillar represents ____.
A) People’s participation in crime prevention
B) Political leaders
C) The police and military
D) Social workers only
  • 18. The system is called “interdependent” because ____.
A) Each pillar affects the others
B) Prosecutors are above judges
C) Community acts alone
D) Police control the courts
  • 19. The concept of justice means ____.
A) Supporting criminals
B) Giving each person his or her due
C) Punishing everyone
D) Protecting only the rich
  • 20. A criminal case proceeds from one pillar to another in a ____.
A) Random order
B) Political decision
C) Sequential process
D) Economic plan
  • 21. The main responsibility of law enforcement is to ____.
A) Prevent and control crime
B) Judge cases
C) Reform inmates
D) Prosecute offenders
  • 22. The first contact of a crime suspect with the system is through the ____.
A) Police
B) Judge
C) Jail officer
D) Prosecutor
  • 23. The Philippine National Police was created under ____.
A) . RA 4864
B) Republic Act 6975
C) RA 7438
D) RA 8551
  • 24. The PNP is under which government department?
A) Department of Defense
B) Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG)
C) Department of Justice
D) Office of the President
  • 25. The PNP was reorganized under ____.
A) RA 9165
B) RA 6975
C) RA 7438
D) RA 8551 (PNP Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998)
  • 26. The chief of the PNP holds the rank of ____.
A) Police General
B) Police Colonel
C) Police Director
D) Chief Superintendent
  • 27. The power of arrest without warrant is allowed when ____.
A) The judge orders it
B) The crime is committed in the officer’s presence
C) The prosecutor requests it
D) The suspect is at home
  • 28. The Miranda Doctrine protects the suspect’s right to ____.
A) Escape arrest
B) Remain silent and have counsel
C) Confess freely
D) Leave the country
  • 29. The law that defines the rights of persons arrested or under custodial investigation is ____.
A) RA 6975
B) RA 9745
C) RA 8551
D) RA 7438
  • 30. The term “law enforcement” means ____.
A) Court interpretation
B) Creation of laws
C) Correctional management
D) Application of the law by authorized officers
  • 31. The Integrated National Police and the Philippine Constabulary were merged into the PNP in ____.
A) 1987
B) 1995
C) 2000
D) 1991
  • 32. The PNP is civilian in character as provided in the ____.
A) 1987 Constitution
B) 1973 Constitution
C) 1935 Constitution
D) Bill of Rights
  • 33. The law that governs anti-illegal drugs operations is ____.
A) RA 9165
B) RA 6975
C) RA 8353
D) RA 3815
  • 34. The National Police Commission (NAPOLCOM) exercises ____.
A) Legislative power
B) Administrative control and supervision over the PNP
C) Operational command
D) Judicial power
  • 35. The community can assist police in crime prevention through ____.
A) Private armies
B) Vigilante groups
C) Secret societies
D) Barangay tanods and volunteer groups
  • 36. The crime prevention program involving cooperation of citizens is called ____.
A) Community-oriented policing
B) Martial law
C) Criminal profiling
D) Police militarization
  • 37. The PNP motto is ____.
A) “To Serve and Protect
B) “Peace and Prosperity
C) “Law and Order”
D) “Honor and Duty”
  • 38. Police visibility aims to ____.
A) Improve politics
B) Increase fines
C) Train prosecutors
D) Deter the commission of crime
  • 39. A police blotter is used to record ____.
A) Prison escapes
B) Prosecution records
C) Court decisions
D) Crimes and incidents reported
  • 40. The PNP Internal Affairs Service (IAS) ensures ____.
A) Promotions
B) Rewards
C) Amnesty
D) Integrity and discipline within the police force
  • 41. The primary function of the prosecution pillar is to ____.
A) Rehabilitate inmates
B) Determine probable cause and file cases in court
C) Judge offenders
D) Arrest suspects
  • 42. Prosecutors are under which government department?
A) CHR
B) Department of Justice (DOJ)
C) DILG
D) Supreme Court
  • 43. The DOJ is headed by the ____.
A) Ombudsman
B) Secretary of Justice
C) Solicitor General
D) Chief Justice
  • 44. Preliminary investigation is conducted to ____.
A) File civil suits
B) Execute arrest
C) Determine probable cause
D) Sentence offenders
  • 45. The National Prosecution Service is under the ____.
