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Athenian democracy - Quiz
Contributed by: Edwards
  • 1. Around which century BC did Athenian democracy develop?
A) 7th century BC
B) 5th century BC
C) 6th century BC
D) 4th century BC
  • 2. Which surrounding territory was encompassed by the city-state of Athens alongside the city itself?
A) Attica
B) Thebes
C) Argos
D) Sparta
  • 3. Which ideals were supported by Athenian democracy?
A) Monarchy, nobility, and faith
B) Wealth, power, and tradition
C) Liberty, equality, and security
D) Order, discipline, and conquest
  • 4. Who was allowed to participate in Athenian democracy?
A) All adult residents regardless of gender
B) Free, adult male citizens
C) Free citizens and resident metics
D) All property-owning adults including women
  • 5. Approximately what percentage of the total adult population did adult male citizens constitute?
A) At least 70 percent
B) No more than 30 percent
C) No more than 50 percent
D) Around 10 percent
  • 6. In what year did Solon issue his economic and constitutional reforms?
A) 462 BC
B) 621 BC
C) 508 BC
D) 594 BC
  • 7. In what years did Cleisthenes issue his reforms?
A) 561–60 BC
B) 411–10 BC
C) 462–61 BC
D) 508–07 BC
  • 8. In what year did Ephialtes contribute to the development of democracy?
A) 508 BC
B) 594 BC
C) 462 BC
D) 404 BC
  • 9. How did Cleisthenes organize citizens to break up the unlimited power of the nobility?
A) Into ten groups based on where they lived
B) Into hereditary aristocratic clans
C) Into twelve groups based on their occupation
D) Into four groups based on their wealth
  • 10. Who was the longest-lasting democratic leader of Athens?
A) Ephialtes
B) Solon
C) Cleisthenes
D) Pericles
  • 11. During which war did oligarchic revolutions briefly interrupt Athenian democracy in 411 and 404 BC?
A) Peloponnesian War
B) Sicilian campaign
C) Persian War
D) Macedonian War
  • 12. What proportion of existing Greek cities might have been democracies by the late 4th century BC?
A) Only Athens and Sparta
B) As many as half
C) Less than ten percent
D) All of them
  • 13. What does the Greek element 'dêmos' traditionally translate to?
A) Force or power
B) People or towns
C) First place or sovereignty
D) Beginning or rule
  • 14. What does the Greek element 'krátos' mean?
A) Force or power
B) Assembly or magistrate
C) Beginning or first place
D) People or towns
  • 15. What did the word 'demarchy' mean when it was already taken in ancient Athens?
A) Oligarchy
B) Democracy
C) Mayoralty
D) Assembly
  • 16. In which literary work is the first conceptual articulation of the term 'democracy' generally accepted to be found?
A) The Draconian Constitution
B) The Suppliants
C) Histories
D) Constitutions
  • 17. Which historian's works attest to the terms 'dēmokrateomai' and 'dēmokratia'?
A) Aristotle
B) Herodotus
C) Solon
D) Cleisthenes
  • 18. What earlier word was used for the concept of democracy before 'dēmokratia'?
A) Politeiai
B) Isonomia
C) Demarchy
D) Archē
  • 19. Who compiled the only complete extant constitution of a Greek city-state?
A) Solon and the archons
B) Pericles and the Assembly
C) Herodotus and his followers
D) Aristotle and his students
  • 20. Before the first attempt at democratic government, what was Athens ruled by?
A) Elected mayors and municipal magistrates
B) A series of archons and the council of the Areopagus
C) The Assembly and the Boule
D) The Ten Tribes and their demes
  • 21. Who replaced the oral law with a written legal code in 621 BC?
A) Cleisthenes
B) Draco
C) Peisistratos
D) Solon
  • 22. How many property classes did Solon establish in his constitutional reforms?
A) Five
B) Three
C) Four
D) Ten
  • 23. What was the name of the highest property class established by Solon, producing at least 500 medimnoi per year?
A) Hippeis
B) Pentakosiomedimnoi
C) Thetes
D) Zeugitai
  • 24. Which property class produced under 200 medimnoi per year under Solon's reforms?
