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Constitution of the United States - Quiz
Contributed by: Daly
  • 1. According to historian Herbert W. Schneider, what was probably the most potent single tradition in the American Enlightenment?
A) The Glorious Revolution
B) The Scottish Enlightenment
C) The Roman Republic
D) The French Revolution
  • 2. Which 18th-century Scottish philosopher did Benjamin Franklin greatly admire?
A) John Locke
B) David Hume
C) Montesquieu
D) Thomas Hobbes
  • 3. In what year did Benjamin Franklin study works by David Hume while at Edinburgh?
A) 1778
B) 1823
C) 1760
D) 1688
  • 4. What shared belief did Benjamin Franklin and David Hume embrace regarding high-ranking public officials?
A) They should receive no salary
B) They should be appointed for life
C) They should control the judiciary
D) They must belong to the upper class
  • 5. According to Franklin and Hume, who was considered a better judge of character when choosing representatives?
A) The lower class
B) Foreign diplomats
C) Wealthy merchants
D) The nobility
  • 6. Which British political philosopher was a major influence following the Glorious Revolution of 1688?
A) Polybius
B) John Locke
C) David Hume
D) Montesquieu
  • 7. Whose contract theory of government was expanded upon by John Locke?
A) Benjamin Franklin
B) Thomas Hobbes
C) James Madison
D) Alexander Hamilton
  • 8. In which work did John Locke advance the principle of consent of the governed?
A) Two Treatises of Government
B) The Spirit of Law
C) Federalist No. 78
D) Federalist No. 47
  • 9. According to John Locke's social contract, what was the government's primary duty?
A) To enforce religious uniformity
B) To expand the nation's territory
C) To accumulate wealth for the state
D) To serve the people by protecting their rights
  • 10. What were the basic rights identified under Locke's social contract?
A) Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
B) Equality, fraternity, and liberty
C) Life, liberty, and property
D) Freedom of speech, press, and religion
  • 11. In which Federalist paper is Montesquieu's influence on Madison evident?
A) Federalist No. 51
B) Federalist No. 10
C) Federalist No. 47
D) Federalist No. 78
  • 12. In which Federalist paper is Montesquieu's influence on Hamilton evident?
A) Federalist No. 84
B) Federalist No. 47
C) Federalist No. 78
D) Federalist No. 10
  • 13. Which of the following American figures were known to read Montesquieu?
A) Locke, Hamilton, and Jay
B) Thomas Jefferson, Adams, and Mason
C) Washington, Madison, and Franklin
D) Benjamin Franklin, Hobbes, and Hume
  • 14. What did Montesquieu emphasize as necessary to prevent tyranny?
A) A powerful central executive
B) Elimination of the legislative branch
C) Balanced forces pushing against each other
D) Absolute rule by the lower class
  • 15. Whose 2nd century BC treatise on the checks and balances of the Roman Republic influenced Montesquieu?
A) Polybius
B) Plato
C) Aristotle
D) Cicero
  • 16. In which book did Montesquieu maintain that state powers should be separated by their service to the people's liberty?
A) Two Treatises of Government
B) The Social Contract
C) Federalist Papers
D) The Spirit of Law
  • 17. According to Montesquieu, what are the three branches of separated state powers?
A) Monarchical, aristocratic, and democratic
B) Legislative, executive, and judicial
C) Federal, state, and local
D) Military, economic, and social
  • 18. What was the purpose of the separation of powers according to Montesquieu?
A) To eliminate the need for elections
B) To ensure judges create laws
C) The even distribution of authority among the several branches
D) To concentrate power in the executive branch
  • 19. Who are described in the text as the ultimate interpreters of the constitution?
A) Supreme Court Justices
B) The President
C) Members of Congress
D) State Governors
  • 20. Which court case from 1823 is cited in the text as referencing Montesquieu?
A) Nixon v. Administrator of General Services
B) United States v. Wood
C) Myers v. United States
D) Green v. Biddle
  • 21. On what date was the convention's opening meeting originally scheduled?
A) May 31, 1787
B) May 25, 1787
C) May 14, 1787
D) June 19, 1787
  • 22. On what date did a quorum of seven states finally meet to begin deliberations?
A) June 13, 1787
B) May 14, 1787
C) May 25, 1787
D) June 19, 1787
  • 23. Which state refused to participate in the convention?
