PES SS 1 Economics Term 1 Exam 2025-2026
  • 1. Economics is a science which studies human behaviours as a relationship between ends and scarce means which have alternative uses. 'Ends' her refers to
A) wants
B) choice
C) resource
D) output
  • 2. What is the fundamental problem of economics as a discipline?
A) The allocation of resources among competing wants because there are unlimited wants limited resources
B) How to ensure continuous economic growth in the face of uncertainty
C) None
D) How to balance the needs of the economy with society and the environment
  • 3. Opportunity cost is a term which describe
A) Cost related to an optimum level of production
B) The monetary equivalent of the utility of commodity
C) Alternate forgone
D) Implicit cost
  • 4. Scale of preference refers to?
A) consumers preference for luxury goods
B) budget perparation without paying due regard to priority
C) list of goods and services in order of priority
D) the household monthly income
  • 5. The concept of choice in Economics refers to
A) None of the above
B) separating defective commodities from non-defective ones
C) ranking of wants in an ascending order
D) selection of most pressing wants out of a range of alternatives
  • 6. Which of the following best explains what to produce?
A) Which goods and services to be produced
B) The combination of resources to be used
C) How many wants are to be satisfied
D) How much goods are to be produced
  • 7. Which of these is NOT a basic economic problem of society?
A) how to produce
B) scale of production
C) for whom to produce
D) efficiency of resource use
  • 8. The basic problem concerned with production techniques is
A) efficient use if resources
B) where to produce
C) none
D) how to produce
  • 9. What is the result of unlimited wants and limited resources
A) wants
B) choice
C) scarcity
D) none of the above
  • 10. Scale of preference is important for the following reasons except in
A) satisfying wants
B) making rational
C) making optimum allocation of resources
D) using scarce resources efficiently
  • 11. Which of the following factors does not determine the size of a firm
A) The market
B) Illiteracy
C) Capital
D) Government policies
  • 12. Who defined economics as the science of wealth
A) Alfred Marshal
B) Adam Smith
C) A.C Pigou
D) Bill Gates
  • 13. Economics belong to a group of subject called
A) Physical sciences
B) None of the above
C) National sciences
D) Social sciences
  • 14. Which of the following is not a scientific method of economics
A) Wants
B) Collection of data
C) Formulation of hypothesis
D) Observation
  • 15. Wants can be defined as
A) Limited supply of resources
B) Financial prudence
C) An insatiable desire of need by human being
D) Expression of cost
  • 16. Who defined economics as the science of material welfare
A) Lionel C Robbins
B) A.C Pigou
C) John Stuart Mill
D) Mr Bean
  • 17. Alfred Marshal defined economics as the study of
A) None
B) Mankind
C) Wealth
D) Production and distribution
  • 18. __refers to the level of involvement of labour and machines
A) Technological advancement
B) Production function
C) Technique of production
D) Factors of production
  • 19. The two techniques of production are
A) Wants and needs
B) Choice and scarcity
C) Labour and capital intensive
D) Demand and supply
  • 20. Which of the following is not a factor of production
A) capital
B) labour
C) machine
D) land
  • 21. The limited supply of resources which are used for the satisfaction of human wants is
A) Choice
B) Scarcity
C) Needs
D) Wants
  • 22. The following are the basic concepts of economics except
A) Resources
B) Choice
C) Wants
D) Opportunity cost
  • 23. Which of the following is not a scientific method being adopted in economics
A) Evaluation
B) Collecting of data
C) Observation
D) Formulating laws
  • 24. Which economist defined economics as the science of material welfare
A) Adam Smith
B) H.J davenport
C) None of the above
D) A.C pigou
  • 25. Economics was concerned with how people produce and distribute various goods and services that are required for the maintenance of human existence according to
A) Lionel Robbins
B) Lauren johnson
C) John Stuart Mill
D) Alfred Marshal
  • 26. Which technique employs more labor and less capital equipment and machines
A) None
B) Labour and capital intensive
C) Capital intensive
D) Labour intensive
  • 27. A graph made up of bars of rectangles which are of equal width and whose lengths are proportional to the quantities they represent is
A) Pie chart
B) Bars Charts
C) Pictogram
D) Histogram
  • 28. What type of chart is used when the data given are made up of only one item or component
A) Component bar chart
B) Simple bar chart
C) Multiple bar chart
D) All of the above
  • 29. Which is used when data involved are of two variables
A) Multiple bar chart
B) Simple bar chart
C) Component bar chart
D) None
  • 30. A simple circle of any convenient size which is divided into sections or sectors is
A) Pie charts
B) Multiple bar chart
C) Bar chart
D) Single bar chart
  • 31. A line used for data where emphasis is on a continuous change is
A) All of the above
B) Charts
C) Line graph
D) Table
  • 32. Which of the following is not a feature of a graph
A) The must be numbered
B) They must have a title
C) They must be labeled properly for better understanding
D) Graph must possess appropriate scales
  • 33. A systematic and orderly arrangement of information, facts or data using rows and columns for presentation
A) Table
B) Charts
C) Graph
D) None
  • 34. Which if the following is not a tool for economic analysis
A) Table
B) Variable
C) Pictogram
D) Graph
  • 35. If the amount of 30 million naira was being received by the health sector out of a total of 100 million naira, what degree of it would be represented on a pie chart
A) 105 degree
B) 108 degree
C) 90 degree
D) 100 degree
  • 36. If the amount of 20 million naira was being received by the Agricultural sector out of a total of 100 million naira, what degree of it would be represented on a pie chart
A) 80 degree
B) 85 degree
C) 75 degree
D) 72 degree
  • 37. The pie chart is measured with the aid of a mathematical device called a
A) Both
B) Compass
C) Protractor
D) None
  • 38. Which of the following factors does not determine the type of business units
A) The return on investment
B) Problem of market limitation
C) The payback period
D) Availability of capital
  • 39. The following factors determine the size of a firm except
A) Stages of development
B) Government policies
C) Entrepreneur ability
D) Capital
  • 40. A type of business or organization which is owned, controlled and managed by the government is
A) Private enterprises
B) None of the above
C) Public enterprises
D) Joint ventureship
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