A) Zeugitai
B) Thetes
C) Hippeis
D) Pentakosiomedimnoi
  • 25. How many members made up the boule created under Solon's reforms?
A) 500 members
B) 300 members
C) 100 members
D) 400 members
  • 26. What role did the Areopagus retain after Solon's reforms?
A) Criminal court for homicide and sacrilege
B) Guardianship of the laws
C) Supreme executive ruling body
D) Running daily affairs and setting political agendas
  • 27. What economic reforms did Solon implement regarding debt?
A) Enforcing stricter borrowing on personal security
B) Banning agriculture across Attica
C) Cancelling existing debts and freeing debtors
D) Increasing taxes on the wealthy classes
  • 28. Who overthrew the nascent democracy in 561 BC?
A) Phillip II
B) Peisistratos
C) Draco
D) Hippias
  • 29. Whose expulsion in 510 BC led to the reinstatement of Athenian democracy?
A) Peisistratos
B) Ephialtes
C) Hippias
D) Pericles
  • 30. How many new tribes did Cleisthenes institute to replace the traditional tribes?
A) Ten
B) Four
C) Twelve
D) Twenty
  • 31. What geographical divisions made up each of Cleisthenes's new tribes?
A) Demes
B) Trittyes
C) Archons
D) Medimnoi
  • 32. At what age did every male citizen have to be registered in his deme under Cleisthenes?
A) Over 30
B) Over 18
C) Over 16
D) Over 21
  • 33. What did Ephialtes persuade the Assembly to reduce the powers of the Areopagus to?
A) A municipal mayoralty and tax office
B) An advisory board for foreign trade
C) A criminal court for cases of homicide and sacrilege
D) A council of four hundred members
  • 34. Following which military campaign in 413 BC did citizens take steps to limit radical democracy?
A) Conquest of Phillip II
B) Persian invasion
C) Peloponnesian War
D) Sicilian campaign
  • 35. What oligarchy was established in the Athenian coup of 411 BC?
A) The Council of 400
B) The Areopagus
C) The Pentakosiomedimnoi
D) The Thirty Tyrants
  • 36. How long did the Council of 400 endure before being replaced?
A) One year
B) Two years
C) Four months
D) Ten years
  • 37. Who was placed in charge of the Athenian government when Athens surrendered to Sparta in 404 BC?
A) The Thirty Tyrants
B) Hippias and his supporters
C) The Areopagus
D) The Council of 400
  • 38. Which army conquered Athens in 338 BC, ending democratic forms?
A) Persian army
B) Spartan army
C) Macedonian army of Phillip II
D) Sicilian army
  • 39. What name was possibly coined around 460 BC as a gesture of democratic loyalty?
A) Solon
B) Cleisthenes
C) Democrates
D) Pericles
  • 40. What was the name of the collection that included Athens's complete extant constitution compiled by Aristotle?
A) The Suppliants
B) The Draconian Constitution
C) Constitutions (Politeiai)
D) Histories
  • 41. What is the historical origin of the principles of modern democracy?
A) The Roman Republic
B) Ancient Sparta
C) Classical Athens
D) Ancient Rome
  • 42. What was a hallmark of the democracy in Athens?
A) Bureaucratic administration
B) Representative voting
C) Checks and balances
D) Direct participation
  • 43. What obstacle did Athenian democracy frequently encounter?
A) Foreign occupation
B) Economic stagnation
C) Voter apathy
D) Mob mentality
  • 44. Besides mob mentality, what other issue did direct participation in Athens frequently face?
A) Hurried decision-making
B) Low voter turnout
C) Prolonged debates
D) Lack of public interest
  • 45. What do modern democracies aim to reduce by using checks and balances?
A) The total number of laws passed
B) The influence of political leaders
C) Rash decisions influenced by public opinion
D) Citizen participation in government
  • 46. What does the inclusion of diverse viewpoints in modern democracies promote?
A) Government secrecy
B) More frequent elections
C) Higher tax rates
D) An informed voter
  • 47. Who appointed Demetrius of Phalerum as political governor in Athens?
