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Catherine the Great - Quiz
Contributed by: Holland
  • 1. Which emperor of China was committed to an expansionist policy in Central Asia during Catherine's reign?
A) The Jiaqing Emperor
B) The Qianlong Emperor
C) The Kangxi Emperor
D) The Yongzheng Emperor
  • 2. What treaty did the Qianlong Emperor unilaterally abrogate in 1762?
A) The Treaty of Nerchinsk
B) The Treaty of Beijing
C) The Treaty of Kyakhta
D) The Treaty of Aigun
  • 3. What did the Treaty of Kyakhta govern between the two empires?
A) Border demarcation
B) The caravan trade
C) Navigational rights
D) Fishing quotas
  • 4. Which group of fugitives from the Qing Empire took refuge with the Russians, causing tension?
A) Han rebels
B) Tibetan monks
C) Dzungar Mongols
D) Manchu nobles
  • 5. What event committed by the Qing Empire led Dzungars to seek sanctuary in Russia?
A) The Boxer Rebellion
B) The Taiping Rebellion
C) The Dzungar genocide
D) The Dungan revolt
  • 6. How did Catherine perceive the Qianlong Emperor?
A) As an unpleasant and arrogant neighbour
B) As a reliable trading partner
C) As a wise and benevolent ruler
D) As a weak and easily manipulated leader
  • 7. Which of the following was NOT one of Catherine's stated goals regarding her foreign ambitions?
A) Establishing trade with India
B) Suppressing the pride of China
C) Ejecting the Turks from Europe
D) Annexing Beijing
  • 8. In what language did Catherine write a 1790 letter to Baron de Grimm mentioning her Chinese neighbour?
A) German
B) English
C) French
D) Russian
  • 9. What nickname did Catherine use for the Qianlong Emperor in her 1790 letter?
A) The arrogant ruler of the East
B) The destroyer of the Dzungars
C) The expansionist of Central Asia
D) My Chinese neighbour with small eyes
  • 10. Where did Russians become active in fur trapping in the Far East?
A) Mongolia and Manchuria
B) Siberia and Sakhalin
C) Kamchatka and the Kuril Islands
D) Alaska and the Aleutian Islands
  • 11. Why did Russian interest in opening trade with Japan develop?
A) To acquire advanced weaponry
B) To establish a military base
C) To spread Christianity
D) To obtain supplies and food
  • 12. Who was the Japanese sea captain driven ashore in the Aleutian Islands in 1783?
A) Tadataka Ino
B) Mamiya Rinzō
C) Honda Toshiaki
D) Daikokuya Kōdayū
  • 13. Whose territory were the Aleutian Islands when the Japanese sea captain washed ashore?
A) Chinese territory
B) Russian territory
C) British territory
D) Japanese territory
  • 14. When did Catherine grant Daikokuya Kōdayū an audience at Tsarskoye Selo?
A) 15 August 1783
B) 28 June 1791
C) 10 September 1792
D) 1 July 1762
  • 15. Who led the Russian trade mission dispatched to Japan in 1792?
A) Nikolai Rezanov
B) Ivan Golovkin
C) Adam Laxman
D) Grigory Potemkin
  • 16. Which Japanese governing body received the 1792 Russian trade mission?
A) The Tokugawa shogunate
B) The Edo City Council
C) The Satsuma Domain
D) The Imperial Court in Kyoto
  • 17. What was the outcome of the 1792 trade mission to Japan?
A) Japan declared war on Russia
B) A major trade treaty was signed
C) An alliance was formed against China
D) Negotiations failed
  • 18. How did Nicholas I evaluate the foreign policy of Catherine the Great?
A) As cautious and defensive
B) As a dishonest one
C) As a brilliant and visionary success
D) As legally sound and strategic
  • 19. What did Nicholas I say about Catherine's initial goals?
A) She abandoned them due to a lack of funds
B) She achieved all of them perfectly
C) She modified them for the better
D) She failed to reach any of them
  • 20. How was Catherine's foreign policy characterized from the very start?
A) A masterclass in geopolitical maneuvering
B) A series of mistakes and lacking a long-term strategy
C) A cautious approach focused solely on defense
D) An alliance-driven strategy focused on peace
  • 21. Which large territories did Russia lose from its protectorate under Catherine?
A) The Baltic governorates
B) The Crimean Peninsula
C) The Grand Duchy of Finland
D) The Commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania
  • 22. To which countries did Catherine leave the territories of the Commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania?
