A) Whether the universe is infinite in size. B) Whether society can exist without laws. C) Whether we possess the control over our actions we feel we have. D) Whether humans have a biological soul.
A) The medieval scholastic scholars. B) The postmodernist philosophers. C) The existentialist thinkers. D) The early Greek stoics.
A) Scientific proof of quantum mechanics. B) A strong sense of freedom, agency, and self-determination. C) Religious indoctrination in early childhood. D) The absence of physical laws in the universe.
A) The idea that the mind is separate from the body. B) The theory that actions are random. C) The principle that no physical event has a cause outside the physical domain. D) The belief that the future is already written.
A) The view that the future is determined entirely by preceding events. B) The belief that human behavior is entirely unpredictable. C) The theory that free will is impossible. D) The idea that physical objects have no internal structure.
A) The difficulty of defining what an action is. B) The debate over whether animals have free will. C) The puzzle of reconciling free will with a deterministic universe. D) The question of why humans fear death.
A) Because it makes it difficult to decide which laws are ethical. B) Because it implies that all people are inherently evil. C) Because it raises the question of how to assign responsibility if actions are caused by past events. D) Because it suggests that moral values change over time.
A) Free will holds as long as humans are not externally constrained or coerced. B) Free will is synonymous with the laws of physics. C) Free will only exists in non-deterministic universes. D) Free will is a total illusion created by the brain.
A) By distinguishing between conscious and subconscious choices. B) By separating physical freedom from spiritual freedom. C) By separating freedom of will from freedom of action. D) By differentiating between moral and legal responsibility.
A) The power to alter the laws of physics. B) The ability to make rational decisions. C) The freedom from all biological needs. D) The capacity to predict the future.
A) A theory that humans are entirely controlled by their environment. B) The form of incompatibilism which posits that determinism is false and free will is possible. C) The belief that the government should have no control over citizens. D) The idea that all decisions are made randomly.
A) It relies too heavily on modern physics. B) It requires that all actions be deterministic. C) It cannot explain the existence of the physical world. D) It is difficult to assign responsibility for indeterministic choices.
A) Mechanical and digital determinism. B) Logical and theological determinism. C) Environmental and social determinism. D) Economic and political determinism.
A) Physical, chemical, and nuclear determinism. B) Biological, cultural, and psychological determinism. C) Atomic, subatomic, and molecular determinism. D) Historical, geographical, and linguistic determinism.
A) The feeling of freedom is biologically proven. B) The feeling of freedom is the only reality. C) The feeling of freedom is irrelevant to human life. D) The feeling that we are free to choose is an illusion.
A) Astrological destiny. B) Prohibition. C) Advice. D) Deliberation.
A) Illusionism. B) Metaphysical libertarianism. C) Hard determinism. D) Classical compatibilism.
A) Plato B) Aristotle C) Socrates D) Epicurus
A) 1st century CE B) 4th century BCE C) 3rd century CE D) 2nd century BCE
A) liberum arbitrium B) libertas voluntatis C) voluntas libera D) arbitrium liberum
A) 4th century BCE B) 1st century CE C) 3rd century CE D) 4th century CE
A) Divine intervention B) Causal indetermination C) Biological necessity D) Nothing hindering us
A) Causal indetermination B) Lack of external hindrances C) Fixed natural laws D) Predestination
A) Modern empiricism B) Ancient Greek philosophy C) Enlightenment philosophy D) Christian philosophy
A) Only compatibilists did B) No C) Only incompatibilists did D) Yes
A) Peter van Inwagen B) Robert Kane C) d'Holbach D) Thomas Reid
A) d'Holbach B) Daniel Dennett C) Thomas Reid D) Carl Ginet
A) Cogito ergo sum B) A priori C) Tabula rasa D) Causa sui
A) Alex Rosenberg B) Daniel Dennett C) David Lewis D) Carl Ginet
A) Position 9 B) Position 2 C) Position 1 D) Position 3
A) Information theory B) Relativity theory C) String theory D) Chaos theory
A) Laplace's demon. B) Schrodinger's cat. C) The Prisoner's Dilemma. D) The Chinese Room.
A) Probabilistic subatomic particle behavior B) The predictability of gravitational forces C) The biological evolution of species D) The steady flow of time
A) Uncaused events B) Agent/substance-caused events C) Non-deterministically caused events D) Pre-determined divine causality
A) An external stimulation B) A physical reflex C) A determined outcome D) A volition
A) Determined by beliefs B) Caused by specific intentions C) Determined by physical laws D) Self-generating
A) Physicalism B) Panpsychism C) Agent causation theory D) Causal determinism
A) Functionalist models B) Dualist models C) Physicalist models D) Idealist models
A) Centred accounts B) Substantive volitionism C) Deliberative indeterminism D) Efforts of will theory
A) Niels Bohr B) Robert Kane C) C.S. Lewis D) Daniel Dennett
A) Quantum indeterminacy B) Thermodynamics C) Relativity D) Electromagnetism
A) Logical positivism B) Empirical physicalism C) Material monism D) Substance dualism
A) Interactionalist dualism B) Compatibilist voluntarism C) Substance monism D) Physicalist determinism
A) Derk Pereboom B) Immanuel Kant C) John Locke D) Galen Strawson
A) Soft determinism B) Hard determinism C) Classical libertarianism D) Compatibilism
A) Compatibilism B) Hard incompatibilism C) Pessimism D) Incompatibilism
A) Pessimism B) Hard incompatibilism C) Soft determinism D) Classical libertarianism
A) Derk Pereboom B) Galen Strawson C) Classical libertarians D) The author of the text
A) As scientific terms B) Interchangeably C) Only in theological contexts D) As opposites
A) Often uncaused. B) Both uncaused and self-caused. C) Neither uncaused nor self-caused. D) Often self-caused.
