A) Any rational human conduct that violates a criminal law and is subject to punishment B) Any behavior that deviates from social norms C) Any action that is considered immoral D) Any human behavior
A) Any standard or rule regarding what human beings should or should not think, say, or do under given circumstances B) A legal statute C) A statistical average D) A social gathering
A) Legal behavior B) Criminal behavior C) Normal behavior D) Conduct which the people of a group consider so dangerous or embarrassing or irritating that they bring special sanctions to bear against the persons who exhibit it
A) Motive for a crime B) Opportunity to commit a crime C) Criminal intent D) Criminal conduct specifically, intentional or criminally negligent action or inaction that causes harm
A) A criminal intent or a guilty state of mind B) Criminal conduct C) Opportunity to commit a crime D) Instrument used in a crime
A) Motive or desire B) Understanding C) Justice D) Forgiveness
A) The victim's vulnerability B) The legal system C) The criminal's background D) The time and place of the commission of the crime
A) Laws and regulations B) Social norms C) Tools employed by criminals D) Ethical guidelines
A) Crime is a result of genetic predispositions B) Crime is a result of personal choices C) Crime is caused by economic inequality D) Crime happens when people grow up in neighborhoods with their own values that go against society’s usual rules
A) Crime is a result of strong community bonds B) Crime is a result of strict social control C) Crime decreases in organized communities D) Crime increases in neighborhoods where social institutions like family, school, and community control have broken down
A) Crime happens when people achieve society’s goals through legal means B) Crime happens when people cannot achieve society’s goals through legal means, causing pressure or frustration that leads to deviant behavior C) Crime is a result of genetic factors D) Crime is a result of personal choices
A) People become deviant when society labels them negatively, causing the label to shape their identity and future behavior B) Labeling has no impact on behavior C) People become deviant when they resist societal labels D) Labeling only affects adults
A) Crime results from power struggles between groups, where dominant groups create laws that control and disadvantage weaker groups B) Crime is a result of individual choices C) Crime results from cooperation between groups D) Crime is a result of societal harmony
A) Behavior is determined by genetics B) Behavior is random C) Behavior is innate D) All behavior, including criminal acts, is learned and shaped by rewards, punishments, and reactions from others
A) People learn criminal behavior through observing, interacting with, and imitating others who already engage in crime B) Criminal behavior is not learned C) Criminal behavior is only learned in schools D) People learn criminal behavior through genetics
A) People become criminal when exposed to more pro-crime influences than anti-crime influences B) People are born criminal C) People are only influenced by their parents D) People become criminal when isolated from others
A) Criminal behavior is only learned through punishment B) Criminal behavior is learned through genetics C) Criminal behavior is learned through rewards and punishments, combining social learning with psychological conditioning processes D) Criminal behavior is random
A) Offenders learn techniques to justify or excuse wrongdoing, allowing them to drift between lawful and unlawful behavior B) Offenders are unaware of their actions C) Offenders always reject societal norms D) Offenders always obey the law
A) A criminal motive B) An organizing device for categorizing large amounts of information into mutually exclusive categories C) A legal defense D) A type of punishment
A) An act or omission that is punishable by special laws B) A moral wrong C) A civil dispute D) A serious crime
A) A statute enacted by congress, penal in character, which is not an amendment of the Revised Penal Code B) A law that is not enforced C) A law that is only applied in certain regions D) A law that applies only to certain people
A) A serious crime. This category includes murder, rape, aggravated assault, robbery, arson, and so on. A felony is an act or omission that is punishable by the Revised Penal Code B) A civil dispute C) A traffic violation D) A minor violation
A) An act that is in violation of a simple rule or regulation, a minor violation of the law. It usually refers to those committed by minor offenders such as violations of city or municipal ordinances B) A federal offense C) A serious crime D) A moral wrong
A) Traffic violations B) Financial fraud C) Offenses where violence was applied. They are also called acts or crimes against persons D) Public disturbances
A) To bring financial gain to the offender B) Political reasons C) To express anger D) To seek revenge
A) Crimes that benefit the public B) Crimes committed in private C) Unlawful acts that interfere with the normal operation of society and the ability of people to function efficiently D) Crimes that have no victims
A) Good in itself B) Evil in itself C) Wrong because it is prohibited D) Neutral act
A) Evil in itself B) Wrong because it is prohibited C) Morally right D) Socially acceptable
