- 1. In what year was the management of the North West Nelson Forest Park transferred to the Department of Conservation?
A) 1980
B) 1987
C) 1996
D) 1993
- 2. How many hectares were designated as the Tasman Wilderness Area in 1988?
A) 86,946 ha
B) 452,000 ha
C) 60,000 ha
D) 120,000 ha
- 3. Which organization advocated for the establishment of a new national park in Kahurangi from the 1980s?
A) Department of Conservation
B) The Maruia Society
C) Electricity Corporation
D) Conservation Authority
- 4. When was the Kahurangi National Park officially established?
A) 1987
B) 2016
C) 1996
D) 1993
- 5. What was a significant reason for excluding certain areas from the national park?
A) Urban expansion
B) Tourism development
C) Mining interests
D) Agricultural use
- 6. Which area was excluded due to its mineral potential related to a gold rush starting in 1857?
A) Buller Coalfields
B) The Aorere Goldfields Reserve
C) Sams Creek
D) Mount Burnett
- 7. How many hectares of land did the Kahurangi National Park protect at the time of its approval?
A) 214,850 acres
B) 60,000 ha
C) 452,000 ha
D) 300,000 acres
- 8. Who was the Minister of Conservation at the time of Kahurangi National Park's establishment?
A) Denis Marshall
B) Maruia Society
C) Jim Bolger
D) Nick Smith
- 9. What type of landscape was mentioned as having international significance in the park?
A) Limestone and marble landscape
B) Desert landscape
C) Volcanic landscape
D) Coastal landscape
- 10. How many hectares were added to the park in 2016?
A) 452,000 ha
B) 86,946 ha
C) 900 ha
D) 120,000 ha
- 11. Which area was excluded from the national park because it was already well protected?
A) Mount Burnett
B) Taitapu
C) Farewell Spit
D) Sams Creek
- 12. Who led the official opening of Kahurangi National Park?
A) Jim Bolger
B) Maruia Society
C) Nick Smith
D) Denis Marshall
- 13. What was the primary reason for excluding grazing leases from the park?
A) Because of mining interests
B) Due to urban development
C) To allow continued use of land for livestock
D) For conservation purposes
- 14. Which power station was excluded and later resurrected after the park's establishment?
A) Mount Burnett Power Station
B) Cobb Power Station
C) Onekaka Dam Power Station
D) Sams Creek Power Station
- 15. What was the main reason for excluding Taitapu from the national park?
A) Mining interests
B) Unresolved Treaty of Waitangi claim
C) Tourism potential
D) Urban development
- 16. How many acres were designated as the Tasman Wilderness Area in 1988?
A) 214,850 acres
B) 60,000 acres
C) 1,120,000 acres
D) 300,000 acres
- 17. Which area was excluded due to hydro operations by the Electricity Corporation?
A) Cobb Reservoir and Cobb Power Station
B) Onekaka Dam
C) Sams Creek
D) Mount Burnett
- 18. What was the rank of Kahurangi National Park among New Zealand's national parks at the time of its establishment?
A) 1st
B) 13th
C) 5th
D) 20th
- 19. What was the primary focus of interest that led to the creation of Kahurangi National Park?
A) Mining exploration
B) Protecting biodiversity and geodiversity
C) Urban development
D) Tourism expansion
- 20. Who were some of the early European visitors to Kahurangi National Park?
A) Sealers
B) Miners
C) Farmers
D) Fishermen
- 21. What happened to the seal colonies along the Kahurangi coast due to early European activities?
A) They were relocated.
B) They became protected.
C) They were almost exterminated within two decades.
D) They thrived and increased in number.
- 22. Which settlement's establishment led to the exploitation of timber, flax, and coal resources?
A) Auckland
B) Nelson
C) Wellington
D) Christchurch
- 23. Who discovered gold in stream beds on the Tableland in 1863?
A) James Cook
B) Arthur Phillip
C) John Salisbury
D) Thomas Salisbury
- 24. When did John Salisbury begin grazing sheep in the Tableland area?
A) 1875
B) 1880
C) 1890
D) 1863
- 25. Which area was recognized for its special flora and fauna prior to 1920?
