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Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve - Quiz
Contributed by: Fernandes
  • 1. What percentage of glacial ice in Alaska is accounted for by the mountain ranges of Wrangell–St. Elias?
A) 60 percent
B) 40 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 75 percent
  • 2. Which glacier is the largest piedmont glacier in North America?
A) Tyndall Glacier
B) Malaspina Glacier
C) Hubbard Glacier
D) Nabesna Glacier
  • 3. What is the longest tidewater glacier in Alaska?
A) Guyot Glacier
B) Hubbard Glacier
C) Malaspina Glacier
D) Nabesna Glacier
  • 4. Which glacier is recognized as the world's longest valley glacier?
A) Malaspina Glacier
B) Hubbard Glacier
C) Tyndall Glacier
D) Nabesna Glacier
  • 5. What significant geological feature did a glacial dam in the Copper River valley create during the Wisconsin glaciation?
A) Bremner Lake
B) Valdez Lake
C) Lake Atna
D) Copper Lake
  • 6. When was gold first discovered in the Bremner district of Wrangell–St. Elias?
A) 1890
B) 1925
C) 1901
D) 1913
  • 7. Which mineral was primarily sourced from the Kennecott lode next to the Kennicott Glacier?
A) Copper
B) Molybdenum
C) Gold
D) Nickel
  • 8. What was the copper sulfide ore at Kennecott lode initially assayed to contain?
A) 70% copper
B) 50% copper
C) 80% copper
D) 60% copper
  • 9. Which people settled near the mouth of the Copper River on the Gulf of Alaska?
A) Tlingit people
B) Eyak people
C) Upper Tanana speakers
D) Ahtna people
  • 10. Who was the first European known to have explored the lower Copper River?
A) Lieutenant William Abercrombie
B) John Bremner
C) George Holt
D) Vitus Bering
  • 11. Which company established a permanent trading post at Port Etches in 1793?
A) Hudson's Bay Company
B) Shelikov Company
C) Northwest Company
D) Lebedev-Lastochkin Company
  • 12. In what year did the Tlingit and Eyak attack and destroy the Russian post at Yakutat?
A) 1789
B) 1793
C) 1805
D) 1819
  • 13. Who led an expedition that fully explored the Copper and Chitina rivers in 1885?
A) John Bremner
B) Frederick Schwatka
C) George Holt
D) Lieutenant Henry Tureman Allen
  • 14. Which expedition noted the use of copper by native peoples along the Copper River?
A) Schwatka expedition
B) Bremner expedition
C) Abercrombie expedition
D) Allen expedition
  • 15. What was the fate of a party that started from Taral in 1848 with the intention of reaching the Yukon River?
A) They returned to Taral without incident
B) They were killed by the Ahtna
C) They successfully reached the Yukon River
D) They established a new trading post
  • 16. When are most park facilities open?
A) All year round
B) Only during winter
C) From June to August
D) From May to September
  • 17. What is unique about the Kendesnii campground?
A) It's the only Park Service-managed campground in the park
B) It has over 100 sites
C) It's located near Icy Bay
D) It's accessible only by air
  • 18. Is a permit required for backcountry camping?
A) Only during winter months
B) No, it is allowed without a permit
C) Permits are only required for overnight stays
D) Yes, a special permit is needed
  • 19. What limits mountain biking in the park?
A) The presence of dangerous wildlife
B) Lack of designated trails
C) Prevailing boggy conditions in the summer
D) Strict regulations by the Park Service
  • 20. How many of the 70 tallest mountains in Alaska are located in the park?
A) 50
B) 35
C) 25
D) 10
  • 21. What is required to use off-road vehicles (ORVs) in the preserve?
A) Specific routes and permits
B) An air taxi service reservation
C) No restrictions or requirements
D) A special license from the Park Service
  • 22. Where is sport hunting allowed?
A) Throughout the entire park and preserve
B) Anywhere in the park as long as it's not during peak tourist season
C) Only within the preserve lands
D) In designated areas of the visitor centers
  • 23. Who manages hunting regulations?
A) Alaska's Department of Wildlife Conservation
B) The National Park Service and the Alaska Department of Fish and Game
C) Only the National Park Service
D) Local residents' committees
  • 24. In which year was Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve established?