A) Cassander
B) Philip II
C) Alexander the Great
D) Publius Cornelius Sulla
  • 48. Who ended Cassander's rule over Athens?
A) Demetrius Poliorcetes
B) Publius Cornelius Sulla
C) Athenion
D) Alexander the Great
  • 49. When Rome fought Macedonia in 200 BC, what did the Athenians do to the first two new tribes?
A) Renamed them
B) Abolished them
C) Sent them into exile
D) Expanded them
  • 50. Which new tribe was created in honour of the Pergamene king?
A) Twelfth tribe
B) Third tribe
C) Eleventh tribe
D) First tribe
  • 51. What status did Athens attain in 146 BC regarding Rome?
A) Independent empire
B) Roman municipality with a Senate
C) Autonomous civitas foederata
D) Macedonian puppet state
  • 52. What was the numerical range of the council's members at different times?
A) 300 to 750
B) 500 to 1000
C) 50 to 500
D) 100 to 300
  • 53. Who led a revolution in Athens as a tyrant in 88 BC?
A) Publius Cornelius Sulla
B) Aristion
C) Athenion
D) Demetrius of Phalerum
  • 54. Who replaced Athenion after he was killed during the war with Rome?
A) Domitian
B) Aristion
C) Hadrian
D) Philip II
  • 55. Which victorious Roman general restored the previous government to Athens in 86 BC?
A) Augustus
B) Demetrius Poliorcetes
C) Cassander
D) Publius Cornelius Sulla
  • 56. What happened to Athens' nominal independence after Rome became an Empire under Augustus?
A) It grew stronger
B) It became an autonomous civitas foederata
C) It was restored to the Assembly
D) It dissolved
  • 57. How many people approximately made up the citizen families in 4th century BC Athens?
A) 150,000
B) 30,000
C) 100,000
D) 250,000
  • 58. Approximately how many adult male citizens were there in the mid-5th century BC?
A) 60,000
B) 250,000
C) 150,000
D) 30,000
  • 59. How many adult male citizens could most Greek city-states muster?
A) 1,000–1,500
B) 10,000–15,000
C) 30,000–60,000
D) 100,000–150,000
  • 60. How many adult male citizens did Corinth have at most?
A) 60,000
B) 30,000
C) 15,000
D) 1,000
  • 61. What term is used in the text for resident foreigners in Athens?
A) Helots
B) Plebeians
C) Barbarians
D) Metics
  • 62. Between metics and slaves, which group was probably somewhat more numerous?
A) They were equal in number
B) Neither, citizens were more numerous than both combined
C) Metics
D) Slaves
  • 63. Who claimed around 338 BC that there were 150,000 slaves in Attica?
A) Pericles
B) Hyperides
C) Socrates
D) Plato
  • 64. Roughly how many Greek city-states existed according to the text's context of 'most of the thousand or so'?
A) Around one hundred
B) Exactly fifty
C) About a thousand
D) Over ten thousand
  • 65. Compared to oligarchies, how large was the portion of the population that took part in Athens' government?
A) Significantly smaller
B) Roughly identical
C) Relatively large
D) Non-existent
  • 66. What was the primary criterion Athens followed for citizenship?
A) Mandatory property ownership
B) Length of residency in the city
C) Financial contribution to the state
D) Citizenship-through-birth
  • 67. Into how many categories was the citizenship-through-birth criterion divided?
A) Three
B) Four
C) Two
D) Five
  • 68. What did Solon's laws outline regarding citizens and non-citizens?
A) Equal rights for all residents
B) A clear boundary between their protections
C) That non-citizens could vote if wealthy
D) That slaves could become citizens
  • 69. What was the term used for the suspension of citizen rights due to debt?
A) Xenias Graphe
B) Atimia
C) Metics
D) Ephebes
  • 70. What large group was granted citizenship in 427 BC?
A) Egyptians
B) Spartans
C) Plateans
D) Samians
  • 71. What large group was granted citizenship in 405 BC?
A) Athenians
B) Ephebes
C) Plateans
D) Samians
  • 72. What term was often used to refer to women instead of citizens?
