- 1. Which political parties competed for support from overseas Chinese in the first half of the 20th century?
A) Beiyang and the Nationalist Party
B) Socialist Party and Liberal Party
C) Democratic Party and Republican Party
D) Kuomintang and the Communist Party
- 2. During 1911–1949, where did most nationalist and neutral refugees from mainland China flee?
A) North America
B) South America
C) Western Europe
D) Africa
- 3. When did overseas Chinese who settled in Singapore and Malaysia automatically gain citizenship?
A) 1984 and 1997
B) 1957 and 1963
C) 1949 and 1950
D) 1960 and 1970
- 4. Which historical site in Malaysia is associated with the meeting hall of the Malaysian Chinese Association?
A) Bandung Hall
B) Tiananmen Square
C) Sun Yat Sen Villa
D) The Forbidden City
- 5. Why did the United States support Nationalist forces that retreated into Burma?
A) To support the Burmese government
B) To expand American territory
C) To assist the Communist revolutionaries
D) To harass the People's Republic of China
- 6. What happened to the remaining Nationalist forces in Burma in 1960?
A) They were integrated into the US Army
B) They were granted Burmese citizenship
C) They were expelled by joint Chinese and Burmese military action
D) They returned to mainland China
- 7. What did the Bandung declaration state regarding overseas Chinese?
A) They were considered capitalist infiltrators
B) They owed primary loyalty to their home nation
C) They should support the Kuomintang
D) They owed primary loyalty to the People's Republic of China
- 8. What caused a wave of migration from Hong Kong in 1984?
A) The Korean War
B) Britain agreed to transfer sovereignty to the PRC
C) The collapse of the Nationalist government
D) The Bandung declaration
- 9. What event further accelerated migration from Hong Kong after 1984?
A) The independence of Singapore
B) The retreat of the Nationalist army
C) The closing of Vladivostok
D) The 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
- 10. How many Chinese did Howard French estimate moved to Africa between 1994 and 2014?
A) Over five million
B) Over one million
C) Exactly 500,000
D) Under 100,000
- 11. Which city contains the largest ethnic Chinese population outside of Asia as of 2017?
A) Vladivostok
B) Singapore
C) New York
D) London
- 12. How many Chinese people were estimated to live in Austria?
A) 76,000
B) Over 200,000
C) Over 1 million
D) 15,000 to 30,000
- 13. Which region in Russia is home to over 200,000 Chinese people?
A) St. Petersburg
B) The Russian Far East
C) The Ural Mountains
D) Moscow
- 14. How many Chinese people lived in Germany as of 2010?
A) 893,000
B) Around 76,000
C) 15,000
D) 200,000
- 15. Which coastal regions were main ports for migration out of China during the mid-20th century?
A) Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan and Shanghai
B) Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan and Tibet
C) Yunnan, Sichuan, Tibet and Xinjiang
D) Beijing, Tianjin, Dalian and Qingdao
- 16. How far back does the history of Chinese migration to overseas territories date?
A) 12th century
B) 8th century
C) 14th century
D) 10th century
- 17. Who was the envoy of the Ming empire mentioned in the text?
A) Zhu Di
B) Zhu Yuanzhang
C) Zheng He
D) Zheng Chenggong
- 18. What area became a maritime hub during the time of Zheng He?
A) Taiwan Strait
B) Sunda Strait
C) South China Sea islands
D) Malacca Strait
- 19. Which city's colonization by the British created opportunities for Chinese labor export?
A) Hong Kong
B) Shanghai
C) Singapore
D) Macau
- 20. Which region was a major source of economic migrants in Guangdong Province?
A) Guangzhou
B) Shenzhen
C) Taishan
D) Foshan
- 21. Why did many Chinese move to San Francisco in the mid-1800s?
A) Railway construction jobs
B) Educational opportunities
C) Religious freedom
D) California Gold Rush
- 22. To which region were 18,000 Chinese brought as indentured workers starting in 1853?
A) French Indochina
B) Spanish Philippines
C) Dutch East Indies
D) British West Indies
- 23. During which conflict were some overseas Chinese sold to South America?
A) Red Turban Rebellion
B) Sino-Japanese War
C) Taiping Rebellion
D) Punti–Hakka Clan Wars
- 24. Where was the Lanfang Republic established?
A) South Sumatra
B) West Kalimantan
C) East Java
D) North Sulawesi
- 25. When did the Qing dynasty establish the first Nationality Law of China?
A) 1911
B) 1895
C) 1909
D) 1900
- 26. Which of the following does NOT constitute part of 'Greater China' according to the text?
A) Taiwan
B) Japan
C) Mainland China
D) Hong Kong
- 27. Which term is used to refer to people of Chinese descent or ancestry living outside of China, regardless of their citizenship?
A) Tángrén
B) Huáyì
C) Haigui
D) Huáqiáo
- 28. What does the term 'Tángrén' literally mean?