A) Rhode Island
B) Virginia
C) New Jersey
D) Pennsylvania
  • 24. How many total delegates were appointed by the states?
A) 7
B) 12
C) 74
D) 55
  • 25. How many delegates actually attended the convention?
A) 55
B) 12
C) 7
D) 74
  • 26. What was another name for the Virginia Plan?
A) New Jersey Plan
B) Large State Plan
C) Federalist No. 78
D) Council of Revision
  • 27. What was the Randolph Plan also known as?
A) The Articles of Confederation
B) The New Jersey Plan
C) The Judicial Review Act
D) The Virginia Plan
  • 28. What type of Congress did the Virginia Plan call for?
A) Unicameral Congress elected on a proportional basis
B) Bicameral Congress elected on a proportional basis
C) Bicameral Congress with equal state representation
D) Unicameral Congress where all states had one vote
  • 29. Whose philosophy did the Virginia Plan use for a divided government?
A) Edward Coke
B) John Locke
C) Montesquieu
D) William Blackstone
  • 30. Whose philosophy did the Virginia Plan use to emphasize civil liberties?
A) William Blackstone
B) Edward Coke
C) Edmund Burke
D) John Locke
  • 31. Which states did the Virginia Plan generally favor?
A) The less-populous states
B) States with unicameral legislatures
C) The most highly populated states
D) States that refused to participate
  • 32. What legislative structure did the New Jersey Plan retain?
A) A unicameral Congress where all states had one vote
B) A council of revision
C) A bicameral Congress with appointed members
D) A bicameral Congress elected on a proportional basis
  • 33. Which states did the New Jersey Plan generally favor?
A) States with large delegations
B) The most highly populated states
C) States proposing a bicameral legislature
D) The less-populous states
  • 34. Whose philosophy did the New Jersey Plan use to rely on received procedure?
A) Montesquieu
B) Edward Coke
C) John Locke
D) English Whigs such as Edmund Burke
  • 35. Whose jurisprudence did the New Jersey Plan use to emphasize sovereignty of the legislature?
A) John Locke
B) Oliver Ellsworth
C) William Blackstone
D) Alexander Hamilton
  • 36. On what date did the Convention devolve into the Committee of the Whole?
A) May 31
B) June 19
C) May 25
D) June 13
  • 37. On what date were the Virginia resolutions reported out of committee in amended form?
A) June 19
B) May 14
C) June 13
D) May 31
  • 38. On what date were delegates rejecting the New Jersey Plan?
A) May 25, 1787
B) June 19, 1787
C) June 13, 1787
D) May 31, 1787
  • 39. How many states voted in favor of the New Jersey Plan when it was defeated?
A) One
B) Three
C) Seven
D) Twelve
  • 40. How many states voted against the New Jersey Plan?
A) Seven
B) One
C) Three
D) Twelve
  • 41. How many states were recorded as divided when voting on the New Jersey Plan?
A) Three
B) Seven
C) One
D) Twelve
  • 42. Which delegate from Virginia proposed a supreme court veto over national legislation?
A) Hamilton
B) Madison
C) Marshall
D) Wilson
  • 43. Which delegate from Pennsylvania proposed a supreme court veto over national legislation alongside Madison?
A) Ellsworth
B) Hamilton
C) Burke
D) Wilson
  • 44. The proposal for a supreme court veto closely resembled the system in which state's 1777 Constitution?
A) Connecticut
B) Pennsylvania
C) Virginia
D) New York
  • 45. How many times was Madison's proposal for a supreme court veto defeated?
A) Three times
B) Four times
C) Twice
D) Once
  • 46. What replaced Madison's proposed supreme court veto?
A) A presidential veto with congressional override
B) A council of revision
C) A legislative veto with judicial override
D) A unanimous state vote
  • 47. Who argued for Supreme Court judicial review of acts of state legislature in Pennsylvania?
A) John Marshall
B) James Wilson
C) Oliver Ellsworth
D) Edmund Burke
  • 48. Who argued for Supreme Court judicial review of acts of state legislature in Connecticut?
A) Alexander Hamilton
B) Oliver Ellsworth
C) James Wilson
D) John Marshall
  • 49. According to Federalist No. 78, where does the preservation of the people's authority over legislatures particularly rest?
A) With the state governors
B) With judges
C) With the English Whigs
D) With the executive
  • 50. On what date did the Constitution supersede the Articles of Confederation?
