A) RTC B) Court of Appeals C) MTC D) Sandiganbayan
A) MTC B) Supreme Court C) Sandiganbayan D) Court of Appeals
A) RTC B) MTC C) Court of Appeals D) Supreme Court
A) RTC B) Supreme Court C) MTC D) Sandiganbayan
A) RTC B) Court of Appeals C) Barangay Justice System D) MTC
A) Supreme Court B) MTC C) Sandiganbayan D) RTC
A) MTC B) Court of Appeals C) Sandiganbayan D) RTC
A) RTC B) MTC C) Supreme Court D) Court of Appeals
A) Court of Appeals B) MTC C) Sandiganbayan D) RTC (Family Court)
A) MTC B) RTC C) Court of Appeals D) Supreme Court
A) Steps by which the State prosecutes violations of law B) Arbitration procedures C) Administrative penalties D) Civil litigation procedures
A) Conduct trial B) Determine guilt C) Impose penalties D) Assess whether probable cause exists to file a case
A) Mere suspicion B) A prosecutor’s opinion C) Absolute proof of guilt D) A reasonable belief that an offense has been committed
A) Decides on evidence admissibility B) Evaluates mitigating circumstances C) Informs the accused of the charges and receives the plea D) Conducts mandatory mediation
A) File an information B) Place the accused under lawful custody C) Conduct preliminary investigation Answer: C D) Initiate a complaint
A) Ensure the accused appears in court B) Guarantee an acquittal C) Reduce the penalty upon conviction D) Replace detention with probation
A) May be tried immediately B) Can negotiate penalties C) Is protected from coercion and uninformed waivers D) Can escape detention
A) Proposed punishment B) Accused’s personal opinion C) Witness names only D) The acts complained of and the law violated
A) All evidence is admissible B) Witnesses may be excluded C) Confessions are always valid D) Evidence obtained illegally is inadmissible
A) Validity of the complaint or information B) Trial procedure C) Judgment D) Credibility of witnesses
A) Being tried again for the same offense after acquittal B) Bail denial C) Civil suits D) Multiple fines
A) Defense is always last B) Judge instructs them C) The State carries the burden of proof D) Witnesses appear first
A) Prosecutor’s opinion B) Evidence presented and the applicable law C) Public interest D) Defense preference
A) Filing appeals B) Enforcing the final penalty imposed by the court C) Reviewing evidence D) Drafting the decision
A) Valid only if a warrant follows within 24 hours B) Invalid because no element of in flagrante delicto is present C) Valid if officer believes crime might occur D) Valid because suspicion is enough
A) Valid if the suspect is known in the community B) Valid as long as informant is reliable C) Valid if suspect previously had a record D) Invalid because future acts do not justify warrantless arrest
A) Valid because purpose is clear B) Invalid due to lack of particularity C) Valid if approved by a judge D) Valid only if the search happens immediately
A) Invalid because a warrant is limited to its specific location B) Valid only if consent is implied C) Valid if within the same barangay D) Valid if officers believe evidence is inside
A) Invalid because only visual inspection is allowed B) Valid if the checkpoint is authorized C) Valid if the driver appears nervous D) Valid because checkpoints allow all searches
A) Valid only if homeowner consents B) Valid as hot pursuit allows warrantless entry C) Invalid if suspect hides for more than 30 minutes D) Invalid because theft is not a serious crime
A) Valid if the offense is grave B) Valid if suspect tries to flee C) Valid because it is still hot pursuit D) Invalid because personal knowledge of the officer is lacking
A) Invalid because warrantless home arrests require urgent necessity B) Valid if officers are experienced C) Valid if the suspect was still awake D) Valid because instinct may justify action
A) Invalid because nighttime service requires express authorization B) Valid if probable cause existed C) Valid if officers announce their identity D) Valid since the warrant is lawful
A) Invalid unless confirmed by a barangay official B) Valid because officers maintain public order C) Valid only if the area has a curfew D) Invalid because not all ordinances justify custodial arrest
A) Invalid because laptops are unrelated to firearms search B) Valid if digital crimes are later discovered C) Valid only if owner does not object D) Valid under plain view doctrine if immediately incriminating
