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Indigenous architecture - Quiz
Contributed by: Warner
  • 1. How does Rau Hoskins define Māori architecture?
A) Architectural designs created only by Māori architects
B) Anything involving a Māori client with a Māori focus
C) Strictly as traditional meeting houses and shrines
D) Only buildings constructed with natural materials
  • 2. According to the text, what is the key to how Māori architecture manifests?
A) The architectural budget and timeline
B) The use of specific traditional carvings
C) The kaupapa and client's aspirations
D) The size of the land available
  • 3. When did marae complexes begin being built in urban areas?
A) Only within the last decade
B) Since the 1980s
C) From the 1960s
D) During the 1920s
  • 4. What does the term 'wāhi tapu' mean in relation to a marae?
A) Sacred place
B) Shared kitchen
C) Sleeping quarters
D) Meeting ground
  • 5. Which of the following is identified as a type of building found in a contemporary marae?
A) Private hotel
B) Whare ora (health centre)
C) Sports stadium
D) Retail shopping centre
  • 6. What is the typical layout of a meeting house according to the text?
A) A circular building with multiple entrances
B) An open-air pavilion with no walls
C) Multiple small rooms surrounding a central courtyard
D) One large space with a porch and one door and window in front
  • 7. Where did the construction of marae expand to in the 1980s?
A) International airports and government embassies
B) Public parks and industrial warehouses
C) Private suburban homes and apartment complexes
D) Prisons, schools and universities
  • 8. Which building is listed as a notable project in the provided text?
A) Te Papa Museum
B) Auckland War Memorial Museum
C) Sky Tower
D) Futuna Chapel
  • 9. What is the function of a marae in a contemporary context?
A) Providing permanent housing for the general public
B) Hosting events like weddings and funerals
C) Serving as a commercial marketplace
D) Exclusively for government council meetings
  • 10. What are 'papa kāinga' as described in the text?
A) Educational research centres
B) Domestic Māori villages
C) Traditional fishing ports
D) Religious temples
  • 11. What is a primary characteristic of Indigenous housing in many parts of Australia?
A) Abundance of modern apartments
B) Uniform architectural styles
C) Strict adherence to building codes
D) Acute shortage of dwellings
  • 12. What is a major reason for the difficulty in limiting overcrowding in Indigenous housing?
A) Rapid population growth
B) Resistance from Indigenous communities
C) Excessive land availability
D) Lack of building materials
  • 13. What does the cultural design model aim to incorporate into housing?
A) Indigenous Australian cultural norms
B) Global architectural trends
C) Western industrial standards
D) Governmental administrative preferences
  • 14. According to Western academics, why have many Indigenous Australian housing projects failed?
A) Failure to recognize diverse cultural housing needs
B) Lack of political will to build
C) High costs of specialized labor
D) Use of environmentally friendly materials
  • 15. What is one consequence of inappropriate housing and town planning mentioned by Ross?
A) Easier maintenance of households
B) Disruption of social organization
C) Improvement of infrastructure
D) Reduction of construction costs
  • 16. Which of these is a cultural factor mentioned as relevant to housing design?
A) Avoidance behaviours
B) Parking space requirements
C) Personal storage capacity
D) Internet connectivity
  • 17. How should each Indigenous housing design project be approached, according to the literature?
A) Independently
B) By copying urban city models
C) Using standardized blueprints
D) Through a singular national design
  • 18. How many 'healthy housing principles' are there in the 'Housing for Health' methodology?
A) Twelve
B) Nine
C) Ten
D) Seven
  • 19. Which of the following is identified as a 'healthy housing principle'?
A) Provision of luxury appliances
B) Installation of high-speed internet
C) Ability to wash people
D) Large garden spaces
  • 20. What does the cultural model consider in relation to housing?
A) Investment potential
B) Construction speed
C) Domiciliary behaviours
D) Market resale value
  • 21. What can happen if adjusting to a house strains relationships among residents?
A) Severe stress on the occupants
B) Better financial management
C) Increased housing longevity
D) Improved family bonding
  • 22. Which of the following is a healthy housing principle related to pests?
A) Increasing the number of windows
B) Eradicating all natural wildlife
C) Reducing impact of pests or vermin
D) Painting exterior walls
  • 23. What does Indigenous architecture typically encompass?
