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Franco-Prussian War - Quiz
Contributed by: Doyle
  • 1. What was the date of the Battle of Spicheren?
A) 5 August
B) 4 August
C) 15 August
D) 6 August
  • 2. Who was the aging General responsible for the unplanned move of the 1st Army?
A) MacMahon
B) Bazaine
C) Von Steinmetz
D) Frossard
  • 3. Why was French army supply beyond the Saar deemed impossible?
A) General Le Bœuf rejected the logistics plan
B) The trains had been destroyed
C) The French lacked horses
D) Intendant General Wolff stated it was not feasible
  • 4. What did a patrol from the German 2nd Army mistake for a sign of Frossard's retreat?
A) Decoy fires
B) A sudden drop in gunfire
C) Abandoned cannons
D) A note left behind
  • 5. Where was Frossard's French 2nd Corps positioned?
A) On the banks of the Rhine
B) At the Moselle river
C) Near the city of Wissembourg
D) Between Spicheren and Forbach
  • 6. Why did Frossard fail to request reinforcements early in the battle?
A) He treated the attacks as minor skirmishes
B) He was injured during the first assault
C) He was confident in his position
D) His telegraph lines were cut
  • 7. Which weapon caused relatively high casualties for the German forces?
A) Gatling gun
B) Chassepot rifle
C) Krupp artillery
D) Dreyse needle gun
  • 8. What caused the delay in moving reserves under Bazaine to the battlefield?
A) The destruction of a key bridge
B) Seriously flawed communications
C) Heavy rain and mud
D) A direct order from Napoleon III
  • 9. Why did Frossard ultimately retreat after dusk?
A) He feared he was being outflanked
B) He was captured by German troops
C) He received orders to surrender
D) He ran out of ammunition
  • 10. How did the Germans react on the morning after the battle?
A) They were disappointed that the French had reinforced
B) They began a major victory parade
C) They were ordered to retreat back to Saarbrücken
D) They were startled to find Frossard had abandoned the heights
  • 11. Who was the commander of the French 2nd Corps?
A) Le Bœuf
B) MacMahon
C) Frossard
D) Bazaine
  • 12. What was Moltke's original plan for Bazaine's army?
A) Keep them on the Saar until surrounding armies arrived
B) Forcing a surrender through blockade
C) Drawing them out into an open field battle
D) Immediate total destruction by artillery
  • 13. Which general was spotted by Frossard in Forbach, contributing to his fear of being outflanked?
A) Von Glume
B) Friedrich Karl
C) Von Steinmetz
D) Moltke
  • 14. Which army did General MacMahon command?
A) The German 2nd Army
B) The Prussian reserve
C) The German 1st Army
D) A French army
  • 15. What was the nature of the defensive position adopted by the French after advice from Wolff?
A) A unified front across the entire border
B) A highly concentrated line of deep reserves
C) Protected against every attack point but unable to support each other
D) A mobile defense meant for rapid retreat
  • 16. What is another name for the Franco-Prussian War?
A) The Napoleonic Wars
B) The Seven Weeks' War
C) The Crimean Conflict
D) War of 1870
  • 17. When did the Franco-Prussian War end?
A) 4 September 1870
B) 28 January 1871
C) 10 May 1871
D) 19 July 1870
  • 18. Which candidate's offer to the Spanish throne triggered the diplomatic crisis?
A) Napoleon III
B) Emile Ollivier
C) Leopold of Hohenzollern
D) Wilhelm I
  • 19. Which southern German state was NOT among those that joined the North German Confederation?
A) Bavaria
B) Saxony
C) Baden
D) Württemberg
  • 20. What was the name of the telegram Bismarck altered to provoke France?
A) Frankfurt Dispatch
B) Ems Dispatch
C) Paris Communiqué
D) Berlin Telegram
  • 21. Which document ended the Franco-Prussian War?
A) Treaty of Versailles
B) Treaty of Berlin
C) Treaty of Paris
D) Treaty of Frankfurt
  • 22. What event followed the war in Paris as a result of resentment?
A) The Second Empire
B) The Napoleonic Coup
C) The Reign of Terror
D) Paris Commune
  • 23. What did Bismarck call France's territorial demands?
A) The French ambition
B) Politique des pourboires
C) Realpolitik
D) The tipping policy
  • 24. Who replaced the pacifist Foreign Minister Napoléon, comte Daru?
A) Jacques Louis Randon
B) Emile Ollivier
C) Adolphe Thiers
D) Agenor, duc de Gramont
  • 25. What was the date of the French declaration of war?
A) 13 July 1870
B) 15 July 1870
C) 2 August 1870
D) 19 July 1870
  • 26. Which group in the French court was known as the 'mameluks'?
