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Tombs at Xanthos - Quiz
Contributed by: Ogden
  • 1. Where is the Harpy Tomb located?
A) In the city center
B) In the valley
C) On the Acropolis
D) Near the river
  • 2. What art style is used for the Harpy Tomb decorations?
A) Lycian Style
B) Classical Greek Style
C) Hellenistic Style
D) Greek Archaic Style
  • 3. What was the initial interpretation of the winged females on the Harpy Tomb?
A) A scene of hero worship
B) A royal marriage ceremony
C) A myth about violence to the Lycian royal family
D) A depiction of the gods of the underworld
  • 4. Why did the second theory suggest the imagery depicted the underworld?
A) The tomb was fabricated by Greek artisans
B) It was commissioned by a priest
C) The tomb was located near a temple
D) The iconography was exclusively Lycian
  • 5. Why was a third theory developed regarding the Harpy Tomb?
A) The previous theories were proven impossible
B) Mainland Greek tombs did not include figures of gods
C) The tomb was destroyed by an earthquake
D) New inscriptions were discovered
  • 6. What is the third theory for the iconography of the Harpy Tomb?
A) A visual representation of the afterlife
B) A celebration of a military victory
C) The depiction of a royal procession
D) Hero worship of the buried individuals
  • 7. What is another name for the Inscribed Pillar of Xanthos?
A) The Royal Pillar
B) The Xanthian Obelisk
C) The Pillar of the Gods
D) The Acropolis Monument
  • 8. What was located on top of the Inscribed Pillar?
A) A decorative frieze
B) A tomb chamber
C) A sacred flame
D) A statue of the occupant
  • 9. What happened to the chamber tomb on the Inscribed Pillar?
A) It was removed by archaeologists
B) It was stolen in antiquity
C) It fell off due to seismic activity
D) It collapsed during a war
  • 10. What is depicted in the friezes of the Inscribed Pillar?
A) Maps of the Lycian territory
B) The daily life of common people
C) Hunting and battle scenes
D) Religious rituals and offerings
  • 11. What languages are found on the Inscribed Pillar?
A) Greek and two types of Lycian
B) Lycian and Persian
C) Greek, Latin, and Lycian
D) Greek and Phoenician
  • 12. To whom was the Greek inscription on the pillar likely dedicated?
A) The citizens of Lycia
B) 12 Greek gods
C) The King of Xanthos
D) The heroes of the Trojan War
  • 13. Which inscription on the pillar is the oldest Greek inscription in Lycia?
A) The Lycian A text
B) The Lycian B text
C) The dedication of the monument
D) The royal hunting list
  • 14. Which of the Lycian inscriptions has been translated?
A) Lycian B
B) Lycian A
C) Lycian C
D) None of the Lycian inscriptions
  • 15. Why is the creator of the Inscribed Pillar unknown?
A) The pillar was collaborative
B) The artist refused to sign his work
C) The language used is completely extinct
D) Letters in the name are missing
  • 16. Where is Xanthos located?
A) The Levant
B) Central Asia
C) Northern Greece
D) Southwestern Anatolia
  • 17. Who excavated several tombs at Xanthos and moved them to the British Museum?
A) Sir Arthur Evans
B) Heinrich Schliemann
C) Sir Charles Fellows
D) Howard Carter
  • 18. In what year were the Xanthos tombs transported to the British Museum?
A) 1848 CE
B) 1902 CE
C) 1799 CE
D) 1822 CE
  • 19. What empire governed the area during the time of the Xanthos kings?
A) Achaemenid Empire
B) Roman Empire
C) Byzantine Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
  • 20. What material is the chest of the Lion Pillar made of?
A) Sandstone
B) White limestone
C) Granite
D) Marble
  • 21. What is the approximate height of the Lion Pillar?
A) 1.5 metres
B) 5 metres
C) 10 metres
D) 3 metres
  • 22. What animal is pinned by the lion on the south side of the chest?
A) A deer
B) A goat
C) A bull
D) A horse
  • 23. What is the subject of the imagery on the north side of the Lion Pillar?
A) A lion interacting with her cubs
B) A king on a throne
C) Religious offerings
D) A battle scene
  • 24. What is a chiton?
A) A Greek-style tunic
B) A funeral shroud
C) A ceremonial spear
D) A type of helmet
  • 25. When did the pillar tombs begin to reflect the facades of Greek temples?
A) 550–500 BCE
B) 450–400 BCE
C) 375–350 BCE
D) 300–250 BCE
  • 26. Which architectural order was used to build the Nereid Monument?
A) Tuscan
B) Doric
C) Corinthian
D) Ionic
  • 27. Which monument did the Nereid Monument directly influence?
A) Lomas Rishi caves
B) Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
C) Acropolis Pillar
D) Lion Tomb
  • 28. Who was the Xanthian King entombed in the Nereid Monument?
A) King Erbinna
B) King Payava
C) King Pallava
D) King Cyrus
  • 29. What is the secondary iconographic source found on the top two reliefs of the Nereid Monument podium?
A) Roman
B) Assyrian
C) Egyptian
D) Persian
  • 30. Which of the following is NOT listed as a tomb at Xanthos?
A) Acropolis Pillar
B) The Sphinx Pillar
C) Tomb of Payava
D) Theatre Pillar
  • 31. The Lycian ogival tomb shape was adopted for a sarcophagus in which modern country?
A) India
B) Lebanon
C) Turkey
D) Greece
  • 32. What architectural feature do the Lycian barrel-vaulted tombs imitate?
A) Metal frameworks
B) Mud-brick walls
C) Marble columns
D) Wooden structures
  • 33. Which historian suggested that Lycian tombs and Indian Chaitya temples share a cultural link?
A) Erbinna
B) Payava
C) David Napier
D) James Fergusson
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