A) Predeterminism B) Logical determinism C) Omniscience D) Causal determinism
A) Theological indeterminism B) Predeterminism C) Libertarianism D) Logical determinism
A) Fatalism B) Predestination C) Biological determinism D) Logical determinism
A) Shintoists B) Taoists C) Buddhists D) Calvinists
A) Biological determinism B) Logical determinism C) Omniscience D) Fatalism
A) Hard determinism B) Fatalistic determinism C) Theological determinism D) Determinateness
A) Karl Marx. B) Boethius. C) Sigmund Freud. D) Socrates.
A) The hard problem of logic B) The problem of personal identity C) The mind–body problem D) The problem of induction
A) Epicurus. B) Chrysippus. C) Plato. D) Marcus Aurelius.
A) The Physical Mind B) Freedom Evolves C) Elbow Room D) Newcomb's Paradox
A) Expectations B) Divine destiny C) Past decisions D) The absolute future
A) Mathematics B) Theoretical physics C) Neurological sciences D) Sociology
A) Adrenaline B) Cortisol C) Dopamine D) Serotonin
A) Identity dualism B) Cognitive naturalism C) Classical incompatibilism D) Theological determinism
A) Governing photosynthesis. B) Choosing freely. C) Storing mechanical energy. D) Creating biological cells.
A) Strictly evolutionist mandates. B) Purely random chance theories. C) Newer compatibilist concepts. D) Mathematical nihilism.
A) Extreme reductionism. B) Classical Newtonian gravity. C) Darwinism. D) Quantum mechanics exclusively.
A) Practical reasons. B) Biological impulses. C) Chemical reactions. D) Social conditioning.
A) In most religions. B) Only in scientific journals. C) Exclusively in secular philosophy. D) Only in ancient paganism.
A) Denying the existence of the will B) Rejecting all forms of destiny C) Loving one's fate D) Embracing pure indeterminism
A) Principle of sufficient reason B) Amor fati C) Noumenon D) Velleity
A) Rudolf Steiner B) Arthur Schopenhauer C) William James D) Chrysippus
A) Pragmatism B) Incompatibilism C) Stoicism D) Meliorism
A) Social punishment B) Thoughts C) External influences D) Scientific data
A) Imagination B) Motive C) Mobile D) Moral
A) Incompatibilism B) Indeterminism C) Determinism D) Moral imagination
A) Incompatibilism B) Stoicism C) Meliorism D) Introspection
A) 1720 B) 1739 C) 1750 D) 1780
A) A divine order B) A mental construct C) An empirical certainty D) A physical law of nature
A) Walter Freeman B) David Hume C) John Locke D) Immanuel Kant
A) Judgments of sensory perception B) Judgments of material science C) Judgments of fact D) Moral judgments
A) Simple neural stimulus-response B) Self-organizing dynamics C) The abandonment of moral judgment D) Fixed material determination
A) Thirteenth B) Twelfth C) Fourteenth D) Fifteenth
A) Reject all authority B) Seek certain goals C) Ignore their own intellect D) Avoid all suffering
A) Platonic idealism B) Stoic indifference C) Socratic method D) Aristotelian telos
A) Six B) Five C) Three D) Four
A) Habit B) Passion C) Memory D) Judgment
A) The will itself B) The human soul C) The intellect D) God
A) Mūlamadhyamakakārikā B) Pubbekatahetuvada C) Idappaccayatā D) Pratītyasamutpāda
A) A total agent B) Divine destiny C) Absolute freedom D) Ignorance
A) The Samkhyists B) The Buddha C) Nagarjuna D) The Cārvākans
A) Mūlamadhyamakakārikā B) The Vedic scriptures C) The Jain canons D) The Nyaya Sutras
A) Luis de Molina B) John Calvin C) Thomas Aquinas D) Jacobus Arminius
A) Augustine of Hippo B) Jacobus Arminius C) Martin Luther D) John Calvin
A) Paul B) John C) James D) Peter
A) Calvinism B) Molinism C) Arminianism D) Thomism
A) Samkhya B) Yoga C) Vedanta D) Nyaya
A) Bechirah chofshit B) Kaivalya C) Ishvara D) Mitzvot
A) Adl B) Fitra C) Jabr D) Qadar
A) Mu'tazila B) Shia C) Ash'ari D) Sufi |