- 1. Surrealism is a cultural and artistic movement that emerged in the early 20th century, characterized by its exploration of the unconscious mind, dream imagery, and juxtaposition of seemingly unrelated elements. Influenced by the ideas of psychoanalysis and the writings of Sigmund Freud, Surrealists sought to express the irrational and the dreamlike in their works. Artists like Salvador Dali, Rene Magritte, and Joan Miro are among the most well-known proponents of Surrealism, creating paintings, sculptures, and writings that challenge conventional notions of reality and explore the depths of imagination.
Who is considered the founder of Surrealism?
A) Salvador Dalí
B) André Breton
C) Pablo Picasso
D) René Magritte
- 2. Which city is often associated with the birth of Surrealism?
A) Madrid
B) New York
C) Berlin
D) Paris
- 3. Surrealist artists were influenced by the work of which psychologist?
A) Carl Jung
B) Ivan Pavlov
C) B.F. Skinner
D) Sigmund Freud
- 4. Which surrealist artist is known for his melting clocks in 'The Persistence of Memory'?
A) Marc Chagall
B) Joan Miró
C) Salvador Dalí
D) Man Ray
- 5. Whose works often feature eerie, dreamlike scenes with bowler-hatted men?
A) Max Ernst
B) Frida Kahlo
C) René Magritte
D) Marcel Duchamp
- 6. Which female artist was associated with Surrealism and known for her self-portraits?
A) Frida Kahlo
B) Louise Bourgeois
C) Georgia O'Keeffe
D) Dorothea Tanning
- 7. What is the title of a famous Surrealist film directed by Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí?
A) The Seventh Seal
B) Un Chien Andalou
C) Metropolis
D) The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
- 8. What was the name of the Surrealist journal founded by André Breton?
A) The Surrealist Times
B) Dreamscape Gazette
C) La Révolution surréaliste
D) Surrealistic Quarterly
- 9. Which Surrealist artist was known for her contributions to the Surrealist movement through her writing and art?
A) Kay Sage
B) Leonora Carrington
C) Dorothea Tanning
D) Lee Miller
- 10. What animal is prominently depicted in Salvador Dali's works as a symbol?
A) Elephant
B) Rabbit
C) Lion
D) Goose
- 11. What art movement influenced Surrealism with its rejection of reason and embrace of chaos?
A) Pop Art
B) Cubism
C) Impressionism
D) Dadaism
- 12. Which Surrealist artist was also a known filmmaker, creating 'Un Chien Andalou'?
A) Leonora Carrington
B) Paul Delvaux
C) Luis Buñuel
D) Remedios Varo
- 13. What is the term for the practice of expressing the content of the unconscious mind without conscious control?
A) Pointillism
B) Impressionism
C) Automatic Writing
D) Abstract Expressionism
- 14. Which of these is NOT a characteristic of Surrealist art?
A) Automatism
B) Dream-like imagery
C) Absurdity
D) Realism
- 15. Who coined the term 'Surrealism' in his 1917 play 'Les Mamelles de Tirésias'?
A) Guillaume Apollinaire
B) Tristan Tzara
C) Marcel Duchamp
D) Hugo Ball
- 16. Surrealism sought to unlock the power of the ______ mind.
A) Intellectual
B) Rational
C) Conscious
D) Subconscious
- 17. In which year did Guillaume Apollinaire first use the term 'surrealism'?
A) 1903
B) 1917
C) 1924
D) 1918
- 18. Which ballet was described as 'surrealistic' by Guillaume Apollinaire?
A) The Magnetic Fields
B) Parade
C) Les Mamelles de Tirésias
D) La Révolution surréaliste
- 19. What did André Breton aim to resolve through Surrealism?
A) The conflict between art and science
B) The previously contradictory conditions of dream and reality into an absolute reality, a super-reality
C) The differences between various artistic movements
D) The separation of literature and visual arts
- 20. Which movement influenced Surrealism before its official establishment?
A) Futurism
B) Cubism
C) Dada
D) Impressionism
- 21. What was André Breton's profession during World War I?
A) Music
B) Painting
C) Literature
D) Medicine and psychiatry
- 22. Which essay by Pierre Reverdy influenced Breton's idea of startling juxtapositions?
A) An essay on the principles of Cubism
B) A treatise on Impressionist techniques
C) A 1918 essay on the relationship between two distant realities
D) A manifesto on Dadaism
- 23. Which philosophical dialectic did Surrealists incorporate into their philosophy?
