Jordanian art

Jordanian art - Quiz

1. Which historical period marks the beginning of Islamic art and architecture?

A) Fatimid
B) Abbasid
C) Ottoman
D) Umayyad

2. What is the Arabic term used for the desert castles found in Jordan?

A) Bayt
B) Jinn
C) Sha'ir
D) Qusayr

3. Which Caliph ruled during the construction of the Great Mosque of Damascus?

A) Mahommed
B) Umar
C) Al-Walid I
D) Harun al-Rashid

4. Which specific painting has been the subject of extensive scholarship regarding its interpretation?

A) The Mu'allaqat
B) The Prophet's Portrait
C) The Damascus Fresco
D) Painting of the Six Kings

5. Which desert castle features frescoes of hunting scenes, musicians, and acrobats?

A) Quasyr Al Hallabat
B) Qasr el `Uweinid
C) Quasyr 'Amra
D) Quasyr Burqu'

6. What is the meaning of the term 'sha'ir'?

A) Calligrapher
B) Architect
C) Desert dweller
D) Wizard

7. What was the expected primary duty of a poet in the Umayyad era?

A) Design desert castles
B) Paint frescoes
C) Transcribe the Quran
D) Defend the honour of their tribe

8. What entity were poets thought to be inspired by?

A) A master teacher
B) Jinn
C) Divine scripture
D) The Caliph

9. What is the collection of seven pre-Islamic poems called?

A) Sha'ir
B) Qusayr
C) Mu'allaqat
D) Umayyad Script

10. Where are the desert castles located in Jordan?

A) Dead Sea coast
B) Northern mountains
C) Central city centers
D) Fringe of the eastern desert

11. How was the art of calligraphy taught during the Umayyad period?

A) Self-taught through meditation
B) Learned through religious school manuals
C) Formal, rigorous system from master to student
D) Passed down through hereditary family secrets

12. Which of these is considered a 'lesser' desert castle according to the text?

A) Qasr Mshatta
B) Quasyr al-Tuba
C) Quasyr 'Amra
D) Quasyr Al Hallabat

13. What materials were used to decorate Umayyad sites besides frescoes?

A) Stained glass windows
B) Golden pillars
C) Wall and ceiling paintings and statuary
D) Glass mosaics only

14. Where were some of the earliest figurines in Jordan found?

A) Amman city center
B) Aïn Ghazal
C) The Dead Sea
D) Petra

15. To which period are the figurines from Aïn Ghazal dated?

A) Neolithic
B) Byzantine
C) Paleolithic
D) Roman

16. Which historian argued that traditional Islamic aesthetics were displaced by colonialism?

A) Alexander the Great
B) Wijdan Ali
C) Justinian
D) The Mamluk rulers

17. In what year did Trans-Jordan take the first step toward becoming an independent nation?

A) 1924
B) 1952
C) 1914
D) 1948

18. What material was used to build up human skulls in early Jordanian sculptures?

A) Marble
B) Limestone
C) Plaster
D) Clay

19. What is a characteristic feature of Bedouin craft production mentioned in the text?

A) Self-sufficiency
B) Mass production
C) Reliance on imported materials
D) Strict government regulation

20. Which empire ruled Jordan from the 16th century until the end of World War I?

A) Roman Empire
B) Byzantine Empire
C) Ottoman Empire
D) British Empire

21. What did the Romans annex in 106 CE?

A) Aïn Ghazal
B) Nabatea
C) Syria
D) Palestine

22. What feature appeared in Jordanian churches during the reign of Justinian?

A) Golden statues
B) Intricate mosaic floors
C) Stone pyramids
D) Totem poles

23. What type of art was noted as being prevalent in Nabatean architecture at Petra?

A) Stained glass
B) Metal armor
C) Decorative friezes
D) Oil paintings

24. What influenced the variation in styles for Bedouin crafts?

A) Religious decrees
B) Regional climate
C) Foreign merchants
D) Tribal motifs

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