A) Any rational human conduct that violates a criminal law and is subject to punishment B) Any action that is considered immoral C) Any human behavior D) Any behavior that deviates from social norms
A) Crime, criminals, criminal behavior, and society's response to crime B) The study of business management C) The study of human anatomy D) The study of political systems
A) Conduct which the people of a group consider so dangerous or embarrassing or irritating that they bring special sanctions to bear against the persons who exhibit it B) Criminal behavior C) Legal behavior D) Normal behavior
A) Opportunity to commit a crime B) Criminal intent C) Motive for a crime D) Criminal conduct specifically, intentional or criminally negligent action or inaction that causes harm
A) Criminal conduct B) Instrument used in a crime C) A criminal intent or a guilty state of mind D) Opportunity to commit a crime
A) Motive or desire B) Forgiveness C) Understanding D) Justice
A) The victim's vulnerability B) The legal system C) The time and place of the commission of the crime D) The criminal's background
A) Laws and regulations B) Social norms C) Tools employed by criminals D) Ethical guidelines
A) Crime is caused by economic inequality B) Crime is a result of genetic predispositions C) Crime happens when people grow up in neighborhoods with their own values that go against society’s usual rules D) Crime is a result of personal choices
A) Crime increases in neighborhoods where social institutions like family, school, and community control have broken down B) Crime is a result of strong community bonds C) Crime is a result of strict social control D) Crime decreases in organized communities
A) Crime happens when people achieve society’s goals through legal means B) Crime is a result of personal choices C) Crime happens when people cannot achieve society’s goals through legal means, causing pressure or frustration that leads to deviant behavior D) Crime is a result of genetic factors
A) Labeling only affects adults B) Labeling has no impact on behavior C) People become deviant when they resist societal labels D) People become deviant when society labels them negatively, causing the label to shape their identity and future behavior
A) Crime results from cooperation between groups B) Crime is a result of societal harmony C) Crime results from power struggles between groups, where dominant groups create laws that control and disadvantage weaker groups D) Crime is a result of individual choices
A) Behavior is determined by genetics B) All behavior, including criminal acts, is learned and shaped by rewards, punishments, and reactions from others C) Behavior is innate D) Behavior is random
A) Criminal behavior is only learned in schools B) People learn criminal behavior through observing, interacting with, and imitating others who already engage in crime C) Criminal behavior is not learned D) People learn criminal behavior through genetics
A) People become criminal when exposed to more pro-crime influences than anti-crime influences B) People are born criminal C) People are only influenced by their parents D) People become criminal when isolated from others
A) Criminal behavior is only learned through punishment B) Criminal behavior is learned through genetics C) Criminal behavior is random D) Criminal behavior is learned through rewards and punishments, combining social learning with psychological conditioning processes
A) Offenders are unaware of their actions B) Offenders always reject societal norms C) Offenders learn techniques to justify or excuse wrongdoing, allowing them to drift between lawful and unlawful behavior D) Offenders always obey the law
A) An organizing device for categorizing large amounts of information into mutually exclusive categories B) A type of punishment C) A criminal motive D) A legal defense
A) A civil dispute B) A serious crime C) A moral wrong D) An act or omission that is punishable by special laws
A) A law that is not enforced B) A law that applies only to certain people C) A statute enacted by congress, penal in character, which is not an amendment of the Revised Penal Code D) A law that is only applied in certain regions
A) A traffic violation B) A civil dispute C) A minor violation D) A serious crime. This category includes murder, rape, aggravated assault, robbery, arson, and so on. A felony is an act or omission that is punishable by the Revised Penal Code
A) An act that is in violation of a simple rule or regulation, a minor violation of the law. It usually refers to those committed by minor offenders such as violations of city or municipal ordinances B) A federal offense C) A moral wrong D) A serious crime
A) Public disturbances B) Financial fraud C) Traffic violations D) Offenses where violence was applied. They are also called acts or crimes against persons
A) Political reasons B) To seek revenge C) To bring financial gain to the offender D) To express anger
