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CLJ 4,5&6 (Wadab,2025) - Quiz
Contributed by: Jarabejo
  • 1. A foreign diplomat secretly gathers military information in the Philippines and sends it to his country, which is preparing for war. What crime is MOST appropriate?
A) Inciting to War
B) Conspiracy to Commit Treason
C) Coup d'etat
D) Espionage
  • 2. Treason requires adherence to the enemy. In analyzing the conduct of a Filipino nurse who treats wounded foreign soldiers invading the Philippines, which factor determines liability?
A) Whether she wore a uniform
B) Whether she was paid
C) Whether she acted voluntarily
D) Whether she is a civilian
  • 3. A news blogger criticizes the government, claiming it is “authoritarian,” but provides factual sources. Is this inciting to sedition?
A) Yes, because criticism equals sedition
B) No, because bloggers are exempt
C) No, because it lacks seditious intent
D) Yes, because it undermines authority
  • 4. Police officers arrest a man without warrant simply because he “looks suspicious.” Which right is primarily violated?
A) Freedom of movement
B) Right against unreasonable seizures
C) Freedom of speech
D) Right to privacy
  • 5. A mayor orders security personnel to block a critic from entering the city hall. Which crime applies?
A) Arbitrary Detention
B) Grave coercion
C) Violation of domicile
D) Illegal arrest
  • 6. A group attempts to seize a municipal hall using stolen firearms but fails. What crime?
A) Rebellion
B) Coup d'etat
C) Sedition
D) Inciting to rebellion
  • 7. You evaluate whether a private citizen who participated in rebellion as a medic is criminally liable. Which principle applies?
    A. Immunity of non-combatants
A) Immunity of non-combatants
B) Indeterminate sentence kaw
C) Proximate cause
D) Absorption doctrine
  • 8. A kidnapping victim voluntarily goes with the offender due to fear from a previous threat. Is kidnapping committed?
A) Yes, but only grave coercion
B) No, because she went voluntarily
C) Yes, intimidation still constitutes deprivation
D) No, because the threat was past
  • 9. A soldier arrests a civilian for a crime that has not yet been committed but may occur later. This is:
A) Abuse of authority
B) Arbitrary detention
C) Illegal arrest
D) Unlawful arrest
  • 10. Which action MOST seriously threatens national security?
A) Skipping mandatory civic duties
B) Sharing memes criticizing government
C) Refusing to pay taxes
D) Leaking military troop movements
  • 11. To prevent sedition in campuses, which measure is MOST constitutionally acceptable?
A) Surveillance of all student organizations
B) Total ban on political groups
C) Mandatory reporting of dissenters
D) Establishing civic education programs
  • 12. A journalist reveals classified information exposing corruption. Government charges him with espionage. Which element is missing?
A) Public interest
B) Possession of information
C) Intent to aid a foreign power
D) Actual publication
  • 13. A husband strikes his wife during an argument causing slight injuries. What determines if parricide applies?
A) Relationship
B) Weapon used
C) Severity of injuries
D) Degree of provocation
  • 14. A student pushes a classmate down the stairs during a prank, causing death. What crime?
A) Murded
B) Parricide
C) Homicide
D) Reckless imprudence resulting to homicide
  • 15. A store owner shoots a thief who is running away with a stolen phone. Is defense of property valid?
A) No, aggression had ended
B) Yes, because the item is valuable
C) Yes, the thief committed a crime
D) Yes, because firearm was licensed
  • 16. A person sets fire to the house to kill the occupants. What qualifying circumstance applies?
A) Treachery
B) Price or reward
C) By means of fire
D) Abuse of superiority
  • 17. A rapist threatens the victim’s mother to force the victim to submit. Which element of rape is present?
A) By fraudulent machination
B) By grave abuse of authority
C) By taking advantage of relationship
D) By force or intimidation
  • 18. Which scenario BEST qualifies as grave coercion?
A) Warning a friend to stop wrongdoing
B) Asking someone to run errands
C) Yelling at an employee
D) Forcing someone to join a gang
  • 19. A child finds a cellphone and sells it. What crime?