A) The diplomatic corps
B) The war party
C) The imperial guards
D) The republican opposition
  • 27. What was the approximate peacetime strength of the French Army?
A) 426,000 soldiers
B) 400,000 soldiers
C) 288,000 soldiers
D) 800,000 soldiers
  • 28. Prior to 1869, how were French conscripts selected?
A) By volunteer application
B) By ballot
C) By lottery
D) By physical fitness testing
  • 29. How long was the period of service for French conscripts before 1869?
A) Ten years
B) Three years
C) Seven years
D) Five years
  • 30. After the Seven Weeks War, how many men did it calculate the French could field against Prussia?
A) 288,000 men
B) 426,000 men
C) 1,000,000 men
D) 800,000 men
  • 31. Who was the Marshal responsible for the urgent French military reforms?
A) Patrice de MacMahon
B) François Achille Bazaine
C) Adolphe Niel
D) Napoleon III
  • 32. What was the planned strength of the French army after mobilization reforms?
A) 1,000,000 men
B) 800,000 men
C) 288,000 men
D) 400,000 men
  • 33. What was the nominal strength of the Garde Mobile?
A) 400,000 men
B) 800,000 men
C) 288,000 men
D) 426,000 men
  • 34. What was the maximum effective range of the Chassepot rifle?
A) 2,000 metres
B) 1,500 metres
C) 500 metres
D) 1,000 metres
  • 35. What mechanism sealed the Chassepot rifle?
A) A screw-in bolt
B) A metal spring lock
C) A hydraulic pressure valve
D) A rubber ring seal
  • 36. What type of artillery did the French army possess?
A) Rifled, muzzle-loaded La Hitte guns
B) Modern field mortars
C) Breech-loading steel howitzers
D) Smoothbore iron cannons
  • 37. How was the mitrailleuse deployed in the field?
A) Distributed to infantry squads
B) Grouped in batteries like cannons
C) Fixed in permanent concrete bunkers
D) Mounted on horseback
  • 38. Who nominally led the French army during the war?
A) Patrice de MacMahon
B) Adolphe Niel
C) François Achille Bazaine
D) Napoleon III
  • 39. What was the nature of the only campaign plan prepared between 1866 and 1870?
A) Naval blockading
B) Defensive
C) Offensive
D) Guerrilla warfare
  • 40. Which kingdom led the North German Confederation during the Franco-Prussian War?
A) Austria
B) Bavaria
C) Prussia
D) Saxony
  • 41. Which historical battle inspired German encirclement tactics?
A) Austerlitz
B) Waterloo
C) Königgrätz
D) Cannae
  • 42. What was the name of the rifle used by the Prussian army?
A) Chassepot rifle
B) Dreyse needle gun
C) Mauser bolt-action
D) Krupp rifle
  • 43. What was the maximum effective range of the Dreyse needle gun?
A) 1,200 meters
B) 300 meters
C) 600 meters
D) 1,000 meters
  • 44. Which artillery piece gave the Prussians an advantage over French cannons?
A) British naval artillery
B) French bronze muzzle loading cannon
C) Krupp 6-pounder steel breech-loading cannon
D) Austrian iron smoothbore cannon
  • 45. From which institution were General Staff officers hand-picked?
A) Prussian Kriegsakademie
B) Berlin Military College
C) Potsdam Officer School
D) Royal Cadet Academy
  • 46. What type of shell did the Krupp gun fire?
A) Contact-detonated shell
B) Incendiary projectile
C) Solid shot
D) Time-fused shell
  • 47. How many men strong was the Army of the Rhine initially?
A) 300,000
B) 250,500
C) 150,000
D) 202,448
  • 48. Which marshal took command of I Corps?
A) Marshal Niel
B) Marshal Canrobert
C) Marshal MacMahon
D) General Frossard
  • 49. Where was VI Corps stationed as a reserve?
A) Paris
B) Wissembourg
C) Metz
D) Châlons-sur-Marne
  • 50. Who brought VI Corps to Châlons-sur-Marne?
A) Napoleon III
B) Marshal François Canrobert
C) Marshal MacMahon
D) General Lebrun
  • 51. Where was I Corps expected to invade under the defensive plan?
A) Châlons-sur-Marne
B) Bavarian Palatinate
C) Belgium
D) Prussian Rhineland
  • 52. How many casualties did the French suffer during the battle for Saarbrücken?
A) 83
B) 40
C) 16
D) 86
  • 53. Which Prussian commander was positioned opposite the line Forbach-Spicheren?
A) Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm
B) General Karl von Steinmetz
C) Prince Friedrich Karl
D) General Frossard
  • 54. Where was the Prussian Third Army poised to cross the border?
A) Saarlouis
B) Forbach
C) Wissembourg
D) Saarbrücken
  • 55. How far north of Saarbrücken was the Prussian Third Army located?