A) Crimes committed in private B) Crimes that benefit the public C) Unlawful acts that interfere with the normal operation of society and the ability of people to function efficiently D) Crimes that have no victims
A) Good in itself B) Evil in itself C) Neutral act D) Wrong because it is prohibited
A) Morally right B) Evil in itself C) Wrong because it is prohibited D) Socially acceptable
A) Crimes committed in the workplace B) Crimes committed against corporations C) Crimes committed by unskilled workers D) Those committed by persons of respectability and of upper socio-economic class in the course of their occupational activities; also referred to as corporate or occupational crime
A) Crimes committed by police officers B) Crimes committed in factories C) Crimes committed by white-collar workers D) Those committed by ordinary professional criminals to maintain their livelihood
A) Crimes committed by robots B) Crimes committed by animals C) Crimes committed by merely duplicating what was done by others; based on the D) Crimes committed by accident
A) Those committed at the height of great emotions B) Crimes committed for money C) Crimes committed for political reasons D) Crimes committed without thinking
A) Crimes committed through rendition of service to satisfy desire of another B) Crimes committed by government employees C) Crimes committed in the military D) Crimes committed by doctors
A) A crime against animals B) A crime against the environment C) A crime committed by a government through mass destruction or annihilation of human populations D) A crime against property
A) Violations of law that involve more than one country in their planning, execution, e.g. drug trafficking, human trafficking B) Crimes that are only committed by tourists C) Crimes that occur within a single country D) Crimes that are legal in some countries
A) Acts that breach environmental legislation and cause significant harm or risk to the environment and human health B) Crimes committed for environmental activism C) Crimes committed in national parks D) Crimes committed against people
A) Crimes committed by government officials B) Crimes committed in physical spaces C) Crimes that involve computers and networks D) Crimes committed by corporations
A) Crimes committed during elections B) Crimes committed by politicians C) Crimes committed in political rallies D) Criminal activities for ideological purposes; also serious violations of laws that threaten the security or existence of the government
A) Criminals who plan their crimes carefully B) They commit crimes due to impulses of the moment, fit of passion, anger, or spell of extreme jealousy C) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain D) Criminals who are mentally ill
A) Criminals who commit crimes due to mental illness B) Criminals who commit crimes impulsively C) They are those who acted in consonance with deliberate thinking D) Criminals who commit crimes due to drug addiction
A) Their psychic conditions resemble that of a normal individual, except that they identify themselves with criminal prototypes B) Criminals who are highly skilled C) Criminals who are highly intelligent D) Criminals who are mentally ill
A) Criminals who are highly organized B) Considered to be the lowest form in the criminal career, ordinary criminals engage only in conventional crimes that require limited skill. They lack organization to help them avoid arrest and conviction C) Criminals who commit complex crimes D) Criminals who are highly skilled
A) Criminals who are easily caught B) They have high degree of organization to enable them to commit crimes without being detected C) Criminals who are mentally unstable D) Criminals who commit crimes randomly
A) They are highly skilled and able to obtain considerable amount of money without being detected due to organization and contact with professional criminals. They are always able to escape conviction, and they specialize in crimes that require skills B) Criminals who are amateurs C) Criminals who are easily caught D) Criminals who are mentally ill
A) They commit criminal acts as a result of unanticipated circumstances B) Criminals who commit crimes intentionally C) Criminals who plan their crimes carefully D) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain
A) Criminals who commit crimes randomly B) Criminals who are always criminal C) They are not actually criminals but commit crimes due to a given situation; sometimes their criminal activities are intermixed with legitimate activities D) Criminals who commit crimes for fun
A) Criminals who commit crimes only once B) Criminals who commit crimes for political reasons C) Criminals who commit crimes rarely D) They continue to commit criminal acts for diverse reasons due to deficiency of intelligence and lack of self-control
A) Criminals who commit crimes for financial gain B) They commit crimes in impulsive manner usually due to their aggressive behavior, as shown in crimes of passion, resentment, or revenge C) Criminals who are passive D) Criminals who commit crimes calmly