A) France and Great Britain
B) Sweden and the Ottoman Empire
C) China and Japan
D) Prussia and Austria
  • 23. Since whose reign had the Commonwealth been a Russian protectorate?
A) Ivan the Terrible
B) Alexander I
C) Peter I
D) Michael Romanov
  • 24. What political problem of dissidents did Peter I choose not to intervene in?
A) Protesting military conscription
B) Advocating for their religious freedoms
C) Seeking parliamentary representation
D) Demanding tax exemptions
  • 25. What kind of power did Catherine actually turn Russia into?
A) An isolated agrarian empire
B) A global great power
C) A strictly regional European power
D) A minor maritime power
  • 26. What caused famines, starvation, and fear of famines in Russia?
A) Dzungar raids along the Siberian border
B) Trade embargoes imposed by Japan and China
C) The abrogation of the Treaty of Kyakhta
D) Global trade of Russian natural resources and Russian grain
  • 27. Why did Catherine's dynasty eventually lose power?
A) Because she failed to eject the Turks from Europe
B) Because of the failed trade mission led by Adam Laxman
C) Because of the loss of Kamchatka to Japan
D) Because of resource trading famines and a war with Austria and Germany
  • 28. According to the text, a war with which nations was impossible without Catherine's foreign policy?
A) Sweden and the Ottoman Empire
B) Great Britain and France
C) China and Japan
D) Austria and Germany
  • 29. Which duchy did Catherine refuse?
A) Holstein-Gottorp
B) Schleswig
C) Bavaria
D) Holstein-Prussia
  • 30. What geographic feature did the refused duchy have ports on?
A) The Baltic Sea
B) The Atlantic Ocean
C) The North Sea
D) The Black Sea
  • 31. What role did Catherine pioneer for Russia, similar to Britain's later role?
A) Naval superpower
B) Colonial conqueror
C) International mediator
D) Financial backer
  • 32. When did the War of the Bavarian Succession take place?
A) 1778–1779
B) 1788–1790
C) 1780–1782
D) 1790–1792
  • 33. What relation was King Gustav III to Catherine?
A) Uncle
B) Cousin
C) Brother
D) Nephew
  • 34. Which city did King Gustav III hope to strike directly?
A) Saint Petersburg
B) Stockholm
C) Holstein
D) Moscow
  • 35. Which Russian fleet checked the Royal Swedish navy in July 1788?
A) Black Sea Fleet
B) Northern Fleet
C) Atlantic Fleet
D) Baltic Fleet
  • 36. What was the result of the Battle of Hogland in July 1788?
A) A decisive Russian victory
B) It was tied
C) A cancellation due to weather
D) A crushing Swedish victory
  • 37. Which country declared war on Sweden in 1788?
A) Austria
B) Britain
C) Prussia
D) Denmark
  • 38. Who was paid large sums of money as part of the peace settlement?
A) The King of Denmark
B) Gustav III
C) The Austrian Emperor
D) Catherine herself
  • 39. How long did peace ensue after the 1790 treaty, despite an assassination?
A) 5 years
B) 10 years
C) 20 years
D) 50 years
  • 40. In what year was King Gustav III assassinated?
A) 1788
B) 1800
C) 1792
D) 1790
  • 41. In what year was Catherine crowned?
A) 1796
B) 1781
C) 1762
D) 1768
  • 42. What inspired the design of the Great Imperial Crown?
A) Byzantine design
B) Romanian art
C) British royal regalia
D) Ottoman architecture
  • 43. How many Indian diamonds are on the Great Imperial Crown?
A) 75
B) 2,300
C) 4,936
D) 398
  • 44. What is the weight of the Great Imperial Crown?
A) 5.1kg
B) 1.5kg
C) 2.3kg
D) 3.8kg
  • 45. In which museum is the Great Imperial Crown currently on display?
A) Louvre Museum
B) Moscow Kremlin Armoury Museum
C) State Hermitage Museum
D) British Museum
  • 46. Whose rehabilitation was one of Catherine's early acts following her accession?
A) Nikita Panin
B) Şahin Giray
C) Ivan Osterman
D) Alexey Bestuzhev-Ryumin
  • 47. Who interpreted Bestuzhev's rehabilitation as presenting a political difficulty regarding Elizabeth's memory?
A) Sergey Solovyov
B) Ivan Gudovich
C) Jérémie Pauzié
D) Alexander Suvorov
  • 48. By how many square kilometres did Catherine extend the Russian Empire?