A) Standardized global housing
B) European colonial designs
C) Only historical ruins
D) Culture-specific architecture
  • 24. What is one of the terms used by Indigenous Australians for their structures?
A) Igloo
B) Teepee
C) Wiltja
D) Yurt
  • 25. Which materials were used for the stone-based homes of the Gunditjmara peoples?
A) Steel beams
B) Basalt rocks
C) Brick and mortar
D) Concrete slabs
  • 26. What shape were the stone shelters found in the Warringah area?
A) Tall pyramid
B) Flat rectangle
C) Perfectly square
D) Elongated egg shape
  • 27. What material was used for the framework of dome shelters in the rainforests?
A) Bamboo
B) Cane
C) Plastic piping
D) Iron bars
  • 28. What type of cladding was used for the stone-based dome homes at Bessibelle?
A) Wood paneling
B) Sod cladding
C) Animal fur
D) Synthetic shingles
  • 29. When were the terms 'Indigenous Design and Architecture' coined?
A) Late 1980s
B) Late 1990s
C) Early 2000s
D) Mid 1970s
  • 30. Where is the Marika Alderton House located?
A) Perth, Western Australia
B) Redfern, Sydney
C) Halls Gap, Victoria
D) Yirrkala, Northern Territory
  • 31. What is the Brambuk Cultural Centre's location?
A) Halls Gap, Victoria
B) Bathurst, New South Wales
C) Derby, Western Australia
D) Tennant Creek, Northern Territory
  • 32. Which of these is explicitly listed as a notable project in the text?
A) Sydney Opera House
B) The National Gallery of Australia
C) West Kimberley Regional Prison
D) Parliament House
  • 33. What is the Kurongkurl Katitjin Centre associated with?
A) University of Sydney
B) University of Newcastle
C) Edith Cowan University
D) University of Melbourne
  • 34. What is the primary term for the design methodology that focuses on the Indigenous experience of Country?
A) Colonial design
B) Modernist urban design
C) Universal design
D) Country-centred design
  • 35. Which of these individuals is identified as a prominent Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander practitioner?
A) Elizabeth Grant
B) Paul Pholeros
C) Timothy O'Rourke
D) Sarah Lynn Rees
  • 36. What is the standard housing form of the Iroquois society?
A) Igloo
B) Pit house
C) Tipi
D) Longhouse
  • 37. What are the remains of pit houses in British Columbia known as?
A) Longhouse pits
B) Wickiup ruins
C) Quiggly holes
D) Igloo foundations
  • 38. What primary material did the Haida use for their large square houses?
A) Snow blocks
B) Whale bones
C) Animal hides
D) Red cedar planks
  • 39. What decorative element was often placed at the front of a Haida six beam house?
A) A totem pole made of ice
B) A heraldric pole
C) A stone statue
D) A garden arch
  • 40. What material did the Thule use to build house frames due to a lack of wood?
A) Saplings
B) Red cedar
C) Bison hides
D) Whale bones
  • 41. Which of these is a prominent researcher of Indigenous architecture?
A) Paul Memmott
B) Rueben Berg
C) Craig Kerslake
D) Linda Kennedy
  • 42. Which cultural region is associated with the development of the igloo?
A) The Interior of British Columbia
B) The Canadian Prairies
C) Southern Ontario
D) The far north
  • 43. What unintended consequence resulted from the drop in infant mortality during the 1950s and 1960s?
A) Exacerbated overcrowding
B) Increased migration to rural areas
C) A decline in farming
D) A shortage of food supplies
  • 44. Who was the first First Nations woman to become a Canadian architect?
A) Wanda Dalla Costa
B) Brian Porter
C) Ryan Walker
D) Patrick Stewart
  • 45. Who is the first Indigenous Director of a school of architecture in Canada?
A) David Fortin
B) Alfred Waugh
C) Douglas Cardinal
D) Étienne Gaboury
  • 46. In what city is the First Nations University located?
A) Winnipeg
B) Gatineau
C) Regina
D) Vancouver
  • 47. Which of these is listed as a prominent practitioner of Indigenous architecture?
A) Wanda Dalla Costa
B) Ryan Walker
C) Douglas Cardinal
D) David Fortin
  • 48. Where is the Hôtel-Musée Premières Nations located?