A) Invalid because no overt act showing involvement was observed B) Valid if both individuals knew each other C) Valid because association is enough D) Valid because one person was a suspect
A) Valid if search is within the same house B) Valid if evidence is eventually found C) Invalid if consent did not expressly include closed compartments D) Valid because consent is presumed broad
A) Valid if checkpoint is legal B) Valid only if the driver is alone C) Invalid only when done by non-uniformed personnel D) Invalid because such intrusive searches require probable cause
A) Motion for reconsideration B) Barangay mediation C) Preliminary investigation filing D) Inquest review
A) Police arbitration B) Judicial dispute resolution C) Court-annexed mediation D) Barangay Justice System
A) Summary trial B) Judicial affidavit rule C) Pre-trial conference D) Inquest proceeding
A) Prosecutorial endorsement B) Certification to File Action C) Direct filing privilege D) Automatic judicial referral
A) Proper if evidence is patently insufficient B) Improper because counter-affidavits are always required C) Proper only if the defense requests it D) Proper if the case involves a barangay referral
A) Correct only for capital offenses B) Incorrect because suspects must stay under custody C) Correct when warrantless arrest is invalid D) Incorrect because only courts may release suspects
A) Valid because slander is a private crime B) Valid if the complainant has legal counsel C) Invalid because it must first undergo Katarungang Pambarangay conciliation D) Invalid only when the accused refuses mediation
A) Acceptable; the respondent may rely solely on legal arguments B) Improper; failure to submit counter-affidavits waives the right to rebut evidence C) Acceptable if endorsed by the barangay D) Acceptable only if complainant’s affidavit is weak
A) Invalid unless arbitrators are present B) Valid because non-appearance is ground for issuance C) Invalid because mediation must be completed D) Valid only after three scheduled hearings
A) Valid because clarificatory hearings are discretionary B) Invalid unless witness examination happens C) Invalid because hearings are always mandatory D) Valid only if the accused waives rights
A) Valid if the accused is detained B) Valid when barangay endorsement is unavailable C) Valid if police have personal knowledge D) Invalid because offenses requiring PI must go through the prosecutor
A) Valid if the arresting officer is a barangay official B) Valid as long as the suspect admits guilt C) Invalid because the offense is not covered by warrantless arrest rules D) Valid if the barangay issues certification
A) To excuse the crime B) To release the accused permanently C) To ensure the accused appears in court D) To reduce the penalty
A) Trial begins immediately B) Judge dismisses the case C) Bail is automatically granted D) Pre-trial and preparation for trial are scheduled
A) Negotiate plea bargaining and mark evidence B) Decide on civil liabilities C) Assign a prosecutor D) Schedule judgment
A) Witnesses must speak first B) Defense cannot start immediately C) Burden of proof lies with the State D) Judge requires opening statements
A) Proper because bail is discretionary B) Proper only if complainant objects C) Improper because bail is a matter of right D) Proper if the accused lacks counsel
A) Invalid because counsel is mandatory unless properly waived B) Valid if court is overloaded C) Valid since arraignment is formal D) Valid if the accused understood the charge
A) Case must be dismissed B) Court requires accused to present evidence C) Court may impose sanctions and proceed as justice requires D) Defense must postpone
A) Valid if prosecutor agrees B) Invalid because the judge must ensure voluntariness and full understanding C) Valid if freely made D) Valid if evidence is strong
A) Acceptable if affidavits are complete B) Invalid; only the court decides after hearing C) Acceptable if case involves moral turpitude D) Acceptable; prosecutors determine guilt
A) Invalid; violates right to full cross-examination B) Valid if both parties agree C) Valid for efficiency D) Valid in minor offenses
A) Proper; arraignment must always proceed B) Proper if judge wants to expedite C) Proper only if accused insists D) Improper; motion to quash must be resolved first