A) They commit crimes because they are pushed to inducement, reward, or promise without considering do it, by the consequences. For this, they are called "ulukan." B) Criminals who commit crimes independently C) Criminals who are aggressive D) Criminals who commit crimes for political reasons
A) Criminals who reject social norms B) Criminals who are isolated from society C) They are normal in their behavior but mere inadequate and defective in their socialization process D) Criminals
A) Retribution B) Specific Deterrence C) Rehabilitation D) General Deterrence
A) Cesare Lombroso B) Enrico Ferri C) Raffaele Garofalo E. D) Jeremy Bentham
A) Social Control Theory B) Strain Theory C) Labeling Theory D) Broken Windows Theory
A) Rational Choice Theory B) Differential Association Theory C) Routine Activities Theory D) Anomie Theory
A) Symbiosis B) Atavism C) Anomie D) Somatotyping
A) A Capable Guardian B) Social Bond C) A Motivated Offender D) A Suitable Target
A) Secondary Victimization B) Victim Blaming C) Restorative Justice D) Victim Compensation
A) White-collar Crime B) Blue-collar Crime C) Violent Crime D) Victimless Crime
A) Victim more Guilty than Offender B) Victim with Minor Guilt C) Completely Innocent Victim D) Victim as Guilty as Offender
A) Episodic/Acute Crime B) Professional Crime C) A person commits a crime not because they planned to, but because they were overwhelmed by a sudden, intense heat of passion or extreme provocation. This is categorized as D) Chronic Crime
A) Positivist School B) Neo-Classical School C) Chicago School D) AClassical School
A) Classical School B) Neo-Classical School C) Italian School D) Positivist School
A) Criminogenesis B) Victimogenesis C) Criminal Evolution D) Penology
A) Robert Merton B) William Sheldon C) Emile Durkheim D) Sigmund Freud
A) Primary Deviance B) Secondary Deviance C) Social Stigma D) Tertiary Deviance
A) Is applicable only in specific countries. B) Uses chemistry to analyze blood C) Studies crime as a social phenomenon D) Only focuses on the laws written in books
A) Absolute B) Dynamic C) Nationalistic D) Stable
A) Penology B) Sociology of Law C) Victimology D) Criminal Etiology
A) Strain Theory B) Choice Theory C) Social Disorganization Theory D) Biological Theory
A) Crime Rate B) Index Crimes C) Recidivism D) Dark Figure of Crime
A) Actus Reus B) Mens Rea C) Modus Operandi D) Mala In Se
A) Mala In Se B) Felony C) Misdemeanor D) Mala Prohibita
A) Doli Incapax B) Actus Reus C) Corpus Delicti D) Mens Rea
A) Penology B) Criminology C) Sociology D) Criminalistics
A) Pleasure-Pain Principle (Hedonism) B) Free Will Doctrine C) All of the above D) Rational Choice Theory
A) Innovation B) Ritualism C) Retreatism D) Conformity
A) Focal Concerns of the Lower Class B) Labeling Theory C) Differential Association D) Social Bond Theory
A) General Strain Theory (Agnew) B) Rational Choice Theory C) Classical Strain Theory D) Neutralization Theory
A) Life Course Theory B) Social Control/Bond Theory C) Social Learning Theory D) Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
A) Involvement B) Commitment C) Belief D) Attachment
A) Neuroticism B) Paranoia C) Schizophrenia D) Psychopathy/Antisocial Personality Disorder
A) Id B) Superego C) Alter-Ego D) Ego
A) Psychological Positivism B) Evolutionary Criminology C) Biochemical Theory D) Social Ecology
A) Genetic Predisposition B) Cognitive Dissonance C) Operant Conditioning D) bservational Learning (Modeling)
A) Preconscious B) Superego C) Id D) Ego
A) Condemnation of Condemners B) Denial of Responsibility C) Denial of Victim D) Denial of Injury
A) Radical Non-intervention B) Decriminalization C) Diversion D) The Dramatization of Evil
A) . Deviance that occurs after a person accepts a criminal label. B) Crime that is inherently evil. C) Initial acts of norm violation that have very little influence on the self-concept D) Crime committed by high-ranking officials.
A) Incapacitation B) Deterrence C) Retribution D) Diversion
A) Zone IV: Residential Zone B) Zone II: Zone in Transition C) Zone III: Workingmen’s Homes D) Zone I: Central Business District
A) December B) October C) January D) July
A) B. Late Adolescence/Young Adulthood (15-24) B) Middle Age (40-50) C) Senior Years (65+) D) Childhood (5-10)
A) Littering B) Vagrancy C) Gambling D) Robbery
A) It is more official than police records. B) It captures the "Dark Figure of Crime" C) It only counts crimes that lead to a conviction. D) It is always 100% honest
A) Alibi B) Insanity C) Duress/Compulsion D) Self-defense
A) Anomie B) Anomie C) Atavism D) Stigma
A) Due Process B) Habeas Corpus C) Presumption of Innocence D) Equal Protection
A) Blue Law B) Ex Post Facto Law C) Writ of Amparo D) Bill of Attainder
A) Denial of Injury B) Denial of Responsibility C) Denial of Victim D) Appeal to Higher Loyalties
A) The concept of democracy. B) The use of prisons. C) Scientific research D) The cruel and arbitrary justice of the 18th century |