A) Vancouver
B) Winnipeg
C) Thunder Bay
D) Wendake
  • 49. What shape were the houses in Old Fiji?
A) Rectangular
B) Square
C) Circular
D) Triangular
  • 50. What type of roofs did the houses in Old Fiji have?
A) Gabled
B) Flat
C) Pyramid-like
D) Domed
  • 51. What were the walls and roofs of traditional Fijian houses thatched with?
A) Stone
B) Plants
C) Clay
D) Metal
  • 52. What was planted nearby the Spirit houses?
A) Fruit trees
B) Scented flora
C) Vegetables
D) Thorny bushes
  • 53. How did the houses of Chiefs differ from subjects' houses in Old Fiji?
A) They were round
B) They were made of brick
C) They lacked roofs
D) They were set higher
  • 54. What has replaced the traditional Spirit houses (Bure Kalou) in modern Fiji?
A) Schools
B) Churches
C) Government offices
D) Shopping malls
  • 55. How does the evolution of rural architecture compare to urban architecture in Fiji?
A) Rural areas are evolving faster
B) Rural areas are evolving at a slower rate
C) Rural areas have stopped evolving
D) They are evolving at the same rate
  • 56. What is the name of the Chief's hut in traditional Kanak architecture?
A) La Flèche Case
B) La Grande Case
C) Le Clan Case
D) Le Petit Case
  • 57. Which type of wood is the central pole of a Grande Case typically made from?
A) Pine wood
B) Oak wood
C) Palm wood
D) Houp wood
  • 58. What are the carved door posts flanking the entrance of a hut called?
A) Katana
B) Behno
C) Kanak
D) Ixoe
  • 59. What does the face on the flèche faîtière represent?
A) The ancestor
B) A bad spirit
C) The clan's protector
D) The living chief
  • 60. Which plant is used for the woven mats inside the hut?
A) Banana leaf
B) Coconut leaf
C) Houp wood strips
D) Pandanus leaf
  • 61. What is the name for the mattress of coconut leaves used in the huts?
A) Behno
B) Katana
C) Ixoe
D) Grande Case
  • 62. Who designed the Jean-Marie Tjibaou Cultural Centre?
A) Renzo Piano
B) Jean-Marie Tjibaou
C) Alban Bensa
D) Paul Vincent
  • 63. How many conical pavilions are contained in the Jean-Marie Tjibaou Cultural Centre?
A) Twelve
B) Ten
C) Thirty-four
D) Eight
  • 64. What type of timber was used for the construction of the huts at the cultural centre?
A) Oak
B) Pine
C) Iroko
D) Cedar
  • 65. How many customary areas are there in Kanak society?
A) Eight
B) Ten
C) Fifty-seven
D) Four
  • 66. Where is the Jean-Marie Tjibaou Cultural Centre located?
A) New Caledonia mountain range
B) Nouméa City Center
C) A remote tribal village
D) Tinu Peninsula
  • 67. What mythological figure does the pathway at the Cultural Centre represent?
A) Téâ Kanaké
B) The first tribal chief
C) The god of the lagoon
D) A French explorer
  • 68. When was the Jean-Marie Tjibaou Cultural Centre opened?
A) 1853
B) 2005
C) 1989
D) 1998
  • 69. How many tribes are there in the Kanak society?
A) 341
B) 8
C) 57
D) 4,000
  • 70. What is the primary architectural inspiration for the pavilions at the Cultural Centre?
A) Traditional Kanak Grand Hut
B) Oceanic boat structures
C) Colonial French architecture
D) Modern industrial warehouses
  • 71. Who was the anthropologist involved in the building workshops of the cultural centre?
A) Alban Bensa
B) Paul Vincent
C) Jean-Marie Tjibaou
D) Renzo Piano
  • 72. Which material was commonly used for roofing in traditional Māori construction?
A) Clay tiles
B) Totara-bark shingles
C) Metal sheets
D) Palm fronds
  • 73. What was the purpose of a kāuta?
A) Sleeping house
B) Cooking house
C) Storage of fishing nets
D) Carved meeting house
  • 74. What does the tāhuhu ridge beam represent in a wharenui?