A) 30 miles
B) 50 miles
C) 48 miles
D) 20 miles
  • 56. Who commanded the 1st Division of the French army?
A) Abel Douay
B) Auguste-Alexandre Ducrot
C) General Le Bœuf
D) General Frossard
  • 57. Which French division was posted to watch the border at Wissembourg?
A) 2nd Division
B) 3rd Division
C) 4th Division
D) 1st Division
  • 58. How did General Abel Douay die?
A) He was shot by a Prussian sniper
B) During the hand-to-hand fighting in the town
C) He was captured and executed
D) A caisson exploded near him
  • 59. Near which town did the Battle of Wörth occur?
A) Bitche
B) Frœschwiller
C) Wissembourg
D) Saverne
  • 60. Approximately how many French soldiers were taken prisoner?
A) 9,200
B) 35,000
C) 10,500
D) 140,000
  • 61. What percentage of the French force was lost in the battle?
A) About 50%
B) About 25%
C) About 10%
D) About 75%
  • 62. What geographical feature was Fröschwiller located on?
A) A valley
B) A riverbank
C) A hilltop
D) A mountain pass
  • 63. In which direction did the French army retreat?
A) Westerly
B) Northerly
C) Southerly
D) Easterly
  • 64. What natural landmark did the French hope to cross during their retreat?
A) The Alps
B) The Pyrenees
C) The Vosges mountains
D) The Jura mountains
  • 65. How many German casualties were recorded in the Battle of Mars-la-Tour according to the German Official History?
A) 20,163
B) 12,275
C) 15,780
D) 13,761
  • 66. What was the total number of German troops at the Battle of Gravelotte?
A) 160,000
B) 30,000
C) 188,332
D) 112,800
  • 67. Where was the southern left flank of the French army positioned at Gravelotte?
A) Rezonville
B) Rozérieulles
C) Roncourt
D) St. Privat
  • 68. Where was the northern right flank of the French army positioned at Gravelotte?
A) Rozérieulles
B) St. Privat
C) Vionville
D) Mance ravine
  • 69. Which German corps advanced across the Mance ravine during the Battle of Gravelotte?
A) III Corps
B) II Corps
C) XII Corps
D) VII Corps
  • 70. What weapons were used by the French in concealed positions at Gravelotte?
A) Grenades
B) Flamethrowers
C) Mortars
D) Mitrailleuses
  • 71. How many total French casualties were reported at the Battle of Gravelotte?
A) 20,163
B) 13,761
C) 12,275
D) 15,780
  • 72. How long after the Battle of Gravelotte did the French Army of the Rhine surrender?
A) Two weeks
B) One month
C) Two months
D) Three days
  • 73. What activity was Marshal Bazaine mockingly accused of doing during the siege of Metz?
A) Writing memoirs
B) Playing dominoes
C) Reading poetry
D) Painting portraits
  • 74. Which Prussian commander found relief in Bazaine's inactivity at Metz?
A) Bismarck
B) Frederick William
C) Moltke
D) The Crown Prince of Saxony
  • 75. In which direction did the Army of Châlons march initially to avoid the Prussians?
A) Northeast
B) Northwest
C) Southeast
D) Southwest
  • 76. Where did General Margueritte lead his cavalry charges?
A) Floing
B) Châlons
C) Beaumont
D) Metz
  • 77. What event paved the way for the Siege of Paris?
A) The retreat from Gravelotte
B) The battle at Beaumont
C) The surrender at Metz
D) The defeat at Sedan
  • 78. How many cannons did the French lose at Beaumont?
A) 40
B) 100
C) 774
D) 564
  • 79. What was Marshal Bazaine's political orientation?
A) Socialist
B) Royalist
C) Republican
D) Bonapartist
  • 80. On what date did Bazaine's army surrender at Metz?
A) 4 September
B) 26 October
C) 6 September
D) 19 September
  • 81. Who was the individual described as a 'sinister figure' and potentially a buffoon?
A) Léon Gambetta
B) M. Edmond Regnier
C) General Trochu
D) Jules Favre
  • 82. Which French leader declared that France would not yield 'an inch of its territory nor a stone of its fortresses'?
A) Léon Gambetta
B) Napoleon III
C) General Trochu
D) Jules Favre
  • 83. Who commanded the Army of the Vosges?
A) General Trochu
B) Marshal Bazaine
C) Giuseppe Garibaldi
D) Léon Gambetta
  • 84. How many new army corps did Gambetta's government form in less than four months?
A) Twenty-six
B) Three
C) Eleven
D) Eight
  • 85. How many artillery batteries were created by Gambetta's government during the war?
A) 11
B) 238
C) 173
D) 888
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