A) Those committed by persons of respectability and of upper socio-economic class in the course of their occupational activities; also referred to as corporate or occupational crime B) Crimes committed by unskilled workers C) Crimes committed against corporations D) Crimes committed in the workplace
A) Crimes committed by police officers B) Those committed by ordinary professional criminals to maintain their livelihood C) Crimes committed in factories D) Crimes committed by white-collar workers
A) Crimes committed by animals B) Crimes committed by merely duplicating what was done by others; based on the C) Crimes committed by accident D) Crimes committed by robots
A) Crimes committed for money B) Crimes committed for political reasons C) Those committed at the height of great emotions D) Crimes committed without thinking
A) Crimes committed through rendition of service to satisfy desire of another B) Crimes committed by doctors C) Crimes committed in the military D) Crimes committed by government employees
A) A crime against property B) A crime committed by a government through mass destruction or annihilation of human populations C) A crime against the environment D) A crime against animals
A) Violations of law that involve more than one country in their planning, execution, e.g. drug trafficking, human trafficking B) Crimes that are only committed by tourists C) Crimes that occur within a single country D) Crimes that are legal in some countries
A) Acts that breach environmental legislation and cause significant harm or risk to the environment and human health B) Crimes committed for environmental activism C) Crimes committed against people D) Crimes committed in national parks
A) Crimes committed by government officials B) Crimes committed by corporations C) Crimes that involve computers and networks D) Crimes committed in physical spaces
A) Crimes committed in political rallies B) Crimes committed during elections C) Crimes committed by politicians D) Criminal activities for ideological purposes; also serious violations of laws that threaten the security or existence of the government
A) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain B) They commit crimes due to impulses of the moment, fit of passion, anger, or spell of extreme jealousy C) Criminals who are mentally ill D) Criminals who plan their crimes carefully
A) Criminals who commit crimes due to drug addiction B) Criminals who commit crimes due to mental illness C) They are those who acted in consonance with deliberate thinking D) Criminals who commit crimes impulsively
A) Their psychic conditions resemble that of a normal individual, except that they identify themselves with criminal prototypes B) Criminals who are highly skilled C) Criminals who are mentally ill D) Criminals who are highly intelligent
A) Criminals who commit complex crimes B) Criminals who are highly organized C) Criminals who are highly skilled D) Considered to be the lowest form in the criminal career, ordinary criminals engage only in conventional crimes that require limited skill. They lack organization to help them avoid arrest and conviction
A) Criminals who are easily caught B) Criminals who are mentally unstable C) Criminals who commit crimes randomly D) They have high degree of organization to enable them to commit crimes without being detected
A) Criminals who are amateurs B) Criminals who are mentally ill C) They are highly skilled and able to obtain considerable amount of money without being detected due to organization and contact with professional criminals. They are always able to escape conviction, and they specialize in crimes that require skills D) Criminals who are easily caught
A) They commit criminal acts as a result of unanticipated circumstances B) Criminals who plan their crimes carefully C) Criminals who commit crimes intentionally D) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain
A) They are not actually criminals but commit crimes due to a given situation; sometimes their criminal activities are intermixed with legitimate activities B) Criminals who commit crimes for fun C) Criminals who are always criminal D) Criminals who commit crimes randomly
A) Criminals who commit crimes only once B) They continue to commit criminal acts for diverse reasons due to deficiency of intelligence and lack of self-control C) Criminals who commit crimes rarely D) Criminals who commit crimes for political reasons
A) Criminals who commit crimes calmly B) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain C) They commit crimes in impulsive manner usually due to their aggressive behavior, as shown in crimes of passion, resentment, or revenge D) Criminals who are passive
A) Criminals who are aggressive B) Criminals who commit crimes for political reasons C) Criminals who commit crimes independently D) They commit crimes because they are pushed to inducement, reward, or promise without considering do it, by the consequences. For this, they are called "ulukan."
A) They are normal in their behavior but mere inadequate and defective in their socialization process B) Criminals who reject social norms C) Criminals D) Criminals who are isolated from society
A) Rehabilitation B) General Deterrence C) Specific Deterrence D) Retribution
A) Cesare Lombroso B) Enrico Ferri C) Jeremy Bentham D) Raffaele Garofalo E.