A) Senate
B) Department of Justice
C) Supreme Court
D) DILG
  • 46. The Ombudsman investigates ____.
A) Public officials accused of crimes
B) Police trainees
C) Private citizens
D) Military officers
  • 47. The fiscal is another term for ____.
A) Police officer
B) Public prosecutor
C) Judge
D) Defense attorney
  • 48. Probable cause means ____.
A) Reasonable grounds to believe a crime was committed
B) Hearsay evidence
C) Political motive
D) Complete proof of guilt
  • 49. The resolution after a preliminary investigation is submitted to the ____.
A) Court
B) Community
C) Prison
D) Police
  • 50. The prosecution represents the ____.
A) Complainant only
B) Private sector
C) Accused
D) State or People of the Philippines
  • 51. The main function of the Judiciary is to ____.
A) Interpret the law and render justice
B) Make laws
C) Enforce the law
D) Punish police officers
  • 52. The highest court in the Philippines is the ____.
A) Regional Trial Court
B) Sandiganbayan
C) Supreme Court
D) Court of Appeals
  • 53. The Supreme Court is composed of ____.
A) One Chief Justice and Ten Associate Justices
B) One Chief Justice and Fourteen Associate Justices
C) Fifteen Associate Justices
D) Ten Justices
  • 54. The power of judicial review means the court can ____.
A) Execute laws
B) Declare a law unconstitutional
C) Make new laws
D) Amend the Constitution
  • 55. The Constitution that established the present judiciary structure is the ____.
A) 1946 Constitution
B) 1935 Constitution
C) 1973 Constitution
D) 1987 Constitution
  • 56. The special court for government corruption cases is the ____.
A) Civil Service Commission
B) Sandiganbayan
C) Court of Appeals
D) Ombudsman
  • 57. The People of the Philippines is always the ____.
A) Defendant
B) Complainant or plaintiff in criminal cases
C) Respondent
D) Accused
  • 58. The regular trial courts in the Philippines include the ____.
A) Barangay Courts
B) Regional Trial Courts (RTCs)
C) Sandiganbayan
D) Court of Tax Appeals
  • 59. The lowest courts in the judicial hierarchy are the ____.
A) Supreme Court
B) Municipal Trial Courts (MTCs)
C) Court of Appeals
D) Regional Trial Courts
  • 60. The Court of Appeals primarily handles ____.
A) Barangay disputes
B) Administrative cases only
C) Appeals from lower courts
D) Police cases
  • 61. The Family Courts handle cases involving ____.
A) Tax disputes
B) Labor cases
C) Traffic violations
D) Juveniles and family-related offenses
  • 62. The constitutional right to a fair trial means ____.
A) Fast conviction
B) Political influence
C) Closed-door session
D) Impartial hearing with due process
  • 63. A person cannot be convicted without ____.
A) Media coverage
B) Police testimony alone
C) A confession
D) Proof beyond reasonable doubt
  • 64. The presumption of innocence remains until ____.
A) Proven guilty in court
B) Arrested by police
C) Charged by the prosecutor
D) Interrogated
  • 65. The Judiciary is independent to ensure ____.
A) Fair and impartial justice
B) Government funding
C) Political loyalty
D) Law enforcement power
  • 66. Judicial power includes ____.
A) Controlling the police
B) Settling controversies involving rights
C) Making new laws
D) Appointing prosecutors
  • 67. The doctrine that a case once decided cannot be reopened is called ____.
A) Stare decisis
B) Habeas corpus
C) Res judicata
D) Locus standi
  • 68. The Latin phrase “stare decisis” means ____.
A) To delay decision
B) To dismiss a case
C) To retry an accused
D) To stand by decided cases
  • 69. A person deprived of liberty may file a petition for ____.
A) Writ of Attachment
B) Writ of Habeas Corpus
C) Writ of Execution
D) Writ of Amparo
  • 70. The Writ of Amparo protects citizens against ____.
A) Arrest for crime
B) Property seizure
C) Deportation
D) Threats to life, liberty, and security
  • 71. The main purpose of the Corrections Pillar is to ____.
A) Punish offenders cruelly
B) Enforce the law
C) Rehabilitate offenders and prepare them for reintegration
D) Eliminate criminals
  • 72. The Bureau of Corrections (BuCor) operates under the ____.
A) DILG
B) Supreme Court
C) Department of Justice (DOJ)
D) NAPOLCOM
  • 73. The Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) is under the ____.
A) Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG)
B) DSWD
C) DOJ
D) CHR
  • 74. Prisons are managed by ____.
A) Bureau of Corrections (BuCor)
B) PNP
C) CHR
D) BJMP
  • 75. Jails are managed by ____.
A) BuCor
B) AFP
C) DSWD
D) Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP)
  • 76. The primary correctional institution for national prisoners is the ____.
A) New Bilibid Prison
B) Davao Penal Colony
C) Iwahig Penal Colony
D) Correctional Institution for Women
  • 77. Prisoners serving less than 3 years are usually confined in ____.
A) Prisons
B) Rehabilitation centers
C) Jails
D) Penal colonies
  • 78. The concept of “reformation” means ____.
A) Changing offender behavior to conform to law
B) Using fear to control inmates
C) Torturing offenders
D) Isolating prisoners forever
  • 79. Parole is granted to prisoners who ____.
A) Show good behavior after serving part of the sentence
B) Are politically connected
C) Are under trial
D) Are minors
  • 80. Probation is an alternative to ____.
A) Imprisonment
B) Bail
C) Fine
D) Appeal
  • 81. The law creating the Probation System in the Philippines is ____.
A) RA 6975
B) RA 7438
C) Presidential Decree 968
D) RA 10575
  • 82. The Parole and Probation Administration (PPA) operates under the ____.
A) Supreme Court
B) DILG
C) Department of Justice (DOJ)
D) CSC
  • 83. The term “corrections” was first used to replace ____.
A) Criminalistics
B) Criminology
C) Police science
D) Penology
  • 84. Prisoner rehabilitation aims to ____.
A) Restore offender’s moral and social values
B) Increase punishment
C) Promote fear
D) Encourage revenge
  • 85. Community-based corrections include ____.
A) Death penalty
B) Parole, Probation, and Pardon
C) Life sentence
D) Imprisonment
  • 86. The community is considered the ____ pillar of the CJS.
A) Fourth
B) Fifth
C) First
D) Third
  • 87. The main role of the community is to ____.
A) Replace police
B) Punish offenders
C) Control courts
D) Support rehabilitation and crime prevention programs
  • 88. The Barangay Justice System is created under ____.
A) RA 8551
B) RA 6975
C) RA 7438
D) Katarungang Pambarangay Law (RA 7160)
  • 89. The head of the Barangay Justice System is the ____.
A) Barangay Captain (Punong Barangay)
B) Barangay Kagawad
C) Chief Tanod
D) Barangay Secretary
  • 90. The primary purpose of the Barangay Justice System is ____.
A) Political control
B) Fine collection
C) Imprisonment
D) Amicable settlement of disputes
  • 91. The community pillar emphasizes ____.
A) Police operations
B) Political power
C) Judicial independence
D) Citizen participation in crime prevention
  • 92. The Human Rights Commission (CHR) was established under ____.
A) 1987 Constitution, Article XIII
B) 1973 Constitution
C) RA 7438
D) RA 6975
  • 93. The term “Restorative Justice” focuses on ____.
A) Isolating offenders
B) Repairing harm between offender, victim, and community
C) Punishing the criminal harshly
D) Ignoring the victim
  • 94. The Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act is ____.
A) Republic Act 9344
B) RA 9165
C) RA 8551
D) RA 7438
  • 95. The age of criminal responsibility under RA 9344 is ____.
A) 15 years old and below
B) 12 years old
C) 18 years old
D) 16 years old
  • 96. Children in conflict with the law (CICL) are handled by ____.
A) Police stations only
B) BJMP
C) BuCor
D) DSWD and Bahay Pag-asa Centers
  • 97. Community-based programs aim to ____.
A) Reintegrate offenders into society
B) Punish juveniles
C) Detain more prisoners
D) Militarize barangays
  • 98. The success of the Criminal Justice System depends on ____.
A) Punishment severity
B) Cooperation among all five pillars
C) Police power alone
D) Court decisions only
  • 99. Crime prevention becomes effective when ____.
A) Punishment is harsh
B) Citizens actively participate with law enforcers
C) Police act secretly
D) Government acts alone
  • 100. The Criminal Justice System functions best when ____.
A) Laws favor the powerful
B) Citizens fear the police
C) Justice is fair, swift, and humane
D) Offenders are tortured
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