A) Mount Arthur
B) Nelson
C) Gouland Downs
D) Mt Perry
- 26. In what year was the Gouland Downs designated as one of eleven sanctuaries?
A) 1916
B) 1920
C) 1930
D) 1903
- 27. Under which act were 16,000 acres (6,500 ha) of Crown land reserved in 1918?
A) National Parks Act 1980
B) Scenery Preservation Act 1903
C) Conservation Act 1987
D) Wildlife Act 1953
- 28. Which native birds' habitat was included in the protected area of Gouland Downs?
A) Penguins, albatross, shearwater
B) Parrots, cockatoos, lorikeets
C) Eagles, hawks, falcons
D) Kākāpō, kiwi, weka
- 29. In what year was the North-west Nelson Forest Park gazetted?
A) 1990
B) 1970
C) 1960
D) 1980
- 30. Which organization managed the North-west Nelson Forest Park after its establishment?
A) New Zealand Forest Service
B) National Parks Authority
C) Environmental Protection Agency
D) Department of Conservation
- 31. What did the New Zealand Forest Service start to promote in the park?
A) Fishing
B) Mining
C) Recreation
D) Logging
- 32. What is the size of Kahurangi National Park in square kilometers?
A) 10000 km²
B) 3000 km²
C) 7000 km²
D) 5193 km²
- 33. Kahurangi National Park is located on which island of New Zealand?
A) South Island
B) Chatham Islands
C) North Island
D) Stewart Island
- 34. Which river marks the southern boundary of Kahurangi National Park near Murchison?
A) Buller River
B) Clutha River
C) Whanganui River
D) Waikato River
- 35. What percentage of New Zealand's alpine species are found in Kahurangi National Park?
A) 80%
B) 60%
C) 50%
D) 90%
- 36. Which track in Kahurangi National Park is classified as one of New Zealand's Great Walks?
A) Milford Track
B) Tongariro Alpine Crossing
C) Routeburn Track
D) Heaphy Track
- 37. What activity is popular in Kahurangi National Park besides tramping?
A) Skiing
B) Rafting
C) Surfing
D) Fishing
- 38. Which point in Kahurangi National Park marks the boundary between the West Coast and Tasman Regions?
A) Tongariro Peak
B) Kahurangi Point
C) Cape Kidnappers
D) Mount Cook
- 39. Which mountain is located within Kahurangi National Park?
A) Mount Taranaki
B) Mount Owen
C) Mount Ruapehu
D) Mount Tasman
- 40. From which region did Ngāti Tūmatakōkiri arrive in the early 1600s?
A) Northland
B) South Island
C) Chatham Islands
D) Western North Island
- 41. Which iwi displaced local Māori to become mana whenua in the Kahurangi region?
A) Ngāti Kuia
B) Ngāti Apa
C) Ngāti Tūmatakōkiri
D) Ngāi Tahu
- 42. Which waka found near the park's western boundary was built as early as 1226 CE?
A) Aotea waka
B) Horouta waka
C) Anaweka waka
D) Tainui waka
- 43. Which river's mouth supported many settlements due to the Anaweka waka?
A) Clutha River
B) Anaweka River
C) Whanganui River
D) Waikato River
- 44. Which iwi had authority in the Tasman region along with Ngāti Rārua and Ngāti Tama?
A) Te Atiawa o Te Waka-a-Māui
B) Ngāti Kuia
C) Ngāi Tahu
D) Ngāti Apa
- 45. In what year was Kahurangi National Park added to the tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites?
A) 2007
B) 2019
C) 2012
D) 2020
- 46. Which company proposed the Mokihinui Hydro project on the Mōkihinui River?
A) Contact Energy
B) Meridian Energy
C) Transpower
D) Genesis Energy
- 47. In what year was the Mokihinui Hydro project cancelled?
A) 2020
B) 2012
C) 2019
D) 2007
- 48. What percentage did the addition of the Mōkihinui River catchment increase the size of Kahurangi National Park by?
A) 20%
B) 10%
C) 25%
D) 14%
- 49. What is the length of the Old Ghost Road that was partly included in the park expansion?
A) 70 kilometres
B) 100 kilometres
C) 90 kilometres
D) 85 kilometres
- 50. What type of rocks dominate the landscape in Kahurangi National Park?