A) March 4, 1789
B) May 25, 1787
C) March 1, 1781
D) September 17, 1787
  • 51. What concepts are embodied in Articles IV, V, and VI?
A) Reconstruction
B) The Bill of Rights
C) Federalism
D) Separation of powers
  • 52. What power did the Articles of Confederation give to the central government?
A) Sole authority to regulate all state laws
B) Absolute monarchical power
C) Extensive taxing and enforcement powers
D) Little power
  • 53. What size was the nation's army under the Articles?
A) 625-man army
B) 10,000-man army
C) 50,000-man army
D) 100-man army
  • 54. Which nation closed New Orleans to American commerce despite U.S. protests?
A) France
B) Spain
C) Britain
D) Canada
  • 55. When did the inter-state Annapolis convention take place?
A) September 1786
B) February 1787
C) August 1787
D) March 1781
  • 56. Which state positively refused to pay U.S. assessments for two years?
A) Massachusetts
B) Georgia
C) New York
D) Connecticut
  • 57. During which rebellion could Congress provide no money to support an endangered constituent state?
A) Stono Rebellion
B) Shays' Rebellion
C) Bacon's Rebellion
D) Whiskey Rebellion
  • 58. Who raised funds from Boston merchants to pay for a volunteer army during Shays' Rebellion?
A) James Madison
B) General George Washington
C) Rufus King
D) General Benjamin Lincoln
  • 59. What was another name for the Connecticut Compromise?
A) The Great Compromise
B) The Committee of Detail
C) The Southern Accommodation
D) The Three-Fifths Compromise
  • 60. What did the South's agricultural economies depend upon?
A) Foreign trade tariffs
B) Paid immigrant labor
C) Slave labor
D) Industrial manufacturing
  • 61. For how many years did the delegates agree to protect the slave trade to satisfy Southern interests?
A) 20 years
B) 50 years
C) 10 years
D) 80 years
  • 62. What fraction of slaves did the Three-Fifths Compromise allow states to count for representation?
A) Three-fifths
B) Two-thirds
C) One-half
D) One-quarter
  • 63. Who was a member of the Committee of Detail representing Massachusetts?
A) Rufus King
B) Gouverneur Morris
C) Nathaniel Gorham
D) Alexander Hamilton
  • 64. How many articles plus a preamble were in the constitution presented by the Committee of Detail?
A) Twenty-three
B) Seven
C) Twelve
D) Thirty-nine
  • 65. Who was a member of the Committee of Style and Arrangement representing New York?
A) James Madison
B) Alexander Hamilton
C) Edmund Randolph
D) John Rutledge
  • 66. Who was the primary author of the final draft's seven articles, preamble, and closing endorsement?
A) Gouverneur Morris
B) James Madison
C) Alexander Hamilton
D) Benjamin Franklin
  • 67. Who handwritten the original U.S. Constitution on five pages of parchment?
A) Jacob Shallus
B) Benjamin Franklin
C) Gouverneur Morris
D) Alexander Hamilton
  • 68. How many total delegates signed the Constitution?
A) Eleven
B) Thirty-nine
C) Twenty-three
D) Twelve
  • 69. How many state delegations agreed to the final proposal at the end of the convention, alongside the lone remaining delegate from New York?
A) Twelve
B) Thirteen
C) Nine
D) Eleven
  • 70. How did members of the Congress of the Confederation vote when forwarding the proposal to the states?
A) They rejected it
B) A two-thirds majority
C) Unanimously
D) By a narrow majority
  • 71. Which article of the proposed Constitution outlined the ratification process?
A) Article V
B) Article VII
C) Article III
D) Article I
  • 72. What fraction of states does nine out of thirteen represent?
A) A three-fourths majority
B) A two-thirds majority
C) Unanimous
D) A simple majority
  • 73. What were the supporters of the Constitution called?
A) Federalists
B) Anti-Federalists
C) Republicans
D) Confederates
  • 74. What were the opponents of the Constitution called?
A) Federalists
B) Anti-Federalists
C) Loyalists
D) Nationalists
  • 75. Which state was the first to ratify the Constitution?
A) New York
B) New Jersey
C) Delaware
D) Pennsylvania
  • 76. What was the vote count for Delaware's ratification?