A) Polis
B) Astē
C) Strategos
D) Demarch
  • 73. What physical requirement for citizens were women barred from doing?
A) Building ships
B) Participating in athletic training
C) Competing in the Olympics
D) Fighting in battle
  • 74. What was the council of 500 also known as?
A) Demos
B) Dikasteria
C) Boule
D) Ecclesia
  • 75. What was the minimum number of people required for the courts?
A) 500
B) 30
C) 6,000
D) 200
  • 76. Which body was never simply called the demos ('the people')?
A) The courts
B) The boule
C) The council of 500
D) The assembly
  • 77. What was the Greek name for the Athenian assembly?
A) boule
B) ekklesia
C) agora
D) dikasteria
  • 78. What kind of majority was required for voting in the assembly?
A) Simple majority
B) Unanimous consent
C) Two-thirds majority
D) Three-quarters majority
  • 79. What was the Greek term for 'arm stretching' during voting?
A) Kyria
B) Kheirotonia
C) Ekklesia
D) Pnyx
  • 80. How often was ostracism conducted?
A) Monthly
B) Every ten years
C) Annually
D) Only during times of war
  • 81. How many assembly meetings per year were set in the following century (4th century BC)?
A) 10
B) 365
C) 40
D) 20
  • 82. What was the main meeting in the 4th century BC called?
A) Kheirotonia
B) Dikasteria
C) Kyria ekklesia
D) Pnyx
  • 83. What penalty was imposed on citizens who got the red stain on their clothes from the rope?
A) Temporary loss of voting rights
B) A fine
C) Exile from Athens
D) Public flogging
  • 84. Where was the assembly meeting place located?
A) Pnyx
B) Parthenon
C) Agora
D) Acropolis
  • 85. What was a preventive measure against potential tyrants and factions?
A) Sortition
B) The red rope
C) Ostracism
D) The quorum of 6,000
  • 86. What color stone represented 'yes' in votes requiring a quorum?
A) Blue
B) Red
C) White
D) Black
  • 87. What color stone represented 'no' in votes requiring a quorum?
A) Black
B) White
C) Blue
D) Red
  • 88. What could any member demand if they doubted the outcome of a show of hands?
A) A recount
B) An ostracism trial
C) A postponement of the assembly
D) A secret ballot
  • 89. Who is said to have created a boule of 400 in 594 BC?
A) Cleon
B) Cleisthenes
C) Pericles
D) Solon
  • 90. How often was the Athenian Boule selected?
A) Every two years
B) Every year
C) Every six months
D) Every month
  • 91. What was the term for the deliberations drafted by the Boule for the Ecclesia to discuss and approve?
A) Prytaneis
B) Probouleumata
C) Atimia
D) Dike
  • 92. What was the name of the standing committee formed by the members from each tribe in the Boule in turns?
A) Dikasteria
B) Prytaneis
C) Clepsydra
D) Logographos
  • 93. How many days did each prytaneis act as the standing committee of the Boule?
A) Thirty-six days
B) Twenty-four days
C) Forty days
D) Thirty days
  • 94. How long was the chairman for each tribe, chosen by lot each day, required to stay in the tholos?
A) The next 12 hours
B) The next 24 hours
C) The next 48 hours
D) The next 36 hours
  • 95. What was the building adjacent to the bouleuterion called?
A) Clepsydra
B) Ecclesia
C) Dikasteria
D) Prytaneion
  • 96. Through which function did the Boule execute its control over policy?
A) Judicial function
B) Probouleutic function
C) Executive function
D) Military function
  • 97. Which group was required to be under oath, unlike those attending the assembly?
A) Magistrates
B) Jurors
C) Generals
D) Ambassadors
  • 98. Unlike magistrates, who could be impeached and prosecuted for misconduct, what could jurors not do?
A) Be censured
B) Propose penalties
C) Speak
D) Vote
  • 99. What was the term for a smaller kind of private suit?
A) Atimia
B) Probouleuma
C) Dike
D) Graphe
  • 100. What was the term for a larger kind of public suit?
A) Graphe
B) Prytaneis
C) Clepsydra
D) Dike
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