A) Sojourning people
B) Returning people
C) Tang people
D) Minority people
- 29. In the context of the term 'Tángrén', what historical era is referenced?
A) Han dynasty
B) Tang dynasty
C) Qing dynasty
D) Ming dynasty
- 30. What does the term 'shǎoshù mínzú' indicate when added to terms for overseas Chinese?
A) Returned immigrants
B) Naturalized citizens
C) Cross-border families
D) Ethnic minorities
- 31. According to the text, what percentage of China's population were people living outside mainland China (born in mainland) as of 2023?
A) 0.7 percent
B) 10.5 percent
C) 5.7 percent
D) 3.1 percent
- 32. Which group mentioned in the text might identify or not identify as Chinese despite historic connections?
A) The Hmong
B) The Hokkiens
C) The Cantonese
D) The Toisanese
- 33. What is the estimated value of liquid assets controlled by Chinese emigrants?
A) US$1 trillion
B) US$500 billion
C) US$67 billion
D) US$2 trillion
- 34. What term is used to describe the Chinese business community of Southeast Asia?
A) Bamboo network
B) Dragon trade association
C) Silk road
D) Chinatown network
- 35. Which country received the most remittances in 2018?
A) China
B) Philippines
C) India
D) Thailand
- 36. Which country is considered the most successful case of assimilation for overseas Chinese?
A) Cambodia
B) Indonesia
C) Vietnam
D) Thailand
- 37. What is the world's oldest Chinatown?
A) Ho Chi Minh City Chinatown
B) Parian
C) Binondo
D) Bangkok Chinatown
- 38. What were Chinese merchants in the Spanish colonial Philippines required to reside in?
A) Middle-class districts
B) Binondo
C) Parians
D) Chinatowns
- 39. Which former Philippine president was of Chinese descent?
A) Hú Jǐntāo
B) Ferdinand Marcos
C) Rama I
D) King Taksin
- 40. In which country were Chinese people forced to adopt local names after 1965?
A) Singapore
B) Thailand
C) Indonesia
D) Malaysia
- 41. What was the name of the Chinese people in the Philippines?
A) Parians
B) Hakka
C) Hoa
D) Sangley
- 42. In which country were people with Chinese names prevented from finding government employment between 1965 and 1993?
A) Brunei
B) Cambodia
C) Vietnam
D) Myanmar
- 43. How are Chinese names pronounced in Vietnam?
A) Romanized versions
B) Direct Chinese pronunciation
C) Local phonetic spelling
D) Sino-Vietnamese readings
- 44. What philosophy is mentioned as a similarity between Vietnamese and Chinese traditions?
A) Confucianism
B) Buddhism
C) Shintoism
D) Hinduism
- 45. What term refers to the mixed descendants of Chinese and Filipinos during the Spanish colonial period?
A) Tornatrás
B) Principalía
C) Illustrado
D) Sangley
- 46. Who put forward the argument that the 13 May 1969 incident was a pre-meditated attempt by the Malay elite to incite hostility?
A) Dipa Aidit
B) Kevin Rudd
C) Pol Pot
D) Kua Kia Soong
- 47. Which term refers to 'native sons' in Malaysia who oppose meritocratic treatment of Chinese and Indians?
A) Hakka
B) Bumiputra
C) Malay elite
D) Indigenous
- 48. When was the White Australia Policy formally abolished?
A) 1901
B) 1943
C) 1973
D) 2007
- 49. Which Spanish city experienced an anti-Chinese riot in September 2004?
A) Madrid
B) Elche
C) Barcelona
D) Valencia
- 50. What year was the Canadian Chinese Immigration Act repealed?
A) 1923
B) 1952
C) 1947
D) 1965
- 51. What is the term used to describe Chinese populations that hold significant economic power despite being a small percentage of the total population?
A) Indigenous majority
B) Bumiputra
C) Market-dominant minority
D) Native sons
- 52. In what year was the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office (OCAO) merged into the United Front Work Department?
A) 2015
B) 2020
C) 2018
D) 2010
- 53. Does the Nationality Law of the PRC recognize dual citizenship?
A) Yes, under special circumstances
B) No
C) Yes, but only for children
D) Yes, but only for business owners
- 54. What is the term used for traditional 'overseas-Chinese hometowns'?
A) Qiaoxiang
B) Zhejiang
C) Hukou
D) Guangdong
- 55. According to the Chinese government, what percentage of students who went overseas after 1978 have not returned?
A) One-quarter
B) Ninety percent
C) Three-quarters
D) One-half
- 56. What did the PRC return in the 1980s to court the support of overseas Chinese?
A) Confiscated properties
B) Investment capital
C) Passports and visas
D) Government positions
- 57. Which leader encouraged overseas Chinese to help realize the 'Chinese Dream' in 2022?
A) Deng Xiaoping
B) Hu Jintao
C) Mao Zedong
D) Xi Jinping
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