A) Fencing
B) None if no intent to gain
C) Estafa
D) Theft
  • 20. A person honestly believes a borrowed item was gifted to him and sells it. Which principle negates estafa?
A) Mitigating circumstance
B) Proximate cause
C) Good faith
D) Mistake of fact
  • 21. Which is the BEST indicator of murder rather than homicide?
A) Lack of provocation
B) Public scandal
C) Use of firearm
D) Presence of qualifying circumstances
  • 22. A mother abandons her newborn in a safe location intending someone to rescue the child. Crime?
A) Abandonment of minor
B) Infanticide
C) Child abuse
D) Parricide
  • 23. A landlord breaks the tenant’s door at night to demand unpaid rent. Which crime applies?
A) Physical injury
B) Coercion
C) Trespass to dwelling
D) Robbery
  • 24. Which act constitutes slander by deed?
A) Throwing mud at someone publicly
B) Posting defamatory content
C) Online insult
D) False accusation
  • 25. A driver jumps a red light and injures a pedestrian. Crime committed?
A) Reckless imprudence resulting in physical injuries
B) Attempted homicide
C) Malicious mischief
D) Direct physical injuries
  • 26. Which preventive policy BEST reduces quasi-offenses?
A) Increased police visibility
B) More prisons
C) Public education on negligence
D) Stricter punishment
  • 27. A pickpocket steals a wallet using slight force but does not intimidate the victim. Crime?
A) Qualified theft
B) Theft
C) Robbery
D) coercion
  • 28. Which situation BEST illustrates unjust vexation?
A) Physical evidence
B) Threats
C) Destroying property
D) Annoying acts without serious harm
  • 29. A man marries two women under different identities. Crime?
A) Adultery
B) bigamy
C) concubinage
D) Illegal marriage
  • 30. A professional spreads false claims about a colleague's incompetence. Crime?
A) Oral defamation
B) Slander by deed
C) Libel
D) Intriguing against honor
  • 31. A person modifies a gun without license. Violation?
A) RA 9208
B) RA 10591
C) RA 9165
D) RA 10883
  • 32. Which act shows trafficking rather than simple illegal recruitment?
A) Recruitment with exploitation
B) Failure to provide employment
C) Transporting a worker without contract
D) Recruiting minors for work abroad
  • 33. Which best qualifies as carnapping under RA 10883?
A) Using a stolen motorcycle unknowingly
B) Stealing a car parked on the street
C) Forced taking of a tricycle
D) Borrowing a car and returning it late
  • 34. Someone buys jewelry knowing it was stolen. Crime?
A) Theft
B) Estafa
C) Fencing
D) Robbery
  • 35. A hazing results in injuries but no death. Which law applies?
A) RA 9160
B) RA 8049
C) RA 10175
D) RA 10591
  • 36. Which act MOST clearly constitutes cyber-libel?
A) Posting false defamatory claims
B) Unintentional sharing of wrong info
C) Posting criticism online
D) Sharing a meme
  • 37. A witness testifies about what another person told him. Court evaluates admissibility under:
A) Opinion rule
B) Parol evidence rule
C) Best evidence rule
D) Hearsay rule
  • 38. A broken knife found at the crime scene is offered. This is:
A) Testimonial evidence
B) Real evidence
C) Documentary evidence
D) Secondary evidence
  • 39. Which evidence carries the MOST weight?
A) Hearsay with exception
B) Eyewitness under stress
C) Rumors
D) CCTV clear footage
  • 40. A contract photocopy is presented because the original burned in a fire. Admissible?
A) Yes, as secondary evidence
B) Never
C) No, requires expert testimony
D) Yes, as real evidence
  • 41. Burden of proof in criminal cases is on the:
A) Prosecution
B) defense
C) Court
D) Accused
  • 42. Which is the STRONGEST circumstantial evidence?
A) Suspect's silence
B) Presence near crime scene
C) Opportunity and weapon possession
D) Motive alone
  • 43. A dying victim identifies the attacker. This is allowed because:
A) Best evidence rule
B) Dying declaration exception
C) Part of res gestae
D) Verbal act rule
  • 44. A text message screenshot is offered. Court must first determine:
A) All of the above
B) relevance
C) authorship
D) reliability
  • 45. Which illustrates improper opinion testimony?