A) Some one million square kilometres
B) Some 520,000 square kilometres
C) Some 750,000 square kilometres
D) Some 200,000 square kilometres
  • 49. Who served as Catherine's foreign minister from 1763 to 1781?
A) Alexander Suvorov
B) Alexey Bestuzhev-Ryumin
C) Ivan Osterman
D) Nikita Panin
  • 50. What alliance system did Nikita Panin attempt to set up to counter the Bourbon–Habsburg League?
A) Eastern League
B) Black Sea Coalition
C) Baltic Pact
D) Northern Accord
  • 51. Who replaced Nikita Panin as foreign minister in 1781?
A) Şahin Giray
B) Alexey Bestuzhev-Ryumin
C) Ivan Gudovich
D) Ivan Osterman
  • 52. In what year did Catherine agree to a commercial treaty with Great Britain?
A) 1766
B) 1774
C) 1783
D) 1762
  • 53. On what date was the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca signed?
A) 31 August 1762
B) 25 September 1789
C) 21 July 1774
D) 22 September 1762
  • 54. Who was named by Catherine to head the Crimean state to maintain friendly relations with Russia?
A) Alexey Bestuzhev-Ryumin
B) Şahin Giray
C) Nikita Panin
D) Ivan Osterman
  • 55. In what year did Catherine formally annex Crimea?
A) 1762
B) 1774
C) 1792
D) 1783
  • 56. What new city replaced Khadjibey by a decree in 1794?
A) Nikolayev
B) Odessa
C) Yekaterinoslav
D) Kherson
  • 57. What was Catherine the Great's birth name?
A) Yekaterina Alekseyevna
B) Joanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp
C) Maria Choglokova
D) Sophie Auguste Friederike von Anhalt-Zerbst
  • 58. When did Catherine die?
A) 28 June 1744
B) 17 November 1796
C) 5 January 1762
D) 2 May 1729
  • 59. In what city was Catherine born?
A) Stettin
B) Saint Petersburg
C) Oranienbaum
D) Moscow
  • 60. At what age did Catherine marry Peter?
A) 18
B) 16
C) 15
D) 21
  • 61. Which Roman historian's work caused a 'revolution' in Catherine's mind regarding power politics?
A) Cicero
B) Tacitus
C) Voltaire
D) Plutarch
  • 62. Who was widely believed to be the biological father of Catherine's son Paul?
A) Sergei Saltykov
B) Grigory Orlov
C) Peter III
D) Grigory Potemkin
  • 63. When was Catherine's son Paul born?
A) 1745
B) 1757
C) 1754
D) 1762
  • 64. What was the name of Catherine and Peter's second child who died at 14 months?
A) Elizabeth
B) Joanna
C) Anna
D) Sophie
  • 65. Which regiment did Catherine visit on the night of the coup to ask for protection?
A) Imperial Guard
B) Holstein Regiment
C) Izmailovsky Regiment
D) Semenovsky Barracks
  • 66. Where did Peter III die following his overthrow?
A) Oranienbaum
B) Ropsha
C) Stettin
D) Schlüsselburg
  • 67. Who was appointed director of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences in 1783?
A) Maria Choglokova
B) Princess Yekaterina Dashkova
C) Empress Elizabeth
D) Joanna Elisabeth
  • 68. When did Catherine found the Imperial Public Library, Russia's first state public library?
A) 1795
B) 1783
C) 1762
D) 1768
  • 69. Which medical procedure did Catherine promote by undergoing it herself in 1768?
A) Phlebotomy
B) Pneumonia treatment
C) Bloodletting
D) Smallpox inoculation
  • 70. Which rebellion posed a major challenge to Catherine's rule, involving Cossacks, nomads, and peasants?
A) Bar Confederation
B) Pugachev's Rebellion
C) Lopukhina affair
D) Russo-Turkish War
  • 71. Which admiral served under Catherine the Great?
A) Alexander Suvorov
B) Pyotr Rumyantsev
C) Grigory Orlov
D) Fyodor Ushakov
  • 72. Which territory in the east became the first European colony established by Russians under Catherine?
A) Poland
B) Crimea
C) New Russia
D) Alaska
  • 73. What was the name of the new Russian territories colonized along the coasts of the Black and Azov seas?
A) New Russia
B) Courland and Semigallia
C) Holstein-Gottorp
D) Russian America
  • 74. Which southern territory was annexed following victories over the Ottoman Empire?
A) Crimean Khanate
B) Poland
C) Schleswig
D) Alaska
  • 75. Which city was founded on Catherine's orders in newly conquered lands?