A) Head
B) Backbone
C) Ribs
D) Heart
  • 75. Which term describes the pole-mounted storage shelters used for valuable items?
A) Pātaka
B) Whare puni
C) Marae
D) Kāuta
  • 76. What is the function of the poutokomanawa in a wharenui?
A) It supports the roof as a ridge beam
B) It represents the heart
C) It acts as the front door
D) It functions as a storage rack
  • 77. What are the raparapa of the maihi interpreted as?
A) Toes
B) Fingers
C) Eyes
D) Hair
  • 78. What is the whare-whakairo primarily known as?
A) Ancestor tomb
B) Fish drying rack
C) Carved meeting house
D) Sleeping hut
  • 79. Which ancestor is said to have established the tradition of whare whakairo?
A) A Polynesian navigator from Tahiti
B) Ruatepupuke
C) A mythological figure who created the moon
D) A local chief from the North Island central plateau
  • 80. How are the heke rafters of a wharenui interpreted?
A) As fingers
B) As arms
C) As lungs
D) As ribs
  • 81. What was the typical size of a standard whare puni?
A) 2 metres x 3 metres
B) 1 metre x 2 metres
C) 5 metres x 5 metres
D) 10 metres x 10 metres
  • 82. Why were some whare in the North Island central plateau partly sunk into the ground?
A) To hide from enemies
B) To provide extra storage space
C) To honor the earth deity
D) For better insulation
  • 83. What is the traditional Palauan meeting house called?
A) Kamalig
B) Bahay Kubo
C) Batalan
D) Bai
  • 84. Which of these is the oldest bai in Palau?
A) Elders' Bai
B) Koror Bai
C) Ancient Bai
D) Airai Bai
  • 85. What is the Tagalog term for the area beneath a Bahay Kubo?
A) Ventanilla
B) Kisame
C) Silong
D) Bubungan
  • 86. Which individual is listed as an indigenous architecture researcher?
A) Elsdon Best
B) Elisapeta Heta
C) Rewi Thompson
D) John Scott
  • 87. What are 'ventanillas' in the context of Philippine architecture?
A) Roof vents for smoke
B) Traditional floor mats
C) Wall dividers made of bamboo
D) Smaller windows underneath larger ones
  • 88. Which term describes houses made of stone adapted from the Bahay Kubo style?
A) Nipa Hut
B) Bahay na Bato
C) Kamalig
D) Batalan
  • 89. What is the 'Kisame' in a Bahay Kubo?
A) The window frame
B) The ceiling
C) The floor
D) The wall frame
  • 90. Which of these is a listed practitioner of indigenous architecture?
A) Deidre Brown
B) Jade Kake
C) Elsdon Best
D) Fleur Palmer
  • 91. What is the term used for the traditional lands of the Sámi people?
A) Arcticus
B) Sápmi
C) Scandia
D) Nordland
  • 92. Where are the Sámi people recognized as the only Indigenous people?
A) Canada
B) Scandinavia
C) Russia
D) Greenland
  • 93. What is the primary visual difference between a lavvu and a goahti at the top?
A) Lavvu is square, goahti is circular
B) Lavvu poles meet, goahti poles remain separate
C) Lavvu has a chimney, goahti has an open hole
D) Lavvu poles are wood, goahti poles are stone
  • 94. Which of the following is NOT required for the stability of a lavvu?
A) Straight poles
B) Three forked poles
C) Size and quantity of poles
D) Guy-wire
  • 95. How many center poles are needed to support a traditional lavvu structure?
A) Zero
B) One
C) Three
D) Two
  • 96. What shape describes the typical lavvu structure?
A) Rectangular
B) Elongated
C) Circular
D) Hexagonal
  • 97. What is another common nickname for the tent version of the goahti?
A) Bread box lavvu
B) Arctic dome
C) Reindeer hut
D) Turf shelter
  • 98. How many curved poles are used in the interior construction of a goahti?
A) Six
B) Two
C) Eight
D) Four
  • 99. At what angle do the curved poles of a goahti typically bend?
A) 180°
B) 45°
C) 90°
D) 130°
  • 100. What is the primary material used to cover a modern goahti?
A) Canvas
B) Plastic sheeting
C) Heavy wool felt
D) Reindeer leather
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