A) Lay witness identifying someone
B) Expert on digital forensics testifying about devices
C) Expert analyzing blood
D) Lay witness giving medical opinion
  • 46. A confession made after 12 hours without counsel is:
A) Secondary evidence
B) Inadmissible
C) Voluntary
D) Admissible
  • 47. Document signed using thumbmark must be authenticated by:
A) Any witness
B) Court clerk
C) Subscribing witness
D) Notary
  • 48. Which scenario makes evidence inadmissible?
A) Obtained without warrant and not an exception
B) Voluntarily given by accused
C) Discovered accidentally
D) Given under subpoena
  • 49. Fingerprints lifted from the scene are:
A) Demonstrative evidence
B) Real evidence
C) Documentary evidence
D) Testimonial evidence
  • 50. A witness saw the accused only briefly at night. Reliability depends on:
A) Age of witness
B) Lawyer's objections
C) Judge's impression
D) Lighting conditions
  • 51. Which is MOST persuasive in a rape case?
A) Rumors
B) Anonymous tip
C) Victims's prompt complaint
D) Victim's delay reporting
  • 52. What presumption applies if a mailed letter is shown properly addressed and stamped?
A) Presumption of innocence
B) Presumption of delivery
C) Presumption of fraud
D) Presumption of regularity
  • 53. A police officer testifies about the steps taken in handling evidence. This refers to:
A) Chain of custody
B) Burden of proof
C) Opinion testimony
D) Impeachment
  • 54. Counsel objects to testimony after question answered. Ruling?
A) Waived
B) Sustained
C) Stricken off
D) Admissible
  • 55. Evidence must be objected to:
A) After cross-examination
B) At closing arguments
C) Anytime
D) Before answer is given
  • 56. Which evidence is sufficient for conviction?
A) Proof beyond reasonable doubt
B) Preponderance of evidence
C) Reasonable suspicion
D) Belief of judge
  • 57. If evidence is irrelevant but material, what is the court likely to do?
A) Modify
B) Reject
C) Defer
D) Admit
  • 58. A diagram illustrating bullet trajectory is:
A) Documentary evidence
B) Testimonial evidence
C) Real evidence
D) Demonstrative evidence
  • 59. Court evaluates witness credibility based on:
A) Consistency
B) All of the above
C) Demeanor
D) Probability
  • 60. Case is dismissed due to lack of evidence. Failure relates to:
A) Weight of evidence
B) Admissibility
C) Burden of proof
D) Sufficiency
  • 61. A child witness hesitates but remains consistent. Weight?
A) Weak
B) Strong
C) Inadmissible
D) Neutral
  • 62. Which factor MOST affects reliability of DNA evidence?
A) Length of trial
B) Chain of custody integrity
C) Age of suspect
D) Type of crime
  • 63. Which court has jurisdiction over cases punishable by more than 6 years?
A) Court of Appeals
B) Sandiganbayan
C) RTC
D) MTC
  • 64. A complaint-affidavit lacking certification against forum shopping results in:
A) Cure by amendmend
B) Nullity
C) Automatic dismissal
D) No effect
  • 65. Which most affects venue in criminal cases?
A) Residence of accused
B) Police recommendation
C) Judge preference
D) Place of commission
  • 66. During preliminary investigation, respondent refuses to file counter-affidavit. Consequence?
A) Automatic acquittal
B) Case dismissed
C) Waiver of right
D) Suspension of PI
  • 67. Trial begins after:
A) Arraignment
B) Preliminary investigation
C) Filing complaint
D) Arrest
  • 68. Evidence presented after termination of trial is allowed only if:
A) Witness appears late
B) Defense agrees
C) Judge allows in interest of justice
D) Prosecution insist
  • 69. Sandiganbayan jurisdiction depends primarily on:
A) Number of victims
B) Amount involved
C) Location of offense
D) Position of accused
  • 70. To reduce clogged dockets, which procedural reform is MOST effective?
A) Requiring longer trials
B) Mandatory plea bargaining
C) Limiting caseloads
D) More judges
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