A) Sevastopol
B) Stettin
C) Oranienbaum
D) Szczecin
  • 76. Who was installed by Catherine to the throne of Poland before its partition?
A) Her former lover
B) Peter III
C) Grigory Potemkin
D) Her son Paul
  • 77. Who was appointed to supervise Catherine and Peter by Empress Elizabeth in May 1746?
A) Maria Choglokova
B) Princess Yekaterina Dashkova
C) Joanna Elisabeth
D) Alexey Bestuzhev-Ryumin
  • 78. What disease did Sophie's uncle Charles Augustus die of in Saint Petersburg in 1727?
A) Pneumonia
B) Smallpox
C) Apoplexy
D) Haemorrhoidal colic
  • 79. What disease did Catherine contract and survive shortly after arriving in Russia?
A) Pneumonia
B) Typhus
C) Cholera
D) Smallpox
  • 80. Which philosopher did Catherine first read during her unhappy marriage to Peter?
A) Bestuzhev
B) Grimm
C) Voltaire
D) Tacitus
  • 81. What was the name of the residence of the 'young court' where Peter and Catherine settled?
A) Oranienbaum
B) Schlüsselburg
C) Smolny Institute
D) Winter Palace
  • 82. Which palace did Catherine and Peter move into after Peter became emperor?
A) Winter Palace
B) Oranienbaum
C) Ducal Castle
D) Ropsha
  • 83. Who was the Prussian King whose admiration by Peter III alienated Russian nobles?
A) Adolf Frederick
B) Frederick II
C) Frederick the Great
D) Christian August
  • 84. What society did Catherine support that promoted the spread of potato cultivation?
A) Russian Academy
B) Free Economic Society
C) Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences
D) Imperial Public Library
  • 85. Which of Catherine's generals achieved renown during the wars against the Ottoman Empire?
A) Samuel Greig
B) Fyodor Ushakov
C) Alexander Suvorov
D) Pyotr Rumyantsev
  • 86. Which kingdom became a Russian protectorate in 1783?
A) Persia
B) Azerbaijan
C) Georgia
D) Armenia
  • 87. Who was the new king of Persia who invaded Georgia in 1795?
A) Ivan Gudovich
B) Morteza Qoli Khan
C) Valerian Zubov
D) Agha Mohammad Khan
  • 88. Who was the pro-Russian half-brother intended to replace the Persian shah?
A) Agha Mohammad Khan
B) Morteza Qoli Khan
C) Valerian Zubov
D) King Erekle II
  • 89. Whose advice did Catherine follow instead of appointing Ivan Gudovich?
A) Prince Zubov
B) Paul I
C) Derzhavin
D) King Erekle II
  • 90. Who was entrusted with the command of the Russian troops in 1796?
A) Agha Mohammad Khan
B) Morteza Qoli Khan
C) Ivan Gudovich
D) Count Valerian Zubov
  • 91. What relation was Valerian Zubov to Prince Zubov?
A) Son
B) Father
C) Younger brother
D) Uncle
  • 92. Where did the Russian troops set out from in April 1796?
A) St. Petersburg
B) Moscow
C) Derbent
D) Kizlyar
  • 93. Which key fortress did the Russian troops storm on 21 May 1796?
A) Shemakha
B) Derbent
C) Baku
D) Ganja
  • 94. Who glorified the storming of Derbent in a famous ode?
A) Derzhavin
B) Paul I
C) Valerian Zubov
D) Ivan Gudovich
  • 95. What major event occurred in November 1796 that halted the campaign?
A) Agha Mohammad Khan surrendered unconditionally
B) A massive earthquake destroyed the army
C) Persian forces defeated Zubov in a major battle
D) Catherine died
  • 96. Who did Catherine place on the Polish throne in 1764?
A) Frederick II
B) Kościuszko
C) Stanislaus Augustus Poniatowski
D) Alexander Bezborodko
  • 97. In what year did Catherine become the formal protector of political rights for dissidents and peasants in the Commonwealth?
A) 1764
B) 1791
C) 1768
D) 1795
  • 98. Which foreign power supported the Confederation of Bar?
A) Prussia
B) Habsburg monarchy
C) France
D) Austria
  • 99. Which monarchy gained Galicia, satisfying Empress Catherine?
A) French monarchy
B) Habsburg monarchy
C) Ottoman Empire
D) Prussian monarchy
  • 100. What did the Targowica confederates believe the Russians would help them restore?
A) The Permanent Council
B) The Golden Liberty
C) The May Constitution
D) The French Monarchy
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