A) 1990
B) 1965
C) 1980
D) 1978
  • 25. Who designated Wrangell–St. Elias as a national monument in 1978?
A) President George H.W. Bush
B) President Jimmy Carter
C) President Ronald Reagan
D) President Richard Nixon
  • 26. What is the highest peak within Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve?
A) Mount Churchill
B) Mount Blackburn
C) Mount Saint Elias
D) Mount Wrangell
  • 27. What is the total area of Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve?
A) 15,000,000 acres
B) 8,323,147.59 acres
C) 13,175,799.07 acres (20,587.19 sq mi; 53,320.57 km2)
D) 10,000,000 acres
  • 28. What is the largest single wilderness area in the United States located within Wrangell–St. Elias?
A) Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument
B) Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness
C) Denali Wilderness
D) Wrangell–St. Elias Wilderness
  • 29. Which of the following is not a major river in Wrangell–St. Elias National Park?
A) Chitina River
B) Kuskokwim River
C) Nabesna River
D) Chisana River
  • 30. How many of the 16 highest peaks on U.S. soil are located in Wrangell–St. Elias National Park?
A) Nine
B) Twelve
C) Sixteen
D) Five
  • 31. Which of the following is not a major volcano in the Wrangell Range?
A) Mount Churchill
B) Mount McKinley
C) Mount Blackburn
D) Mount Wrangell
  • 32. What geological process leads to the formation of volcanoes inland from the subduction zone?
A) Erosion
B) Weathering
C) Sedimentation
D) Subduction
  • 33. When did the Alaskan coast reach its modern configuration?
A) About 50 million years ago
B) 100 million years ago
C) 75 million years ago
D) 25 million years ago
  • 34. What is the age of the oldest volcanoes in Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve?
A) 67 million years old
B) 110 million years old
C) 50 million years old
D) About 26 million years old
  • 35. Which terrane is part of the Wrangellia composite terrane?
A) Prince William Terrane
B) Windy or Yukon-Tanana Terrane
C) Yakutat Terrane
D) Chugach Terrane
  • 36. What geological feature is formed by the subduction of the Pacific Plate under Alaska?
A) Mountain ranges
B) Oceans
C) Plains
D) Deserts
  • 37. What type of volcano is Mount Wrangell primarily classified as?
A) Lava dome
B) Stratovolcano
C) Cinder cone
D) Shield volcano
  • 38. What is the height of Mount Wrangell?
A) 16,390 feet (5,000 m)
B) 9,040 feet (2,760 m)
C) 14,163 feet (4,317 m)
D) 13,421 feet (4,091 m)
  • 39. What geological feature is Mount Zanetti?
A) A large cinder cone
B) A shield volcano
C) A lava dome
D) A stratovolcano
  • 40. What type of eruptions does Mount Wrangell's summit produce occasionally?
A) Phreatic eruptions
B) Plinian eruptions
C) Hawaiian eruptions
D) Strombolian eruptions
  • 41. What type of volcanic activity is associated with the arrival of the Yakutat terrane?
A) Subduction-related volcanism
B) Rift zone volcanism
C) Lava dome formation
D) Hotspot volcanism
  • 42. What is the height of Mount Sanford, the tallest of the western Wrangell volcanoes?
A) 9,040 feet (2,760 m)
B) 14,163 feet (4,317 m)
C) 13,421 feet (4,091 m)
D) 16,237 feet (4,949 m)
  • 43. What type of volcanoes are the majority of the Wrangell volcanoes classified as?
A) Cinder cones
B) Shield volcanoes
C) Stratovolcanoes
D) Lava domes
  • 44. Who was sent by the U.S. Geological Survey to find the source of copper ore in Kennicott Glacier?
A) Clarence Warner
B) Oscar Rohn
C) Jack Smith
D) Stephen Birch
  • 45. What was the length of the railway constructed for Kennecott mine?
A) 250 miles (402 km)
B) 300 miles (482 km)
C) 195 miles (314 km)
D) 100 miles (160 km)
  • 46. In which year was the Kennecott operation finally shut down?