A) Social Control Theory B) Strain Theory C) Broken Windows Theory D) Labeling Theory
A) Routine Activities Theory B) Rational Choice Theory C) Differential Association Theory D) Anomie Theory
A) Symbiosis B) Atavism C) Somatotyping D) Anomie
A) A Capable Guardian B) Social Bond C) A Motivated Offender D) A Suitable Target
A) Restorative Justice B) Victim Compensation C) Victim Blaming D) Secondary Victimization
A) Victimless Crime B) Blue-collar Crime C) Violent Crime D) White-collar Crime
A) Completely Innocent Victim B) Victim with Minor Guilt C) Victim more Guilty than Offender D) Victim as Guilty as Offender
A) A person commits a crime not because they planned to, but because they were overwhelmed by a sudden, intense heat of passion or extreme provocation. This is categorized as B) Episodic/Acute Crime C) Chronic Crime D) Professional Crime
A) Neo-Classical School B) AClassical School C) Positivist School D) Chicago School
A) Classical School B) Neo-Classical School C) Positivist School D) Italian School
A) Victimogenesis B) Criminal Evolution C) Penology D) Criminogenesis
A) Robert Merton B) Emile Durkheim C) William Sheldon D) Sigmund Freud
A) Primary Deviance B) Social Stigma C) Secondary Deviance D) Tertiary Deviance
A) Studies crime as a social phenomenon B) Uses chemistry to analyze blood C) Only focuses on the laws written in books D) Is applicable only in specific countries.
A) Dynamic B) Nationalistic C) Absolute D) Stable
A) Criminal Etiology B) Sociology of Law C) Penology D) Victimology
A) Strain Theory B) Social Disorganization Theory C) Choice Theory D) Biological Theory
A) Crime Rate B) Dark Figure of Crime C) Recidivism D) Index Crimes
A) Modus Operandi B) Mens Rea C) Actus Reus D) Mala In Se
A) Felony B) Mala Prohibita C) Mala In Se D) Misdemeanor
A) Mens Rea B) Corpus Delicti C) Actus Reus D) Doli Incapax
A) Criminalistics B) Criminology C) Sociology D) Penology
A) All of the above B) Rational Choice Theory C) Pleasure-Pain Principle (Hedonism) D) Free Will Doctrine
A) Innovation B) Ritualism C) Retreatism D) Conformity
A) Focal Concerns of the Lower Class B) Social Bond Theory C) Differential Association D) Labeling Theory
A) Classical Strain Theory B) Neutralization Theory C) Rational Choice Theory D) General Strain Theory (Agnew)
A) Life Course Theory B) Social Learning Theory C) Self-Fulfilling Prophecy D) Social Control/Bond Theory
A) Belief B) Commitment C) Involvement D) Attachment
A) Neuroticism B) Psychopathy/Antisocial Personality Disorder C) Paranoia D) Schizophrenia
A) Superego B) Ego C) Id D) Alter-Ego
A) Social Ecology B) Evolutionary Criminology C) Psychological Positivism D) Biochemical Theory
A) Cognitive Dissonance B) bservational Learning (Modeling) C) Operant Conditioning D) Genetic Predisposition
A) Ego B) Preconscious C) Id D) Superego
A) Denial of Victim B) Condemnation of Condemners C) Denial of Responsibility D) Denial of Injury
A) Diversion B) The Dramatization of Evil C) Radical Non-intervention D) Decriminalization
A) Initial acts of norm violation that have very little influence on the self-concept B) Crime that is inherently evil. C) . Deviance that occurs after a person accepts a criminal label. D) Crime committed by high-ranking officials.
A) Deterrence B) Incapacitation C) Retribution D) Diversion
A) Zone IV: Residential Zone B) Zone II: Zone in Transition C) Zone I: Central Business District D) Zone III: Workingmen’s Homes
A) January B) July C) December D) October
A) Senior Years (65+) B) B. Late Adolescence/Young Adulthood (15-24) C) Childhood (5-10) D) Middle Age (40-50)
A) Robbery B) Vagrancy C) Littering D) Gambling
A) It is more official than police records. B) It only counts crimes that lead to a conviction. C) It is always 100% honest D) It captures the "Dark Figure of Crime"
A) Duress/Compulsion B) Self-defense C) Alibi D) Insanity
A) Atavism B) Anomie C) Anomie D) Stigma
A) Due Process B) Habeas Corpus C) Equal Protection D) Presumption of Innocence
A) Writ of Amparo B) Ex Post Facto Law C) Blue Law D) Bill of Attainder
A) Denial of Victim B) Appeal to Higher Loyalties C) Denial of Injury D) Denial of Responsibility
A) The cruel and arbitrary justice of the 18th century B) The concept of democracy. C) Scientific research D) The use of prisons. |