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Brain mapping - Quiz
Contributed by: Appleby
  • 1. What is brain mapping primarily concerned with?
A) The study of the digestive system.
B) The study of the anatomy and function of the brain and spinal cord.
C) The study of the cardiovascular system.
D) The study of the respiratory system.
  • 2. Which organization defined brain mapping in 2013?
A) Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT).
B) World Health Organization (WHO).
C) National Institutes of Health (NIH).
D) American Medical Association (AMA).
  • 3. In what year did researchers complete a full brain mapping of a fruit fly?
A) 2020.
B) 2018.
C) 2013.
D) 2024.
  • 4. Which animal was used for the full brain mapping completed in 2024?
A) Mouse.
B) Rat.
C) Monkey.
D) Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly).
  • 5. What is a connectogram?
A) A map of the respiratory system.
B) A map illustrating the cardiovascular system.
C) A map showing the digestive system.
D) A map depicting cortical regions around a circle, organized by lobes.
  • 6. What do the concentric circles within a connectogram represent?
A) Lung capacity.
B) Various common neurological measurements, such as cortical thickness or curvature.
C) Blood pressure levels.
D) Heart rate variability.
  • 7. What do the lines in the center of a connectogram illustrate?
A) The connections between muscles.
B) The connections between cortical regions, weighted by fractional anisotropy and strength of connection.
C) The connections between bones.
D) The connections between organs.
  • 8. What is a connectome?
A) A map of the cardiovascular system.
B) A map of the respiratory system.
C) A map of the digestive system.
D) A map that incorporates individual neural connections in the brain, often presented as wiring diagrams.
  • 9. What are the core aspects of brain mapping?
A) Cardiac imaging.
B) Gastrointestinal imaging.
C) Functional and structural neuroimaging.
D) Pulmonary imaging.
  • 10. What is a common criticism of brain image-based claims?
A) They are never used in scientific research.
B) They are always accurate and reliable.
C) They often involve low-resolution techniques and may involve incorrect assumptions about brain functions.
D) They are only used in medical diagnosis.
  • 11. Why might claims about specific brain functions be unverifiable?
A) Because brain mapping techniques are always highly accurate.
B) Because many functions involve multiple parts of the brain and many mapping techniques have low resolution.
C) Because brain functions are unrelated to brain regions.
D) Because brain functions are always localized to a single region.
  • 12. What is a potential issue with some brain mapping studies?
A) They never have equipment calibration issues.
B) They are always conducted with large sample sizes.
C) They may have technical problems like small sample size or poor equipment calibration.
D) They are always scientifically validated.
  • 13. For what purposes might brain mapping techniques be used without scientific validation?
A) Only for artistic projects.
B) Only for scientific research.
C) Only for educational purposes.
D) Commercial purposes, lie detection, or medical diagnosis.
  • 14. In which decade was the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Science commissioned to investigate the integration of neuroscientific information?
A) The late 1980s
B) The mid-1980s
C) The early 2000s
D) The early 1990s
  • 15. Which of the following is NOT a non-invasive scanning technique mentioned in the text?
A) Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
B) Computed Tomography (CT)
C) Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)
D) Electroencephalography (EEG)
  • 16. Which condition is NOT specifically mentioned as being studied through brain mapping in the text?
A) Clinical depression
B) Autism
C) Alzheimer's disease
D) Schizophrenia
  • 17. What historical case is mentioned as being crucial for understanding traumatic brain injuries?
A) Alexander Luria
B) Clive Wearing
C) Henry Molaison
D) Phineas Gage
  • 18. What is one of the applications of brain mapping in studying diseased brains?
A) Creating brain prosthetics
B) Studying drug effects
C) Developing new surgical techniques
D) Designing brain implants
  • 19. Which of the following is a technique used to map perfusion in the brain?
A) Electroencephalography (EEG)
B) Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
C) Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
D) Electromyography (EMG)
  • 20. Which technique is used to study the anatomy of the human brain?
A) Electrocardiography (ECG)
B) Diffusion MRI (dMRI)
C) Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA)
D) Ultrasound
  • 21. What is one of the populations mentioned that may be studied using brain mapping?
A) People with hypertension
B) People with diabetes
C) People with clinical depression
D) People with asthma
  • 22. Which technique is used to map function in the brain?
A) Ultrasound
B) X-ray
C) Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)
D) Computed Tomography (CT)
  • 23. What is one of the phenomena that can be studied in both healthy and diseased brains?
A) Blood sugar levels
B) Memory
C) Blood pressure
D) Cholesterol levels
  • 24. Which technique is NOT mentioned as a method for brain mapping?
A) Electroencephalography (EEG)
B) Electromyography (EMG)
C) Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
D) Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
  • 25. Which organization published the most comprehensive 3D map of the human brain in 2021?
A) The BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network
B) FlyWire team
C) The MICrONS program
D) Researchers at Google
  • 26. How much storage space did the interactive map of the human brain require?
A) 500 terabytes
B) 2 petabytes
C) 3 petabytes
D) 1.4 petabytes
  • 27. What was the size of the brain fragment mapped by Google researchers in 2021?
A) 5 mm3
B) 0.5 mm3
C) 1 mm3
D) 10 mm3
  • 28. How long did it take to scan the monkey brain using the new method reported in 2021?
A) Within 24 hours
B) Within 100 hours
C) Within 72 hours
D) Within 48 hours
  • 29. Which animal's brain was first completely reconstructed before the fruit fly brain map?
A) The axolotl
B) The monkey
C) The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
D) The mouse
  • 30. How many researchers were involved in the FlyWire team that completed the fruit fly brain map?
A) 500 researchers
B) 150 researchers
C) 100 researchers
D) 287 researchers
  • 31. How many institutions were involved in the FlyWire project?
A) 50 institutions
B) 100 institutions
C) 76 institutions
D) 30 institutions
  • 32. What is the total number of neurons in the fruit fly brain map?
A) More than 100,000 neurons
B) More than 50,000 neurons
C) More than 140,000 neurons
D) More than 200,000 neurons
  • 33. How many synapses were identified in the fruit fly brain map?
A) Over 10 million synapses
B) Over 50 million synapses
C) Over 30 million synapses
D) Over 70 million synapses
  • 34. Which program published a functional connectomics dataset in August 2021?
A) The BRAIN Initiative
B) The MICrONS program
C) The Eyewire project
D) The FlyWire project
  • 35. How many neurons were estimated to be recorded in the primary visual cortex (VISp) by the MICrONS program?
A) An estimated 100,000 neurons
B) An estimated 25,000 neurons
C) An estimated 50,000 neurons
D) An estimated 75,000 neurons
  • 36. What type of imaging was combined with electron microscopy to show mammalian neural circuit development in 2021?
A) Diffusion tensor imaging
B) Positron emission tomography
C) Brainbow imaging
D) Functional MRI
  • 37. Which atlas was developed in 1988?
A) Harvard Whole Brain Atlas
B) Infant Brain Atlas
C) MNI Template
D) Talairach Atlas
  • 38. What was the standard template of SPM and International Consortium for Brain Mapping released in 1998?
A) MNI Template
B) Harvard Whole Brain Atlas
C) Talairach Atlas
D) Atlas of the Developing Human Brain
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