A) Platonic Dialectic
B) Aristotelian Dialectic
C) Hegelian Dialectic
D) Socratic Dialectic
- 24. Which political ideologies did Surrealists align with at various times?
A) Fascism and nationalism
B) Liberalism and conservatism
C) Communism and anarchism
D) Monarchism and theocracy
- 25. What was the main aim of Surrealism according to André Breton?
A) To promote religious themes in art
B) To create purely aesthetic art
C) Long live the social revolution, and it alone!
D) To merge science with art
- 26. What was the purpose of combining elements not normally found together in Surrealist works?
A) To follow traditional artistic norms
B) To create realistic depictions
C) To achieve harmony and balance
D) To produce illogical and startling effects
- 27. Who published the Manifeste du surréalisme on 1 October 1924?
A) Francis Picabia
B) André Breton
C) Yvan Goll
D) Tristan Tzara
- 28. What event marked the clash between Yvan Goll and André Breton?
A) A public lecture on surrealism
B) A joint publication of their manifestos
C) A debate at a surrealist conference
D) A literal fight at the Comédie des Champs-Élysées
- 29. Which technique was initially doubted by André Breton for its usefulness in the Surrealist movement?
A) Automatic drawing
B) Decalcomania
C) Visual arts
D) Frottage
- 30. In which year did an autonomous Surrealist group form in Brussels?
A) 1930
B) 1927
C) 1923
D) 1925
- 31. Who among the following artists was not considered a central figure in joining the Surrealist movement despite admiration from Breton?
A) Salvador Dalí
B) Pablo Picasso
C) Max Ernst
D) Joan Miró
- 32. Which of the following techniques was discovered and contributed to overcoming Breton's caution about visual arts?
A) Frottage
B) Collaborative drawing games
C) Automatic writing
D) Photomontage
- 33. Which Surrealist artist left the movement in 1928?
A) Joan Miró
B) Max Ernst
C) Giorgio de Chirico
D) Salvador Dalí
- 34. What is the title of Giacometti's work from 1925 that marked his movement to simplified forms?
A) Little Machine Constructed by Minimax Dadamax in Person
B) La Tour Rouge
C) Torso
D) The Nostalgia of the Poet
- 35. Which artist's 1927 work, The Kiss, is noted for its direct presentation of an erotic act?
A) Joan Miró
B) Salvador Dalí
C) Giorgio de Chirico
D) Max Ernst
- 36. Which year marked the first application of Surrealism to painting by Miró and Masson?
A) 1925
B) 1927
C) 1924
D) 1926
- 37. What was the first work written and published by André Breton's group of Surrealists?
A) Death to the Pigs
B) Irene's Cunt
C) Le Pèse-Nerfs
D) Les Champs Magnétiques (May–June 1919)
- 38. Which magazine contained automatist works and accounts of dreams?
A) Sur la route de San Romano
B) La Révolution surréaliste
C) Littérature
D) Les Chants de Maldoror
- 39. Which Surrealist group is based in Leeds?
A) Leeds Surrealist Group
B) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
C) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
D) Chicago Surrealist Group
- 40. Who was inspired by the revolutionary voice in Surrealist poetry and mentioned Breton and Artaud's inspiration from Mexico?
A) Miguel Ángel Asturias
B) Carlos Fuentes
C) Gabriel García Márquez
D) Julio Cortázar
- 41. Which Surrealist concept is described as dialectical?
A) Its commercial appeal
B) Its focus on realism
C) Its inherent dynamic
D) Its static nature
- 42. Which Surrealist artist's work was influenced by biomorphic figures?
A) Arshile Gorky
B) Jackson Pollock
C) Mark Rothko
D) Robert Motherwell
- 43. Which playwright claimed André Breton was one of the most important thinkers in history?
A) Samuel Beckett
B) Arthur Adamov
C) Eugène Ionesco
D) Fernando Arrabal
- 44. Which city hosted the London International Surrealist Exhibition organized by Herbert Read?
A) Paris
B) Birmingham
C) New York
D) London
- 45. What was the theme of the international survey exhibition organized by The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Tate Modern in 2021–2022?
A) The Persistence of Memory
B) Two Private Eyes
C) Desire Unbound
D) Surrealism Beyond Borders
- 46. Who disbanded the original Paris Surrealist Group in 1969?
A) Jean Schuster
B) Martin Esslin
C) Henry Threadgill
D) André Breton
- 47. Who was expelled from the Surrealist movement but remained close to its ideas?
