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Diversity index - Quiz
Contributed by: Ogden
  • 1. What is the Rényi entropy a generalization of?
A) Gini coefficient
B) Shannon entropy
C) Herfindahl index
D) Simpson index
  • 2. Who introduced the Simpson index in 1949?
A) Albert O. Hirschman
B) Edward H. Simpson
C) Hunter–Gaston
D) Orris C. Herfindahl
  • 3. What is the economic term for the Simpson index?
A) Herfindahl–Hirschman index
B) Gini index
C) Shannon index
D) Rényi index
  • 4. What does the Simpson index (λ) represent?
A) The inverse of the total richness
B) The probability that two entities taken at random represent the same type
C) The total number of species in a dataset
D) The mean of the proportional abundances
  • 5. What is the value of 1/λ equivalent to in terms of true diversity?
A) True diversity with q = 3
B) True diversity with q = 0
C) True diversity with q = 1
D) True diversity with q = 2
  • 6. In the formula for the Simpson index, what does R represent?
A) Ratio of types
B) Rényi entropy
C) Random sampling constant
D) Richness
  • 7. What is the name of the Simpson index form used in microbiology?
A) Hirschman–Simpson index
B) Hunter–Gaston index
C) Herfindahl–Gaston index
D) Shannon–Hunter index
  • 8. What happens to the value of λ in datasets of high diversity?
A) It obtains large values
B) It remains constant
C) It becomes undefined
D) It obtains small values
  • 9. Which of these is a common transformation of λ that increases with diversity?
A) Gini–Simpson index (1 − λ)
B) Sum of λ
C) Square root of λ
D) Logarithm of λ
  • 10. What assumption is made for the standard interpretation of λ as a probability?
A) The number of types must be equal to the number of entities
B) The dataset must be infinitely large
C) Entities are sampled with replacement
D) Entities are sampled without replacement
  • 11. Who introduced the square root of the Simpson index in 1945?
A) Albert O. Hirschman
B) Orris C. Herfindahl
C) Edward H. Simpson
D) Claude Shannon
  • 12. What is the range of the minimum value for λ?
A) λ ≥ 1/R
B) λ ≥ R
C) λ ≥ 0
D) λ ≥ 1
  • 13. What is a diversity index used for?
A) Calculating the total biomass of a community
B) Identifying individual organisms by name
C) Measuring different types in a dataset
D) Predicting the future growth of a population
  • 14. What is meant by the term 'richness' in the context of a diversity index?
A) A count of the number of types in a dataset
B) The total weight of all organisms
C) The geographical spread of a species
D) The proportional abundance of the rarest type
  • 15. In information science, what entities are typically measured using diversity indices?
A) Hardware components
B) Characters
C) Digital signals
D) Network nodes
  • 16. What are Hill numbers also known as?
A) Categorical variation counts
B) Shannon entropy constants
C) Phylogenetic averages
D) Effective number of species
  • 17. What does the parameter 'q' define in the calculation of true diversity?
A) The total number of types in the dataset
B) The geographical size of the site
C) The unit of measurement used for the diversity
D) The sensitivity to rare versus abundant species
  • 18. What is the Shannon index called in the field of machine learning?
A) Diversity gain
B) Information gain
C) Entropy reduction
D) Perplexity
  • 19. What is the value of the Shannon index when there is only one type in a dataset?
A) Zero
B) Negative one
C) One
D) Infinity
  • 20. What does the Rényi entropy add to diversity measurement?
A) The inclusion of phylogenetic relatedness
B) The ability to count rare species only
C) A way to calculate biomass
D) The ability to freely vary the kind of weighted mean used
  • 21. What is the relationship between the Shannon index (H') and true diversity (1D)?
A) H' equals ln(1D)
B) H' equals 1/1D
C) H' equals the square of 1D
D) H' equals 1D
  • 22. What are indices that account for phylogenetic relatedness called?
A) Phylogenetic richness counts
B) Species-relativity indices
C) Phylo-divergence indices
D) Genetic diversity indices
  • 23. How is the Berger–Parker index defined?
A) The maximum proportional abundance
B) The sum of squared proportional abundances
C) The inverse of the Simpson index
D) The weighted arithmetic mean of types
  • 24. The Berger–Parker index is equal to the inverse of which diversity order?
A) Order 0
B) Order 2
C) Order 1
D) Order infinity
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