A) 30-0
B) 13-0
C) 50-10
D) 46-23
  • 77. What was the vote count for Pennsylvania's ratification?
A) 50-25
B) 10-5
C) 46-23
D) 30-0
  • 78. What did the Federalists promise to add to secure individual liberties?
A) Amendments
B) More land
C) A trade embargo
D) A new president
  • 79. How much land did the Congress of Confederation agree to acquire for a permanent capital?
A) 100 square miles
B) 200 square miles
C) 50 square miles
D) 10 square miles
  • 80. What forced Rhode Island to ratify the Constitution?
A) Pressure from New York
B) A threatened trade embargo
C) The passage of the Bill of Rights
D) A unanimous vote by Congress
  • 81. In what year did Congress enact a new system regarding circuit and district courts?
A) 1795
B) 1789
C) 1796
D) 1891
  • 82. Under the 1891 system, what jurisdiction did district courts have?
A) Pendent jurisdiction
B) Exclusive regional appeals jurisdiction
C) Discretionary jurisdiction
D) Original jurisdiction
  • 83. What kind of jurisdiction does the Supreme Court hold regarding appeals after 1891?
A) Exclusive regional jurisdiction
B) Discretionary jurisdiction
C) Mandatory circuit jurisdiction
D) Original jurisdiction
  • 84. Did the framers contemplate the idea of judicial review?
A) It was strictly forbidden by them
B) Only the Supreme Court justices did
C) Yes
D) No
  • 85. By what doctrine do federal courts give 'full faith and credit' to State Courts?
A) Discretionary jurisdiction
B) Judicial review
C) Pendent jurisdiction
D) Res judicata
  • 86. Under what jurisdiction are two conflicting federal laws if one presents a strict constitutional issue?
A) Pendent jurisdiction
B) Original jurisdiction
C) Circuit jurisdiction
D) Discretionary jurisdiction
  • 87. Which amendment gave Congress the authority to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states?
A) Seventeenth Amendment
B) Sixteenth Amendment
C) Fifteenth Amendment
D) Fourteenth Amendment
  • 88. The Due Process Clause of the U.S. Constitution was partly based on common law and what historical document?
A) English Bill of Rights
B) Virginia Charter of 1606
C) Petition of Right
D) Magna Carta
  • 89. In what year was the Magna Carta signed?
A) 1215
B) 1689
C) 1808
D) 1776
  • 90. What did Thomas Jefferson maintain that most European governments were?
A) Constitutional republics
B) Autocratic monarchies
C) Direct democracies
D) Egalitarian federations
  • 91. What shared requirement is found in both the English Bill of Rights and the American Bill of Rights?
A) A federal income tax
B) Jury trials
C) A bicameral legislature
D) Universal suffrage
  • 92. Which historian and archaeologist claims the evidence of Haudenosaunee influence is largely coincidental and circumstantial?
A) John Napoleon Brinton Hewitt
B) Bruce Johansen
C) Donald Grinde
D) Philip Levy
  • 93. Who is noted as the most outspoken critic of the Haudenosaunee influence thesis?
A) William Starna
B) Benjamin Franklin
C) Gouverneur Morris
D) Elisabeth Tooker
  • 94. Where was John Napoleon Brinton Hewitt born?
A) Tuscarora Indian Reservation
B) Smithsonian Institution
C) Albany
D) Pennsylvania
  • 95. What was John Napoleon Brinton Hewitt's profession at the Smithsonian Institution's Bureau of Ethnology?
A) Constitutional Scholar
B) Archaeologist
C) Ethnologist
D) Framers Committee Chair
  • 96. Was the Albany Plan of Union accepted or rejected?
A) Accepted unanimously
B) Rejected
C) Adopted as the first 10 amendments
D) Modified into the Preamble
  • 97. What is the introductory paragraph of the Constitution called?
A) Preamble
B) Closing Endorsement
C) Albany Plan
D) Article V
  • 98. What do the seven Articles of the Constitution define?
A) The names of the 39 framers
B) The Haudenosaunee Confederacy
C) The government's framework
D) The six goals of the Preamble
  • 99. Which state was Gouverneur Morris from?
A) Tuscarora
B) New York
C) Pennsylvania
D) Albany
  • 100. What did Gouverneur Morris substitute in place of the names of the states?
A) 'of the United States'
B) 'We the People'
C) 'the Thirteen Colonies'
D) 'our Posterity'
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