A) Metamorphic rocks
B) Igneous rocks
C) Basement rocks
D) Sedimentary rocks
- 51. Which fault separates the Buller and Tākaka terranes in Kahurangi National Park?
A) Wairau Fault
B) Waimea Fault
C) Anatoki Fault
D) Hope Fault
- 52. What type of fossils are found in the Tākaka Terrane and are among the oldest in New Zealand?
A) Trilobites
B) Mammals
C) Ammonites
D) Dinosaurs
- 53. What geological period do the Ordovician metasedimentary turbidites in the Buller Terrane belong to?
A) Cretaceous
B) Devonian
C) Cambrian
D) Ordovician
- 54. What geological event led to the deposition of coal measures in Kahurangi National Park?
A) Late Eocene period
B) Early Cretaceous period
C) Early Cambrian period
D) Middle Devonian period
- 55. What type of valleys were created by extensive glaciation during the Pleistocene in Kahurangi National Park?
A) Delta formations
B) Oxbow lakes
C) V-shaped valleys
D) "U" shaped valleys
- 56. What is a common geological feature in the steeper areas of Kahurangi National Park?
A) Landslides
B) Volcanoes
C) Dunes
D) Canyons
- 57. What type of topography is significantly represented by the limestone and marble in Kahurangi National Park?
A) Fluvial topography
B) Volcanic topography
C) Glacial topography
D) Karst topography
- 58. How many of New Zealand's largest cave systems are located in Kahurangi National Park?
A) Three
B) Five
C) One
D) None
- 59. What title does Nettlebed Cave hold in the Southern Hemisphere after its connection with Stormy Pot?
A) The most visited cave
B) The deepest known cave
C) The longest known cave
D) The narrowest known cave
- 60. How much does Nettlebed Cave drop from its upper entrance to its lower exit?
A) 1,180 metres (3,870 ft)
B) 500 metres (1,640 ft)
C) 800 metres (2,625 ft)
D) 2,000 metres (6,560 ft)
- 61. In which year were the oldest fossils ever found in New Zealand identified?
A) 1965
B) 1948
C) 1952
D) 1973
- 62. During which geological period did the trilobite fossils found in Kahurangi National Park live?
A) Cretaceous
B) Triassic
C) Jurassic
D) Cambrian
- 63. What is the name of the hut near the site where trilobite fossils were found in Kahurangi National Park?
A) Cobb Valley Hut
B) Fossil Hut
C) Trilobite Hut
D) Cambrian Hut
- 64. What is the rank of Kahurangi National Park by size among New Zealand's national parks?
A) Largest
B) Third-largest
C) Fourth-largest
D) Second-largest
- 65. What type of landform is the Gouland Downs?
A) Karst feature
B) Peneplain
C) Gorge
D) Mountain range
- 66. What era do the sedimentary rocks beneath the tussock in Gouland Downs date back to?
A) Lower Palaeozoic
B) Mesozoic
C) Quaternary
D) Cenozoic
- 67. What geological process formed the Gouland Downs peneplain?
A) Glacial movement
B) Volcanic activity
C) Tectonic uplift
D) Prolonged erosion
- 68. What is the Cobb Reservoir used for?
A) Water supply
B) Hydro-electric storage
C) Aquaculture
D) Fishing and recreation
- 69. What is the status of the Honeycomb Hill Caves area?
A) Used for commercial mining
B) Open to public without restrictions
C) It is a Specially Protected Area with restricted access by permit only
D) Designated as a World Heritage Site
- 70. What is the average annual rainfall in many areas of Kahurangi National Park?
A) Less than 500 mm (20 in)
B) Approximately 3,000 mm (118 in)
C) Around 1,000 mm (39 in)
D) Exceeds 4,800 mm (190 in)
- 71. What percentage of Kahurangi National Park does the Karamea River's catchment area represent?
A) 50%
B) Around 23%
C) 10%
D) 35%
- 72. Which side of Kahurangi National Park is typically drier?
A) The northern side.
B) The western side.
C) The eastern side.
D) Both sides are equally dry.
- 73. What happens to rivers and streams in Kahurangi National Park after heavy rainfall?
A) They flow faster but remain passable.
B) Their water levels decrease significantly.