A) Proper if defense offers restitution B) Improper; prosecution consent is essential C) Proper; court has full authority D) Proper only if offense is light
A) Invalid; violates due process and right to rebut B) Valid if witness is material C) Valid; court may accept additional evidence anytime D) Valid if trial is almost finished
A) Valid if prosecution evidence is strong B) Grossly improper; violates right to present evidence C) Valid to shorten trial D) Valid only if counsel agrees
A) Improper leading B) Hearsay objection C) Proper direct examination considering age D) Cross-examination
A) Dismiss the witness B) Ignore and proceed C) Force the witness D) Allow short breaks and comforting assistance
A) Generally improper, except for hostile or child witnesses B) Required to expedite trial C) Always prohibited D) Always permitted
A) Only for expert witnesses B) During cross-examination C) Only during rebuttal D) During direct examination
A) Improper narrative B) Proper direct examination strategy C) Hearsay D) Leading question
A) Violation of impartiality B) Leading questioning C) Improper testimony D) Accommodation for child witnesses
A) Cross-examination strategy B) Direct examination C) Hearsay D) Improper leading
A) Rebuttal evidence B) Improper if done in court C) Direct examination D) Cross-examination
A) Leading question B) Reading testimony verbatim (improper) C) Cross-examination D) Refreshing memory (proper)
A) Leading question B) Cross-examination tactic C) Proper accommodation to enhance understanding D) Improper demonstration
A) Proper direct examination B) Hearsay C) Leading question D) Cross-examination
A) Direct examination B) Cross-examination technique C) Improper impeachment D) Hearsay evidence
A) Improper B) Leading question C) Proper accommodation for child witness protection D) Cross-examination violation
A) Proper direct examination B) Leading questions C) Cross-examination D) Hearsay
A) Preliminary investigation B) Direct examination C) Pre-trial conference D) Cross-examination
A) Proper witness protection and accommodation B) Leading question C) Cross-examination violation D) Improper coaching
A) Reduce penalty B) Guarantee acquittal C) Replace detention with probation D) Ensure accused appears during trial
A) Trial begins immediately B) Case dismissed C) Bail granted automatically D) Pre-trial is scheduled
A) Assign a prosecutor B) Negotiate plea bargaining and mark evidence C) Schedule judgment D) Decide civil liabilities
A) Witness’s memory, perception, and credibility B) Procedural technicalities C) Prosecutor’s theory D) Judge’s discretion
A) Influence testimony B) Make trial faster C) Replace direct questioning D) Facilitate understanding and protect them from trauma
A) Test credibility and impeach statements B) Violate rights C) Suggest answers to witnesses D) Accelerate trial
A) Closed-ended questions only B) Open-ended questions C) Leading questions only D) Hearsay questions
A) Support witness credibility B) Challenge witness credibility C) End trial D) Confirm hearsay
A) Leading questions B) Reviewing documents or reports to recall facts C) Replacing witness D) Oral suggestion
A) Testing witness statements and credibility B) Introducing new evidence without notice C) Unlimited questioning without relevance D) Skipping procedural rules
A) Avoid cross-examination B) Protect emotional well-being C) Violate impartiality D) Influence verdict
A) Guilt B) Sentence reduction C) Plea bargaining D) Voluntariness and understanding
A) Verdict announcement B) Trial starts immediately C) Clarification of issues, marking of evidence, and plea bargaining D) Witness selection only
A) Bail denial B) Informing accused of charges and receiving plea C) Trial on the merits D) Evidence evaluation
A) Accused looks guilty B) Ordinance requires detention C) In flagrante delicto or hot pursuit D) Officer has mere suspicion
A) Consent is given B) Officer feels probable cause C) Evidence is in plain view and exigent circumstances exist D) Any officer orders it
A) Case is dismissed B) Suspect is arrested without warrant and brought to prosecutor within 12 hours C) Bail is granted D) Pre-trial is conducted
A) Bail amount B) Probable cause C) Sentence D) Guilt
A) Conduct arrest B) Settle disputes amicably before filing in courts C) Replace courts D) Collect fines
A) Leading questions only B) Coercion C) Hearsay evidence D) Age-appropriate, understandable, and trauma-sensitive methods |