A) Max Ernst
B) Salvador Dalí
C) Roberto Matta
D) André Breton
- 48. Which composer's work was described as being drawn from a dream sequence?
A) Edgard Varèse
B) Bohuslav Martinů
C) Francis Poulenc
D) André Souris
- 49. Which element was introduced into Surrealism due to the involvement of visual artists?
A) Traditional painting
B) Collage
C) Realistic depiction
D) Automatic writing
- 50. Which city hosted the 'Desire Unbound' exhibition in 2002?
A) New York City
B) Berlin
C) London
D) Paris
- 51. Which postmodern novelist experimented with startling juxtapositions since the 1960s?
A) Thomas Pynchon
B) Don DeLillo
C) Kurt Vonnegut
D) John Barth
- 52. What was the name of Salvador Dalí's installation at the 1938 Exposition Internationale du Surréalisme?
A) Persistence of Memory
B) Rainy Taxi
C) The Elephants
D) Metamorphosis of Narcissus
- 53. Who authored '1919–1950: The politics of Surrealism'?
A) Nick Heath
B) Alan Gullette
C) Maev Kennedy
D) Franklin Rosemont
- 54. Who did Breton shelter while he was in hiding?
A) Dalí
B) Aragon
C) Fontenis
D) Bataille
- 55. Which organization did Breton support that was transformed into the Fédération Communiste Libertaire?
A) French Communist Party
B) Antifascist Committees
C) Francophone Anarchist Federation
D) Fédération anarchiste
- 56. Which literary movement was significantly influenced by Surrealism in the latter half of the 20th century?
A) Postmodernism
B) Victorian Literature
C) Romanticism
D) Naturalism
- 57. What technique did Wolfgang Paalen contribute to Surrealism?
A) Assemblage
B) Fumage
C) Coulage
D) Collage
- 58. Who among the following was not cited as an influence on Surrealist artists?
A) Marquis de Sade
B) Hieronymus Bosch
C) Plato
D) Dante
- 59. Which filmmaker was regarded as a surrealist and quoted in relation to his show 'Twin Peaks'?
A) David Lynch
B) Stanley Kubrick
C) Martin Scorsese
D) Quentin Tarantino
- 60. Which postmodern novelist translated Surrealist poetry and found the Surrealists to be a 'real discovery'?
A) Don DeLillo
B) Kurt Vonnegut
C) Thomas Pynchon
D) Paul Auster
- 61. Which Surrealist group is based in Stockholm?
A) Leeds Surrealist Group
B) Peculiar Mormyrid
C) Chicago Surrealist Group
D) The Surrealist Group in Stockholm
- 62. Which Surrealist photographer was expelled from the movement due to political differences?
A) Emiel van Moerkerken
B) Dora Maar
C) Brassaï
D) Man Ray
- 63. Which Magic Realist writer criticized Surrealism's delineation between real and unreal?
A) Mario Vargas Llosa
B) Isabel Allende
C) Alejo Carpentier
D) Gabriel García Márquez
- 64. Which surrealist film released in December 1930 had a regenerative effect on the movement?
A) La Coquille et le Clergyman
B) L'Age d'Or
C) Ballet Mécanique
D) Un Chien Andalou
- 65. Who translated much of the Surrealist poetry into English?
A) Eugène Ionesco
B) Fernando Arrabal
C) Samuel Beckett
D) Arthur Adamov
- 66. Which artist's work is often claimed as a precursor to Surrealism?
A) Henry Threadgill
B) Hieronymus Bosch
C) Samuel Beckett
D) Eugène Ionesco
- 67. Which American art collector married Max Ernst and promoted Surrealist artists?
A) Peggy Guggenheim
B) Louise Bourgeois
C) Georgia O'Keeffe
D) Marianne Moore
- 68. Who wrote about the theory and techniques of Surrealist poetry in an archived document?
A) Aimé Césaire
B) Rob Jackaman
C) C. J. Holcombe
D) Alan Gullette
- 69. Who was critical of and distanced himself from Surrealism during the 1960s?
A) Waldemar Fydrych
B) Guy Debord
C) Asger Jorn
D) Joan Miró
- 70. Which publication discusses Herbert Marcuse's connection to Surrealism?
A) Libcom.org
B) The Guardian
C) Arsenal vol. 4
D) Surrealism Reviewed
- 71. Which Beat Generation writer was influenced by Artaud's 'Van Gogh – The Man Suicided by Society'?