C) Many become impassable.
D) They dry up completely.
- 74. Which town north of the park boundary has an average annual rainfall of 3,371 mm?
A) Tākaka.
B) Collingwood.
C) Karamea.
D) Motueka.
- 75. What is the average daily high temperature on the Heaphy Track in July?
A) 13 °C (55 °F).
B) 23 °C (73 °F).
C) 21 °C (70 °F).
D) 10 °C (50 °F).
- 76. Which factor contributes to reduced annual rainfall on the eastern side of Kahurangi National Park?
A) Increased temperatures reduce precipitation.
B) Eastern winds push dry air into the park.
C) Higher altitudes cause more evaporation.
D) The airstream holds much less moisture after crossing the mountains.
- 77. What is a significant factor contributing to the high rate of endemism in Kahurangi National Park?
A) Complex biogeographic processes during the Pleistocene ice ages.
B) The introduction of non-native species.
C) Recent geological activity.
D) Human intervention and conservation efforts.
- 78. Which of the following birds is classified as endangered and found in Kahurangi National Park?
A) Grey warbler
B) Rock wren
C) Kererū
D) Tui
- 79. What percentage of New Zealand's native plants are found in Kahurangi National Park?
A) Over half
B) One-third
C) A quarter
D) Three-quarters
- 80. How many species of Powelliphanta are endemic to Kahurangi National Park?
A) 40
B) 29
C) 15
D) 50
- 81. In what year was a new species of skink, Oligosoma kahurangi, identified in Kahurangi National Park?
A) 2023
B) 2018
C) 2021
D) 2019
- 82. What is the conservation status of Oligosoma kahurangi, a skink species found in Kahurangi National Park?
A) Least Concern
B) Vulnerable
C) Threatened − Nationally Critical
D) Endangered
- 83. What was the new species of flightless cricket discovered in Kahurangi National Park named?
A) New Zealand cricket
B) The question does not specify a name.
C) Kahurangicus volatus
D) Crickus kahurangi
- 84. Which species of freshwater snail discovered in Kahurangi National Park was named after Greta Thunberg?
A) Cytora kahurangi
B) Opacuincola gretathunbergae
C) Powelliphanta gondwanica
D) Nelsonia thunbergii
- 85. Which of the following is a notable plant endemic to Kahurangi National Park?
A) The question does not specify particular plants.
B) Southern beech
C) Kahurangi fern
D) Silver pine
- 86. Which of the following birds is classified as vulnerable and found in Kahurangi National Park?
A) Tui
B) Fantail
C) Australasian bittern
D) Kererū
- 87. What year did the Friends of Flora conservation volunteer group establish?
A) 1998
B) 2014
C) 2001
D) 2023
- 88. Which species is a focus for recovery by the Friends of Flora in the Flora Stream catchment?
A) Whio (blue duck)
B) Great spotted kiwi
C) Wasp
D) Takahē
- 89. What year was the Ōpārara Source to Sea project created?
A) 2023
B) 2014
C) 2001
D) 2018
- 90. How many takahē were reintroduced to Kahurangi National Park in 2018?
A) 15 birds
B) 30 birds
C) 18 birds
D) 11 birds
- 91. As of 2023, how many adult whio (blue duck) are there in Kahurangi National Park?
A) 846 adult birds
B) 300 adult birds
C) 1000 adult birds
D) 500 adult birds
- 92. What percentage increase in whio numbers was recorded since 2000?
A) 340%
B) 400%
C) 200%
D) 150%
- 93. Which activity is not mentioned as popular in Kahurangi National Park?
A) Hiking
B) Tramping
C) Mountain biking
D) Rafting
- 94. Which of the following is New Zealand's longest cave system?
A) Stormy Pot Cave
B) Mount Arthur Cave System
C) Nettlebed Cave
D) Bulmer Cavern
- 95. Which of the following is a feature of the Wangapeka Track?
A) Ends at Rough and Tumble Bush Lodge
B) Crosses the Little Wanganui Saddle
C) Starts at Lyell Historic Reserve
D) Passes through Mount Arthur region
- 96. Which of the following is a popular activity in Kahurangi National Park?
A) Surfing
B) Fishing
C) Skiing
D) Caving
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