A) 1940
B) 1925
C) 1950
D) 1938
  • 47. How much copper did the Kennecott mine yield?
A) 600,000 tons
B) 800,000 tons
C) 700,000 tons
D) 500,000 tons
  • 48. Which oilfield produced oil near Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve from 1903 to 1933?
A) Copper River
B) Nabesna
C) Kushtaka
D) Katalla
  • 49. Who first proposed a national park in the Chitina Valley?
A) Bob Marshall
B) Harold L. Ickes
C) Ernest Gruening
D) Frank Been
  • 50. What was the name of the 1964 study advocating development and promotion of Alaska parks?
A) Great Alaskan Adventure
B) National Park Expansion Study
C) Operation Great Land
D) Alaska's Future
  • 51. Who introduced the first version of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act in 1977?
A) Walter J. Hickel
B) Morris K. Udall
C) Ernest Gruening
D) Mike Gravel
  • 52. What year did relations between local residents and the Park Service worsen due to testimony before Congress?
A) 1985
B) 1979
C) 1994
D) 2000
  • 53. Which organization claimed that the UNESCO World Heritage Site designation was part of a UN plan to control U.S. parks?
A) United Nations
B) The John Birch Society
C) Alaska State Government
D) National Park Service
  • 54. In what year was the transborder park system, including Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
A) 1980
B) 1979
C) 1967
D) 1995
  • 55. What is the average annual extreme minimum temperature at Kennecott Visitor Center according to USDA?
A) -37.8 °F
B) -45.0 °F
C) -30.0 °F
D) -40.0 °F
  • 56. Which month marks the beginning of summer in Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve?
A) August
B) May
C) June
D) July
  • 57. How many months during winter can temperatures remain below freezing in the park's interior?
A) Three months
B) Two months
C) Five months
D) Seven months
  • 58. Which of these animals is NOT mentioned as important to the habitat within the UNESCO World Heritage Site designation?
A) Wolves
B) Caribou
C) Dall sheep
D) Grizzly bears
  • 59. What is the Plant Hardiness zone at Kennecott Visitor Center?
A) 2c
B) 4b
C) 5a
D) 3a
  • 60. Which of the following is NOT one of the five major environmental categories in Wrangell–St. Elias National Park?
A) Lowlands
B) Uplands
C) Wetlands
D) Desert
  • 61. What type of forest dominates the drier upland regions in Wrangell–St. Elias?
A) Temperate rainforest
B) Tropical rainforest
C) Savanna
D) Boreal forest (taiga)
  • 62. Which tree species is better adapted to fire conditions in the park's upland regions?
A) Black spruce
B) Quaking aspen
C) White spruce
D) Paper birch
  • 63. Which plant is NOT typically found in the wetland areas of Wrangell–St. Elias?
A) Cacti
B) Sedges
C) Spikerush
D) Grasses
  • 64. Which type of ground cover is common in the lowland regions with permafrost?
A) Cacti
B) Tropical ferns
C) Desert shrubs
D) Ground mosses
  • 65. What type of riverbeds are found in the park's glacial valleys?
A) Straight riverbeds
B) Braided riverbeds
C) Circular riverbeds
D) Meandering riverbeds
  • 66. Which plant is NOT typically found in the subalpine environment?
A) Forbs
B) Tropical orchids
C) Graminoids
D) Low shrubs
  • 67. Which endangered sea lion species may be observed along the park’s coastal waters?
A) Steller sea lion
B) California sea lion
C) Dall's porpoise
D) Harbor seal
  • 68. How many species of fish have been documented in the fresh waters of Wrangell–St. Elias National Park?
A) 15
B) 21
C) 30
D) 10
  • 69. Which bird is not listed as one of the most common in Wrangell–St. Elias National Park?
A) Bald eagle
B) Raven
C) Canada goose
D) Willow ptarmigan
  • 70. How many bird species remain in the park during winter?
A) 93
B) 50
C) 24
D) 75
  • 71. Which owl is not mentioned as inhabiting Wrangell–St. Elias National Park?
A) Boreal owl
B) Snowy owl
C) Great horned owl
D) Northern hawk owl
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