A) Allen Ginsberg
B) Gregory Corso
C) Bob Kaufman
D) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
- 72. Which group was more attached to both Surrealism and the Situationist International?
A) Revolutionary Surrealist Group
B) Leeds Surrealist Group
C) Chicago Surrealist Group
D) Peculiar Mormyrid
- 73. Who continues to make films and experiment with objects as part of the Czech-Slovak Surrealists?
A) Jan Švankmajer
B) Asger Jorn
C) Guy Debord
D) Waldemar Fydrych
- 74. Which magazine did André Breton co-found in the United States during WWII?
A) VVV
B) View
C) Dyn
D) The Clean Handkerchief
- 75. Which journal has been published by the Group of Czech-Slovak Surrealists for almost 100 volumes?
A) Surrealist Poetry
B) Analogon
C) Alcheringa
D) The Theatre of Cruelty
- 76. Which Surrealist idea spread to North America and South America in the 1930s?
A) Artistic practices
B) Cubism
C) Dadaism
D) Political change
- 77. What technique did William S. Burroughs develop with Brion Gysin?
A) The cut-up technique
B) Automatic writing
C) Stream of consciousness
D) Free association
- 78. In which city did Alice Farley become active during the 1970s?
A) New York
B) San Francisco
C) Paris
D) Chicago
- 79. Which Surrealist composer wrote the opera 'La Petite Sirène'?
A) Germaine Tailleferre
B) György Ligeti
C) Mauricio Kagel
D) Pierre Boulez
- 80. Which Beat Generation writer cut off Marcel Duchamp's tie?
A) Gregory Corso
B) Allen Ginsberg
C) Lawrence Ferlinghetti
D) Bob Kaufman
- 81. What aspect does Alice Farley explore in her dance performances?
A) Costuming
B) Collaboration
C) Improvisation
D) Surrealism
- 82. Which Surrealist film was completed by Walt Disney Animation Studios in 2003?
A) Un Chien Andalou
B) L'Âge d'Or
C) The Blood of a Poet
D) Destino
- 83. Which Surrealist magazine prepared a schism between art and politics?
A) Adieu Marie
B) Bureau of Surrealist Research
C) DYN
D) Tropiques
- 84. Which critic grouped playwrights into the 'Theatre of the Absurd'?
A) Martin Esslin
B) André Breton
C) Henry Threadgill
D) Franklin Rosemont
- 85. Who was known as 'Major' in the Orange Alternative movement?
A) Guy Debord
B) Waldemar Fydrych
C) Asger Jorn
D) Joan Miró
- 86. What was the purpose of 'convulsive joining' in Surrealism?
A) To depict historical events
B) To organize thoughts clearly
C) A tool for revelation
D) To create realistic art
- 87. What journal has the current Surrealist Group of Paris recently published a new issue for?
A) Manifesto of Surrealism
B) Alcheringa
C) Analogon
D) The Theatre of the Absurd
- 88. Which Surrealist photographer was also known for their work in Japan?
A) Dora Maar
B) Kansuke Yamamoto
C) Man Ray
D) Brassaï
- 89. In which year did André Breton write about surrealism recognizing itself in anarchism?
A) 1939
B) 1968
C) 1952
D) 1945
- 90. Which artist is called the 'father of Surrealism' by Salvador Dalí?
A) Hieronymus Bosch
B) Joos de Momper
C) Giuseppe Arcimboldo
D) André Breton
- 91. Which American-born artist is known for using vivid and elaborate costuming in dance?
A) Eugène Ionesco
B) Henry Threadgill
C) Samuel Beckett
D) Alice Farley
- 92. Which Surrealist work was published in 1926?
A) Mr. Knife Miss Fork by Crevel
B) Irene's Cunt by Aragon
C) Death to the Pigs by Péret
D) Le Pèse-Nerfs by Artaud
- 93. Which surrealist periodical, edited by Georges Bataille, ended in 1931?
A) Le Surréalisme au Service de la Révolution
B) Documents
C) La Révolution surréaliste
D) Un Cadavre
- 94. Which movement is Afro-Surrealism primarily associated with?
A) Latin America
B) Asia
C) The African diaspora
D) Western Europe
- 95. Which Surrealist group was founded in Chile in 1938?
A) Mandrágora
B) Association des Ecrivains et Artistes Révolutionnaires
C) Tropiques
D) Bureau of Surrealist Research
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